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yone Go to College?
onsned by the Brookings Institution, the paper titled "Should Everyone
Go to College?" is an analysis of the economic viability of pursuing a college
education. The Brookings Institution is a non-profit organization based in Washington
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D.C which conducts in-depth research intended to generate new ideas intended to
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solve problems facing the society across the world.
Written by Stephanie Owen and
Isabel Sawhill, the paper analyzes the return on investment attained by a students'
decision to pursue college education compared to the available alternative. Stephanie
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Owen is a senior researcher with the Brookings Institution while Brookings Institution
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with the same organization. Sawhill is also a co-founder of The National Campaign to
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The paper uses various means including quoting other sources and findings in
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presenting a persuasive argument to their finding. In conclusion, the authors ten argue
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that based on their analysis and findings, a college education is not the best option for
credibility
every person. The main intention of the paper is to convince the reader that college
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education is not fit for everyone from an economic perspective. The paper's main
better, and
audience is the policymakers in the education sector encouraging them to look to
That's
part of it,
other education alternatives which students can pursue rather than a college education.
but they also
By the deep analysis and studies cited in the paper, the authors are successful in
want to
fix some
passing in persuading the readers that college education is not for everyone.
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To persuade the readers to accept their viewpoint, the two authors use
comparison through the paper. From the beginning, the authors start by comparing the
different earnings high school graduates, and college graduate receives. The two
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authors
argue that the average return for every year spent in school is ten percent of
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their total earning (Graff, Gerald, et al. 208). By quoting the different earnings each
introduced a thors
earns based on their level of education, the authors establish the credibility of their
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work. The two authors use this to show that there is no significant difference between
college educated graduates and high school graduates based on their earnings. The of
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of their
authors also highlight the number of years used to pursue higher education by
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students compared to those working. The paper highlights that rather than spending
between four to six years to pursue a college education, other individuals of similar
age start to earn at a considerable early age and could have made a sizeable earning
before those who choose to pursue a college education are due to employment.
In persuading the audience, the author also doesn't take the path of dismissing
education altogether. By dismissing the importance of education in the society, the
authors would have created a conflict due to the huge benefits demonstrated by
education. The authors, in fact, show the huge benefits which come with education.
While acknowledging that the study takes the narrow view of the value of college
education focusing on earning premiums, the authors' states that "there are many
non-monetary benefits of schooling which are harder to measure but no less
important"(209). The authors note that education improves the overall wellbeing of
individuals by affecting job satisfaction, health, marriage, parenting, trust, and social
interactions. They also highlight other social benefits which come with education
including reduced crime rates and higher participation in politics. While not choosing
to dwell on these non-economic factors of education, the authors point out that they in
a way affect the cost-effective calculations of a college education. By failing to
dismiss education entirely, the author established further credibility since this would
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have created a view that education is useless, which is different from the main
quite the
main
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argument that college education is not economically cost-effective for everyone.
To further persuade the readers, the authors highlight factors which affect the
their goal
isn't to
return on investment of college education. One of the factors which the author
what
makes
dismiss highlights is the choice of major a student chooses to pursue. Based on other credible
education studies conducted, the authors compare the earnings of students who major in science,
at all, but
technology, engineering, and math compared to those who pursue education, arts, and
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psychology. In these studies, it's evident that a student who pursues a major in science,
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technology, engineering, and math is likely to earn more hence having a higher return
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on education compared to a student who pursues education, arts and psychology and
who is expected to earn considerable lower earnings.
The authors further explain how the choice of institution one chooses to attend
affect returns on investment on college education. According to the study quoted by
the author, public schools tend to have higher ROIs than private schools, and more
selective schools offer higher returns than less selective ones. The authors also
explain how the impact of financial aid in education affects return on investment
(Graff, Gerald, et al. 215).
the editors of
(these also are
the book,
not the authors of this
article
authors further argue that not everyone who joins college completes to
graduation. They argue that most students pursue education for a short period then
terminate without completion rendering the investments already incurred to waste.
The authors argue that this makes college education a less viable option and is also
influenced by the college one chooses to attend. Another issue which the author raises
concerning this issue it the time it takes to graduate. Through studies, the authors
argue that it takes an average of six years for a student to complete a four-year course.
This, they argue, increases the cost of college education which negatively affects
return on investment. Depending on the college one attends, the rate of graduation is
even lower which further chooses college a matter of interest.
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In a persuasive paper, rhetoric techniques play a significant role in convincing
the reader to accept the argument of the author. If the author intends to convince the
readers to accept his or her viewpoint, rhetoric techniques such as logos, pathos, ethos,
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and kairos are used. The use of these techniques differs by the topic being addressed
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by the author. In this paper, the authors utilize logos to convince the audience to
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accept their viewpoint.
In persuasive writing, logos are the use of logical ideas to appeal to the reader. In
the entire paper, the authors explain the logic behind they view that from an economic
point of view, college is not suitable for all. By explaining the issue on return on
investment, the authors want to make the reader, and the audience, in general, sees the
main point of education. From their argument, the main purpose of investing in
education is financial empowerment, and when the amount invested cannot be
equated to the returns gained, then the investment is not worthy at all.
By using these different methods to communicate the intended message, the
authors succeed in sending the message and to a certain point convincing some
readers. By clearly analyzing the different aspects of college education and
highlighting the different factors which affect the return obtained from education, the
authors are successful in convincing the readers as well as the policymakers in the
education sector that college education is not the best alternative for every young
person.
they different?
aren't the policymakers the
By highlighting the importance of where one attends college, the course they
Audience?
pursue, and the effect of financial aid in education makes the author project a large
scope of matters pertaining education. By criticizing the policies currently in
lace
which seem to encourage every young person to enroll and complete college, the
paper provides an open discussion of alternatives which one can pursue other than a
college education and at the same time be able to achieve the financial returns which
come with a college education.
The methods and different studies quoted by the authors tend to make the
paper
more credible. The paper, in general, has cited different credible studies and research
which makes the information presented more credible and convincing. By backing up
their arguments with several studies, quoting different credible authors on the matters
affecting education policies, and providing comparable figures makes the arguments
more convincing. While the authors make clear and convincing arguments, they fail to
articulate other negative social factors which could significantly reduce the returns on
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