IntroductionWhether you are a nurse, a public health professional, a health care administrator, or in another role in the health care field, you must base your decisions on a set of ethical principles and values. Your decisions must be fair, equitable, and defensible. Each discipline has established a professional code of ethics to guide ethical behavior. In this assessment, you will practice working through an ethical dilemma as described in a case study. Your practice will help you develop a method for formulating ethical decisions.Demonstration of ProficiencyBy successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:Competency 1: Apply information literacy and library research skills to obtain scholarly information in the field of health care.Apply academic peer-reviewed journal articles relevant to an ethical problem or issue as evidence to support an analysis of the case.Competency 3: Apply ethical principles and academic standards to the study of health care.Summarize the facts in a case study and use the three components of an ethical decision-making model to analyze an ethical problem or issue and the factors that contributed to it.Discuss the effectiveness of the communication approaches present in a case study.Discuss the effectiveness of the approach used by a professional to deal with problems or issues involving ethical practice in a case study.Apply ethical principles to a possible solution to an ethical problem or issue described in a case study.Competency 4: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and respectful of the diversity, dignity, and integrity of others, and that is consistent with expectations for health care professionals.Write clearly and logically, with correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.Write following APA style for in-text citations, quotes, and references.InstructionsNote: The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. At a minimum, be sure to address each point. In addition, you are encouraged to review the performance level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed.For this assessment, you will develop a solution to a specific ethical dilemma faced by a health care professional. In your assessment:Access the Ethical Case Studies | Transcript media piece to review the case studies you may use for this assessment.Select the case most closely related to your area of interest and use it to complete the assessment.Note: The case study may not supply all of the information you need. In such cases, you should consider a variety of possibilities and infer potential conclusions. However, please be sure to identify any assumptions or speculations you make.Identify which case study you selected and briefly summarize the facts surrounding it. Identify the problem or issue that presents an ethical dilemma or challenge and describe that dilemma or challenge.Access the Ethical Decision-Making Model | Transcript media piece and use the three components of the ethical decision-making model (moral awareness, moral judgment, and ethical behavior) to analyze the ethical issues.Analyze the factors that contributed to the problem or issue.Identify who is involved or affected by the problem or issue.Describe the factors that contributed to the problem or issue and explain how they contributed.In addition to the readings provided, use the Capella library to locate at least one academic peer-reviewed journal article relevant to the problem or issue that you can use to support your analysis of the situation.Cite and apply the journal article as evidence to support your critical thinking and analysis of the case.Assess the credibility of the information source.Assess the relevance of the information source.Discuss the effectiveness of the communication approaches present in the case study.Describe how the health care professional communicated with others.Describe the communication and communication strategies that were applied, both in creating and in resolving the problems or issues presented.Assess instances where the professional communicated effectively or ineffectively.Discuss the effectiveness of the approach used by the professional related to any problems or issues involving ethical practice in the case.Describe the actions taken in response to the ethical dilemma or challenge presented in the case study.Summarize how well the professional managed professional responsibilities and priorities to resolve the problem or issue in the case.Discuss the key lessons this case provides for health care professionals.Apply ethical principles to a possible solution to the proposed problem or issue from the case study.Describe the proposed solution.Discuss how the approach makes this professional more effective or less effective in building relationships across disciplines within his or her organization.Discuss how likely it is the proposed solution will foster professional collaboration.Write clearly and logically, with correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.Determine the proper application of the rules of grammar and mechanics.Write using APA style for in-text citations, quotes, and references.Determine the proper application of APA formatting requirements and scholarly writing standards.Apply the principles of effective composition.Integrate information from outside sources into academic writing by appropriately quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing, following APA style.Example Assessment: You may use the following to give you an idea of what a Proficient or higher rating on the scoring guide would look like:Assessment 1 Example [PDF].Additional RequirementsLength: At least 3–5 typed, double-spaced pages, not including the title page and reference page.Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.APA Template: Use the APA Style Paper Template [DOCX] as the paper format and use the APA Style Paper Tutorial [DOCX] for guidance.Written communication: Use correct spelling, grammar, and punctuation.References: Integrate information from outside sources to include at least two references (the case study and an academic peer-reviewed journal article) and three in-text citations within the paper.APA format: Follow current APA guidelines for in-text citation of outside sources in the body of your paper and also on the reference page.

Identify the benchmarks and quality measures used to compare with the office data for your proposal (Excel spreadsheet). Assess the compatibility of the proposed data and examine potential issues related to information quality (1-3 pages).IntroductionA key part of your proposal will be to identify benchmarks and trends for the topic you have chosen for your documentation review. Benchmarks can come from national or state quality standards or trends. If your proposal is approved, you as the office manager will want to try to answer this question: How does our office data compare to national or state trends?You need to identify your benchmarks before you can collect and then compare the data. You decide what your benchmarks are. They could be based on national averages, state averages, or quality standards. For example, here is one quality standard: All patients with chronic, stable coronary artery disease are on an antiplatelet therapy or have supporting documentation as to why they cannot take an antiplatelet therapy. For instance, they may have an allergy.Another question to consider when establishing benchmarks is this: Are you comparing apples to apples or apples to oranges? In addition, if you are retrieving information from a national database or data from an HIE, how do you know your office data is comparable to the information you are retrieving? Consult your suggested resources for answers to these questions.For this second assessment, you are to:Analyze statistical trends and assess quality measures relevant to your proposal.Assess the compatibility of data drawn from multiple sources.Determine the effects of health information quality on an HIE.This assessment is completed in three steps:Step One – Preparation: Locate data related to quality measures or trends relevant to your topic from specific websites.Step Two – Data Collection: Create a data collection tracking spreadsheet and dashboard.Step Three – Data Compatibility: Write a short paper on data compatibility and quality.Please study this assessment's scoring guide to better understand the performance levels relating to each criterion on which you will be evaluated.InstructionsStep One: PreparationLocate data related to quality measures relevant to your topic from one or more of these websites:Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (n.d.). https://www.ahrq.gov/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). http://www.cdc.gov/The Joint Commission. (n.d.). https://www.jointcommission.org/NCQA. (n.d.). http://www.ncqa.org/Occupational Safety and Health Administration. (n.d.). http://www.osha.gov/index.htmlAny other site that contains national or state health care quality measures.Step Two: Data CollectionUsing the Data Collection Spreadsheet Guide [XLSX] as an example, create a spreadsheet containing three tabs: Dashboard Tracking, Data Collection, and Trending.On the first tab, Dashboard Tracking, draw from the information you gathered in Step One as part of your preparation for this assessment:Identify the specific benchmark data you will compare with your office data. Remember it is up to you to establish your benchmarks.Organize or create a spreadsheet to display the totals, percentages, averages, and so on of your office data and of the national or state data you will be using for comparison. Note: Your Office Data column will be blank because you are not collecting any office data. This is only a proposal to do an information review of the quality of care provided by the physician group. Data does, however, need to appear in the Benchmark (national/state) data column.Include at least one comparison graph of your choice on this tab.On the second tab, Data Collection, draw from the information you gathered in Step One as part of your preparation for this assessment:Create a form you will use to collect specific data from the patients' records.Include a row for each patient.Provide a column for each data collection point (quality measure) you will be comparing.Note: The information on this page is totaled, averaged, et cetera, with the results linked to the first tab.To create your third tab, Trends, you will need to do some additional research. Identify national benchmarks for the condition you have chosen that could be compared to your office data. For example, if the trend in your office is that you are seeing more patients with asthma, but the national trend is decreasing, you have discovered a discrepancy that needs to be investigated.To perform your analysis:Visit one or more of the following websites containing national data: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (n.d.). Healthcare cost and utilization project. https://hcupnet.ahrq.gov/#setupCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). CDC WONDER. https://wonder.cdc.gov/WelcomeT.htmlAny other site that contains national or state health care data.Locate and analyze statistical data relevant to the selected condition. Examine trends: What other meaningful trends exist? For example, consider the number of new cases, increases or decreases of cases within a specific age range or location, et cetera.How do the national and state trends compare?Is the national trend increasing or decreasing?What is the percentage of cases who expire from the disease?Identify the trending of one statistical result relating to the condition you selected over the last 5–10 years.Create a line graph on the third tab of your spreadsheet, Trends, that illustrates the national and/or state trending of the disease you selected over the past 5–10 years.Note: Remember you have not collected your office data yet for comparison purposes. You could add that data at a later time.Step 3: Data CompatibilityWrite a short section to add to the proposal you will complete in Assessment 3. Be sure this section of your proposal includes all of the following headings and your narrative addresses each of the bullet points.IntroductionProvide a brief 1–2-sentence high-level summary explaining data compatibility.Data CompatibilityAssess the compatibility of the data: How can you ensure data from multiple sources is compatible?How do you know the data you are using for comparison is compatible with your office data?What challenges are associated with data standardization? We do not want to compare apples with oranges. You want to be sure data from multiple sources: Represents the same condition.Uses similar statistical analysis.And so on.Effects of Health Information Quality on the HIEExplain the difference between an HIE and a national database.Explain what problems can develop if facilities submit incomplete or inaccurate information to an HIE.Explain what problems can develop if facilities submit incomplete or inaccurate information to a national database.Explain how incomplete or inaccurate data may affect your proposal.ConclusionBriefly reinforce your paper's main points.Additional RequirementsYour assessment should meet the following requirements:Excel spreadsheet: Your spreadsheet must contain three tabs, be organized, contain appropriate graphs, and have correct spelling.Written communication: Your paper does not need to be in APA format. It does need to be clear and well organized, with correct spelling, grammar, and syntax, to support orderly exposition of content.Title page: Develop a descriptive title of approximately 5–15 words. It should stir interest yet maintain professional decorum.References: Include a minimum of two citations of peer-reviewed sources in current APA format.Length: 1–3 typed, double-spaced content pages, not including the title page and references page.Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.Competencies MeasuredBy successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and scoring guide criteria:Competency 4: Determine how a health information exchange (HIE) or other external health care databases affect the management of patient data, clinical knowledge, and population data. Assess the compatibility of data from multiple sources.Explain the effects of health information quality on an HIE. Competency 5: Apply quality and change management concepts to health care information management. Analyze statistical trends relevant to a selected condition.Assess quality measures relevant to a selected condition.Competency 6: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, respectful of the diversity, dignity, and integrity of others, and is consistent with the expectations for healthcare professionals. Write clearly, with correct spelling, grammar, and syntax, and good organization.Apply proper APA formatting and style to citations and references.Benchmarks and Quality Measures Scoring GuideCRITERIA NON-PERFORMANCE BASIC PROFICIENT DISTINGUISHED Analyze statistical trends relevant to a selected condition.Does not analyze statistical trends relevant to a selected condition.Analyzes statistical trends relevant to a selected condition, but there are significant errors or omissions.Analyzes statistical trends relevant to a selected condition.Applies specific criteria to evaluate which sources of statistics are most relevant to a selected condition and chooses meaningful trends to analyze. Assess quality measures relevant to a selected condition.Does not describe quality measures relevant to a selected condition.Describes quality measures relevant to a selected condition.Assesses quality measures relevant to a selected condition.Applies cogent and explicit criteria to assess quality measures relevant to a selected condition. Assess the compatibility of data from multiple sources.Does not identify factors that affect compatibility of data from multiple sources.Identifies factors that affect compatibility of data from multiple sources.Assesses compatibility of data from multiple sources.Applies cogent and explicit criteria to assess compatibility of data from multiple sources. Explain the effects of health information quality on an HIE.Does not identify effects of health information quality on an HIE.Identifies effects of health information quality on an HIE, but does not explain them.Explains the effects of health information quality on an HIE.Evaluates diverse scenarios of problems that could develop if facilities submit incomplete or inaccurate information to an HIE. Write clearly, with correct spelling, grammar, and syntax, and good organization.Does not write clearly, and there are errors in spelling, grammar, syntax, and organization.Writes clearly overall, but there are some errors in spelling, grammar, syntax, or organization. Writes clearly, with correct spelling, grammar, and syntax, and good organization.Writes concisely with excellent clarity and organization, with no errors in spelling, grammar, or syntax, and employing critical or analytical reasoning as needed. Apply proper APA formatting and style to citations and references.Does not apply proper APA formatting and style to citations and references. Applies APA formatting and style to citations and references inconsistently and with significant errors.Applies proper APA formatting and style to citations and references.Consistently applies proper APA formatting and style to citations and references without errors.