Qu 1 What are the Human Response Processes? What other factors affect human responses? 2 Qu 2 Data obtained from aerial photography showed thirteen (13) vehicles on a 1100 ftlong section of road. Traffic data collected at the same time indicated an average time headway of four (4) seconds. Determine (a) the density on the highway, (b) the flow on the road, (c) the space mean speed. 3 Qu 3 Describe ‘shock-wave’ effect in a traffic stream along a highway segment. Differentiate between Greenshields and Greenberg analytical models. Under what traffic conditions will you be able to use the Greenshields model but not the Greenberg model? 4 Qu 4 Illustrate graphically, the relationship between superelevation, grade, and radius of horizontal curve. If a horizontal curve is to be designed for a section of a highway having a design speed of 55 mi/h and if the physical conditions restrict the radius of the curve to 580ft, a) What value is required for the superelevation at this curve? b) Is this a good design? Why or why not? 5 Qu 5 What are horizontal and vertical curves in highway in engineering practice? Use at least two (2) practical examples EACH, to illustrate the difference between the two. 6 Qu 6 A local jurisdiction has determined that for a given set of geometric conditions, a maximum rate of six (6) crashes/million entering can be tolerated. a) If at an intersection of two roadways with ADTs of 10,000 and 7500 how many crashes can occur before corrective action must be sought? b) If along a 2.5 mile section of one roadway has an ADT 6500 and over the yearlong study period, four (4) crashes occurred on this portion of roadway and two (2) of them resulted in fatalities. Determine the appropriate crash rates for this location and discuss the implications. 7 Qu 7 Describe the three categories of information about the characteristics of the area of a proposed highway location that can be assembled in the office prior to any field survey activity. Using one category, illustrate how this information can change after a field survey. 8 Qu 8 Describe the factors that significantly influence the location of highways in urban areas. How has technology affected the highway location selection? Give at least two (2) examples. 9 Qu 9 What are mass haul diagrams? How are they useful in highway design and construction? Using the figure given above, if the free haul is 500 ft and the overhaul cost is $7.50 per cubic yard station, determine the total overhaul cost between stations 9+60 (D) and 17+63 (E). 10 Qu 10 What factors influence highway design? List and describe three (3) design standards that guide highway design. 11 CEGR 416 Exam Study Guide Chapter 3 Review the slides Review homework problems (assigned problems!). Be familiar with the Human Response Processes and other factors affect human responses Response processes: o Visual Perception - Must be able to differentiate and provide between the following: Visual Perception Visual Acuity Peripheral Vision Color Vision Color Vision Recovery Depth Perception o Hearing Perception Factors o Age o Pedestrian walking speed. o Know how does age and walking speed affect perception Be familiar with design standards Be familiar with different types of pedestrian control devices: Pedestrian control devices include: o Pedestrian signals o Safety zones and islands at intersections o Pedestrian underpasses o Elevated walkways o Crosswalks Chapter 5 Review the slides Review homework problems (assigned problems!). Become familiar with safety issue in highway design and operation Be familiar with strategic highway plans Understand the human factors involved in highway crashes: o Human Factors Driver or Operator Action Major cause of highway crashes is driver error Giving traffic information in a consistent way helps to prevent it o Vehicle Condition Such as faulty breaks, worn tires, vehicle’s center of gravity location o Roadway Condition Such as pavement, shoulders, intersections o The Environment Such as weather Understand crash analysis – collision diagram, methods of analysis Understand performance evaluation processes and base calculations – crash rates o Differentiate between: Rate per million of entering vehicles (RMEVs) - often used for intersections Rate per 100 million vehicle km (RMVK) - often used for highway sections with similar traffic and geometry Chapter 6 Review the slides Review homework problems (assigned problems!). Be familiar with the following concepts and derivations Flow o Flow density/jam density Headway o time and space headway Space mean speed Understand graphical representation of their relationships Differentiate between the analytical models – Greensheild, Greenberg, Gerber and Sarkar etc. Chapter 14 Review the slides Review homework problems (assigned problems!). Be familiar with factors that influence location of highway Understand the use and application of Mass Haul Diagrams Study examples on the text (4th edition pages 725 – 730) – be familiar with calculation of volume of cut and fill, overhaul costs between points. Chapter 15 Review slides Be familiar with what factors influence highway design Be familiar with design standards that guide highway design. 1. Roadside Design Manual – sidewalks, walkways, crosswalks, traffic calming treatments 2. Highway Capacity Manual – operational design 3. A Policy on Geometric Design of Highway and Streets – infrastructural design, roadway alignment, sight distance design, superelevation, grade 4. Manual of Uniform traffic control devices – traffic signs, signals, pavement marking, temporary road and lane closures Be familiar with functional classification of highways and their distinguishing features. Be able to differentiate between classes and provide examples. o Principal Arterial, Minor arterial, Major Collector, Minor Collector, and local roads and streets.
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