BIO201: Portfolio Project Rubric Criteria Meets Expectation Content, Research, and Analysis 41-50 Points Content Demonstrates strong or adequate knowledge of a community action plan; correctly represents knowledge from the readings and sources. 41-50 Points Presentation/Han The dout Presentation/Hand Requirements out includes all of the required components, as specified in the assignment. 41-50 Points Problem Solving Demonstrates strong or adequate thought and insight in problem solving regarding a community action plan for a public health issue. 25-30 Points Analysis Provides strong or adequate thought, insight and analysis of concepts and applications regarding a community action plan for a public health issue. 25-30 Points Synthesis and Demonstrates Evaluation strong or adequate synthesis and evaluation of course concepts in Approaches Expectation Below Expectation Limited Evidence 31-40 Points Some significant but not major errors or omissions in demonstration of knowledge about community action plans. 21-30 Points Major errors or omissions in demonstration of knowledge about community action plans. 11-20 Points Fails to demonstrate knowledge of the materials about community action plans. 31-40 Points The Presentation/Hand out includes most of the required components, as specified in the assignment. 31-40 Points Some significant but not major errors or omissions in problem solving regarding a community action plan for a public health issue. 19-24 Points Some significant but not major errors or omissions in thought, insight and analysis regarding a community action plan for a public health issue. 19-24 Points Some significant but not major errors or omissions in synthesis and evaluation 21-30 Points The Presentation/Hand out includes some of the required components, as specified in the assignment. 21-30 Points Major errors or omissions in problem solving regarding a community action plan for a public health issue. 11-20 Points The Presentation/Hando ut includes few of the required components, as specified in the assignment. 11-20 Points Fails to demonstrate problem solving regarding a community action plan for a public health issue. 13-18 Points Major errors or omissions in thought, insight and analysis regarding a community action plan for a public health issue. 7-12 Points Fails to demonstrate thought, insight and analysis regarding a community action plan for a public health issue. 13-18 Points Major errors or omissions in synthesis and evaluation regarding a 7-12 Points Fails to demonstrate synthesis and evaluation regarding a community action BIO201: Portfolio Project Rubric order to develop a community action plan for a public health issue. 13-15 Points Sources Cites and integrates at least 2 credible sources per each of the four sections of the paper. 13-15 Points Application of Sources well or Source Material adequately chosen to provide substance and perspectives on the issue; knowledge from the course linked properly to source material. Mechanics and Writing 17-20 Points Organization Project is clearly organized, well written, and in proper essay format including an introduction, body, and conclusion. Conforms to project requirements. 17-20 Points Grammar and Strong sentence Style and paragraph structure; few or no minor errors in grammar and spelling; appropriate writing style; clear and concise with no unsupported comments. regarding a community action plan for a public health issue. 10-12 Points Cites and integrates 1 credible source per each of the four sections of the paper. 10-12 Points Some significant but not major problems with selection and linkage of sources. community action plan for a public health issue. plan for a public health issue. 7-9 Points Cites and integrates at least two credible sources. 4-6 Points Cites and integrates no credible sources. 7-9 Points Major problems with selection and linkage of sources. 4-6 Points Source selection is seriously flawed; no linkage to knowledge from the course. 13-16 Points Small number of significant but not major flaws in organization and writing; is in proper essay format. In a minor way does not conform to project requirements. 9-12 Points Major problems in organization and writing; does not completely follow proper essay format. In a significant way does not conform to project requirements. 5-8 Points Project is not well organized or well written and is not in proper essay format. Does not conform to project requirements. 13-16 Points Small number of significant but not major errors in grammar and spelling; generally appropriate writing. 9-12 Points Inconsistent to inadequate sentence and paragraph development; work needed on grammar and spelling; does not meet program expectations. 5-8 Points Poor quality; unacceptable in terms of grammar and/or spelling; inappropriate writing style that interferes with clarity. BIO201: Portfolio Project Rubric Demonstrates proper use of APA style 17-20 Points Project contains proper APA formatting, according to the CSU-Global Guide to Writing and APA Requirements, with no more than one significant error. Total points possible = 300 13-16 Points Few errors in APA formatting, according to the CSU-Global Guide to Writing and APA Requirements, with no more than two to three significant errors. 9-12 Points Significant errors in APA formatting, according to the CSU-Global Guide to Writing and APA Requirements, with four to five significant errors. 5-8 Points Numerous errors in APA formatting, according to the CSU-Global Guide to Writing and APA Requirements, with more than five significant errors. Portfolio Project By Jane Gerber If you include an image from the Internet, make sure you include the source information. You do not need to include source information if you use free clip art. Source: http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/business/companies/lehman_brothers_holdings_inc/index.html THE CRASH OF LEHMAN BROTHERS: THE PROBLEMS WITH RICHARD FULD & A LOOK INTO THE LEADERSHIP OF KENNETH CHENAULT HISTORY OF LEHMAN BROTHERS    Lehman Brothers was founded by brothers Henry, Emanuel, and Mayer Lehman in 1850. Henry set up a general store in Montgomery, Alabama in 1844 and was later joined by his brothers. The firm moved to New York City after the Civil War and grew into one of Wall Street’s investment giants. (The New York Times, 2010) If the entire page is from the same source, you can put the in-text citation at the bottom of the slide. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lehman_Brothers_Times_Square_by_David_Shankbone.jpg LEHMAN BROTHERS  Lehman Brothers was a global financial services firm which participated in: investment banking;  equity and fixed-income sales;  research and trading;  investment management;  private equity; and  private banking.  Source: http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=a3m8E8E2l93A  Lehman Brothers grew to be the fourth-largest investment bank in the United States. (BBC News, 2008) LEHMAN BROTHERS The firm operated at a wholesale level, dealing with governments, companies, and other financial institutions.  The firm employed 25,000 people worldwide.  The firm was heavily invested in securities linked to the U.S. Mortgage market.  (BBC News, 2008) LEHMAN’S TRACK RECORD  Until June of 2008, Lehman Brothers had not reported a quarterly loss even once.  The firm had survived many of our nation’s economic crises, like the railroad bankruptcies of the 1800s, the Great Depression in the 1930s, and the collapse of Long-Term Capital Management in the 1990s.  The collapse of the giant investment bank came as a major shock for the entire world markets that plunged after Lehman filed a Chapter 11 petition with U.S. Bankruptcy Court in Manhattan. (Sheern, 2008) WHAT WENT WRONG?     Lehman Brothers was strangled by a massive credit crisis and fast plummeting real estate prices. The $60 billion loss in bad real estate loans forced the bank to file for bankruptcy. The firm was hit by a large dose of bad luck, pride, arrogance, and greed. Primarily, the pride and greed of its chief executive officer Richard Fuld. (Sheern, 2008) Source: http://news.monstersandcritics.com/business/features/article_1430965.php/In_photos_Lehman_Brothers_Files_for_Bankruptcy LEADERSHIP PROBLEMS - CEO RICHARD FULD    The 62-year-old CEO did not take the telltale signs of impending doom very seriously. He rejected many bids to save Lehman because he thought his bank was worth more than Wall Street gave it credit for. Fuld was nick-named “The Gorilla” for his foul temper, intimidating presence and tough talk. (Sheern, 2008) Source: Google images CEO RICHARD FULD If the information on your slide is from various sources you need to cite each bullet with source.  Fuld’s testimony before the U.S. House Committee was shameless and appalling. He blamed everyone but himself (Swaine, 2008).  Fuld faced angry questioning from the committee members. He was asked, “Your company is now bankrupt, our economy is in crisis, but you keep $480 million. I have a very basic question for you, is that fair?” (Swaine, 2008, para. 8).  From the years 1993 to 2007, Fuld is reported to have received nearly half a billion dollars in total compensation. In 2007, Fuld was reported to have been paid a total of $5,000,000, which included a base salary of $750,000 and a cash bonus of $4,250,000 (Story, 2009).  Fuld just sold his $13 million dollar Florida home to his wife for, reportedly, $10 (Story, 2009).  CNN named Fuld as one of the "Ten Most Wanted: Culprits of the Collapse" of the 2008 financial collapse in the United States (Rediff Business, 2009, p. 2, para. 4). Mr. Fuld has been accused of doing too little too late to save the firm (Story, 2009). LEADERSHIP PROBLEMS  There are four key internal biases that lead to poor decision making:        Inappropriate prejudgments; Inappropriate experience; Self interest; and Attachments. Inappropriate experience is an attitude of “what worked before will work again”. Fuld was arrogant and refused to heed the warning signs that bad business decisions lead to larger problems. Fuld needed to take this opportunity to make hard changes to the business and resisting risks would have been supremely beneficial in this case. (Boyle, 2008) WOULD NEW LEADERSHIP HAVE HELPED THE LEHMAN SITUATION? The firm needed a leader who could set aside his own pride for the sake of the company.  The firm needed a leader who made wellthought out decisions and who evaluated risks.  The firm needed a leader who could take a pay cut when times got bad.  INTRODUCING KENNETH CHENAULT Ken Chenault has been the CEO of American Express since April 2001.  He started at American Express in 1981 and progressed through several different departments before becoming CEO.  Under Chenault, American Express has maintained the highest market capitalization of all global financial services firms.  Source: Google images (Chester, 2005) HOW IS CHENAULT SO SUCCESSFUL?  Chenault explains his success, "Today's business climate reflects unprecedented levels of uncertainty and change. Business models have to change every three to four years and leaders must have a long-term perspective that focuses on structural flexibility and adaptation, rather than the preoccupation with meeting quarterly financial benchmarks,” (Chester, 2005, para. 2). If you quote, don’t forget to include the paragraph or page number of where you found the quote. LEADERSHIP VALUES     Integrity: Chenault believes that integrity means a lot more than just being honest. Integrity embodies consistency in words and actions. Courage: A leader must speak out and challenge others. Chenault likes to surround himself with people who are willing to question the status quo. Positive Communication: Chenault believes a leader clearly defines reality and gives hope. Chenault urges leaders to realize that we must know who we are and what we stand for. “If you don’t have strong values and a sense of self,” he insisted, “you will fall off a cliff later in your career” (para. 6). (Chester, 2005.) PERSONALITY    Being a Team Player: Chenault believes leaders must not only be personable people who work well with others, but must learn to give cutting, honest feedback. A leader must know how to respectfully and productively engage in confrontation. Adaptability: Chenault emphasizes the vital importance of remaining flexible and adaptable, particularly in the current economical climate. Personal Development: A leader’s success is judged by the success of his or her followers. A leader is one who has not only mastered his or her own personal attributes, but is able to assist others in their own self-development. (Chester, 2005) DECISION-MAKING ABILITIES & EXPERTISE  Execution Skills: Chenault believes intelligence is not the same as the ability to execute. It is easy to conceive strategic concepts, but the ability to execute differentiates a leader from others(Chester, 2008).  Compassionate yet Decisive: Chenault understands that in volatile times, leaders are closely scrutinized. A leader must have clear direction and must not lose his or her composure, yet must also be compassionate(Chester, 2008).  Reflecting on his own career, Chenault suggests to other leaders to focus on the task at hand and to do it thoroughly and excel. Then, hone in on one small element of a job, organization, or process, and strive to transform it. “In pursuing your long term aspirations,” he said, “think in incremental steps. Pursue your passion, not ambition” (Chester, 2008, para. 14). CHENAULT’S THOUGHTS ON THE LEHMAN COLLAPSE  Chenault asks the critical questions to the CEOs of those failed companies, “What were you doing with your balance sheet? How did you think about leverage? What level of risk were you taking? What changes did you make and were you willing to implement them in good times” (Colvin, 2009, para. 37)?  Source: Google images “From a leadership standpoint, those companies needed to be focused and decisive back in the good times, not just when things got bad. The hardest time to bring about change is in the good times” (Colvin, 2009, para. 37). CARRYING AMEX THROUGH THE CRISIS  American Express was in the middle of the financial meltdown a year ago, when Lehman failed and AIG had to be rescued. The company was on the verge of an absolute disaster and collapse.  Chenault had to change his priorities and decide the key areas which needed change. He went from being very focused on growth to issuing a mantra for the organization that we're going to stay liquid, stay profitable, and selectively invest in growth.  Chenault declined a bonus for 2008, although the other executives were paid multimillion dollar bonuses that year. (Colvin, 2009) FULD       More focused on meeting quarterly financial benchmarks than the big picture. Keeps doing the same things, refuses to change his business model. Continues to gamble on unsupported securities and loans. Arrogant and greedy – turning away potential buyers because of pride. Took a bonus of $4,250,000 in 2008. Did too little too late to save the organization. CHENAULT       Has a long-term perspective that focuses on structural flexibility and adaptation. Willing to challenge the status quo. Focused and decisive during good times and bad. Focused on staying profitable, cutting costs and selectively investing in growth. Declined to take any bonus in 2008. Believes in being ahead of the curve and making changes even when things seem good. CHENAULT VS. FULD CHENAULT’S CHANGES TO LEHMAN BROTHERS  Chenault would have taken a closer look at the risky loans Lehman was offering .  Chenault would have made changes to the business model long before the company got in so deep.  Chenault would have made better business decisions.  Chenault would not have greedily taken a large bonus in order to help cut costs for the weakening company.  Chenault would have recognized when to sell or merge the organization, before everything was lost in bankruptcy. CONCLUSION      In the end, Chenault has better leadership skills than many CEOs in the business world, including Richard Fuld. His knowledge and skills would have been very beneficial to Lehman Brothers during the last few years. He was able to save American Express during hard financial times. He now faces a new challenge with President Obama’s new mandates on credit cards. He will make the necessary changes to his organization and come out stronger than before. REFERENCES BBC News. (2008). Q & A: Lehman Brothers bank collapse. Retrieved from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7615974.stm Boyle, M. (2008, November 11). Bad management: Why managers make poor decisions. Retrieved from http://www.thinkingmanagers.com/lmr/bad-management-decisions Chester, A. (2005). Kenneth Chenault, AMEX CEO, Speaks on leadership. Retrieved from http://media.www.whartonjournal.com/2.10095/kenneth-chenault-amex-ceo-speaks-on-leadership1.1455143 Colvin, G. (2009). Crisis chief: AmEx's Chenault. Retrieved from http://money.cnn.com/2009/10/14/news/companies/american_express_chenault.fortune/index.htm Rediff Business. (2009, May 14). World's 20 worst CEOs. Retrieved from http://business.rediff.com/slideshow/2009/may/14/slide-show-1-worlds-20-worst-ceos.htm Sheern, T. (2008). What went wrong with Lehman Brothers. Retrieved from http://www.millionface.com/1/what-went-wrong-with-lehman-brothers/ Story, L. (2009, January 26). For $10, Fuld sold Florida mansion to his wife. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/26/business/26fuld.html Swaine, J. (2008). Richard Fuld punch in face in Lehman Brothers gym. Retrieved from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/financetopics/financialcrisis/3150319/Richard-Fuld-punched-inface-in-Lehman-Brothers-gym.html The New York Times. (2010). Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc. Retrieved from http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/business/companies/lehman_brothers_holdings_inc/index.html Running head: FINDING PARTNERS 1 Finding Partners XXX BIO201 – Public Health and the Environment Colorado State University – Global Campus XXX December 10, 2017 FINDING PARTNERS 2 Finding Partners The matter of mental health support is a community action obligation, not only at the local community level, but at a national level. As a civilized society, we must be held accountable and come together to provide any assistance we possibly can to those who suffer from mental illnesses. The focus will not only revolve around the topic of mental illness, yet will also include the matter of suicide and depression awareness. Suicide is not only a result of mental illness or depression, but either of those can be a trigger for someone to attempt to take their own life. By finding partners within the local community and beyond, we have a great chance and having the funds to hold training classes, informational handouts, radio commercials, website, and anything to get people to seek help if they believe they would like to end their life or have feelings of hurting others. 1. United States Secretary of Health and Human Services Eric D. Hargan U.S. Department of Health & Human Services 200 Independence Avenue, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20201 1-877-696-6775 https://www.hhs.gov/ Explanation: As the United States Secretary of Health and Human Services, Mr. Hargan would have direct access to the President of the United States and federal authority to enact change at the national level for mental health awareness and suicide prevention 2. Kansas Senator Jerry Moran 361A Russell Senate Office Building Washington, D.C. 20510 202-224-6521 https://www.moran.senate.gov/public/ Explanation: As a Senator representing the state of Kansas, Mr. Moran can introduce legislation in Congress for programs that help those with mental illness and suicide prevention. Mr. Moran recently worked with John McCain to introduce a new bill for expanding veterans’ health care to seek treatment at local community centers when unable to get to a regional Veterans Affairs (VA) hospital (Kite, 2017). FINDING PARTNERS 3 3. Kansas Governor Sam Brownback Capitol, 300 SW 10th Ave., Ste. 241S Topeka, KS 66612-1590 785-296-3232 800-766-3777 (for the hearing impaired) https://governor.kansas.gov/ Explanation: As the Kansas State Governor, Mr. Brownback can provide budgetary requirements to the State legislators for the health benefits of the state populous 4. Secretary of the Kansas Department of Health and Environment Susan Mosier 300 S.W. 10th Street Topeka, KS 66612 785-368-8500 http://www.kdheks.gov/ Explanation: As Secretary of the Kansas Department of Health and Environment, Dr. Mosier has the medical background and position to create legislation for the Kansas Governor to enact at a state level 5. Kansas Suicide Prevention Resource Center Executive Direction Andy Brown 211 E 8th Street, Suite C Lawrence, KS 66044 785-841-9900 http://www.kansassuicideprevention.org/ Explanation: As CEO of the Kansas Suicide Prevention Resource Center, Mr. Brown can provide invaluable assistance in establishing a local program along with resources for any material that can be given to the public. Individuals can also contact their 24 hour contact number if they are in need of assistance 6. Emporia Mayor Jon Geitz P.O. Box 928 Emporia, KS 66801 620-343-4250 http://www.emporia-kansas.gov/index.php/city-commission Explanation: As the Mayor of Emporia, Mr. Geitz has a large voice in local budgetary concerns and could vote for expansion or creation of programs that help local residents in the area of mental health and suicide prevention 7. Emporia City Manager Mark McAnarney 313 W 4th Ave. Emporia, KS 66801 620-340-6300 FINDING PARTNERS 4 http://www.emporia-kansas.gov/index.php/city-officials Explanation: Emporia City Manager Mr. McAnarney could be a top tier contact for city wide venues or permits for having town hall type meetings to get the message out to the community of the importance in recognizing mental health, suicide prevention, and removing the stigma associated with seeking help. The William Allen White Auditorium is a perfect venue for a large town gathering as it has a seating capacity of 5,000. 8. Emporia Chief of Police Scott Cronk 518 Mechanic Street Emporia, KS 66801 620-343-4200 http://police.emporia-kansas.gov/ Explanation: Although the local police officers do not necessarily have the proper training to deal with mental health or suicidal individuals, the police department with Mr. Cronk in command can provide training to his officers on ensuring the proper medical staff are contacted in a timely matter. 9. Emporia Mental Health Center (CrossWinds) CEO Rob Runquist 1000 Lincoln Street Emporia, KS 66801 620-343-2211 https://crosswindsks.org/ Explanation: As a local mental health facility, CrossWinds would be an invaluable partner in providing information for hand-outs as well as business cards for those who may not feel like they can talk to just anyone about their issues. 10. Newman Regional Health CEO Robert Wright 1201 W. 12th Ave. Emporia, KS 66801 620-343-6800 http://www.newmanrh.org/ Explanation: Newman Regional Health is the only hospital in the local area and can provide limited medical assistance to those with mental health issues or suicide survivors; however, they can be instrumental in getting patients connected with the doctors over at CrossWinds 11. Emporia Chamber of Commerce 719 Commercial Street Emporia, KS 66801 620-342-1600 https://emporiakschamber.org/ FINDING PARTNERS 5 Explanation: The Emporia Chamber of Commerce can request that local businesses have readily available material within their stores on the importance of seeking treatment for mental health or if someone is feeling suicidal. 12. Emporia Rotary Club President Stuart Symmonds 1801 Rural Street Emporia, KS 66801 620-342-0343 http://rotaryemporia.com/ Explanation: The Emporia Rotary Club is connected with all local businesses and the affluent residents within the City of Emporia. The Rotary Club can greatly assist in organizing fundraisers in order to provide financial assistance for the lower income, training, informational pamphlets, etc. 13. Lyon County State Bank CEO Tom Thompson 1202 Industrial Road Emporia, KS 66801 620-342-3523 https://mylcsb.com/ Explanation: As a financial institution, Lyon County State Bank can assist in raising funds for the local community informational program 14. Emporia State University President Allison D. Garrett 1 Kellogg Circle Emporia, KS 66801 620-341-1200 https://www.emporia.edu/ Explanation: As the President of the local college, Mrs. Garrett can institute new programs on campus to bring awareness on mental health, suicide prevention, and bullying 15. Bethel Baptist Church Brother Joe Tuttle 1300 W. 12th Ave. Emporia, KS 66801 620-342-7036 http://www.bethelbaptistemporia.org/ Explanation: Although Brother Joe is a Baptist pastor, he could be a great person to have for those who would like to turn to faith for someone to talk to, even if they aren’t religious FINDING PARTNERS 6 References Kite, A. (2017, December 04). Senators Jerry Moran, John McCain introduce bill to reform veterans’ health care. Retrieved December 10, 2017, from http://cjonline.com/news/stategovernment/local/2017-12-04/senators-jerry-moran-john-mccain-introduce-bill-reform# Running head: POPULATIONS AFFECTED BY MENTAL ILLNESS/SUICIDE Populations Affected by Mental Illness/Suicide XXX BIO201 – Public Health and the Environment Colorado State University – Global Campus XXX December 17, 2017 1 POPULATIONS AFFECTED BY MENTAL ILLNESS/SUICIDE Populations Affected by Mental Illness/Suicide According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIH), one in every five American adults experience mental illness (NIH, 2015). With this in mind, the need for greater outreach and services need to be made available for those seeking assistance. Although mental illness is not a precursor of suicide or intentional self-harm, it can play an integral part. The City of Emporia and the State of Kansas have seen an upward trend in the amount of suicides or attempted suicides over the past few decades. According to the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention (AFSP), in 2017 the State of Kansas ranked 19th in the nation on most suicides, with suicide being the 10th most cause of death in the state equating to the death of one individual every 18 hours (AFSP, 2017). All ratings are based on the state population rate per 100,000 residents. Suicide Rates Within Kansas The State of Kansas has seen a steady increase in the number of successful suicides since 1990, even when the state population has decreased. Data provided by the Kansas Department of Health and Environment (KDHE) shows over the past 26 years, the number of suicides has risen, on average, 1.03% per annum (KDHE, 2016). As of 2016, the demographic that is most likely to commit suicide is a white male, aged between 25-44 years old, which could be expected as whites account for 86.65% of the state population with 26% of males falling into this age group (World Population Review, 2016). Although there is clear data representing the most likely demographic, mental illness and the desire to commit suicide does not discriminate based on age, race, gender, income, or sexual orientation. The factors leading up to the suicide of an individual are so widespread that it merely impossible to collect data on since suicides can occur without prior warning signs and without the individual leaving behind a statement. 2 POPULATIONS AFFECTED BY MENTAL ILLNESS/SUICIDE Suicide Rates Within My Community Since my community is rather small, the data available online is extremely limited on rates of mental illness and suicide. The county Emporia, Kansas is located is Lyon County with Emporia being the largest city. Within Lyon County, the death rate per 100,000 is 10.4 which is lower than state (15.9) and national averages (13.3); however, shows an upward trend (Kansas Health Matters, 2016). The demographics in my community are 75% white and 49% male; however, I am unable to find specific data on Emporia, KS or Lyon County on the breakdown of most susceptible for committing suicide or those with mental health issues. Conclusion There are numerous organizations at local, state, regional, and national levels that attempt to educate the public and provide training on mental illness and suicide prevention. Suicide is a very personal choice and the warning signs are not always there. It is up to society to continue to educate, starting at a very young age, about the importance of self-worth, anti-bullying, and asking for help when it is needed. The negative stigma related to seeking assistance needs to be dissolved, especially for those who live in small or tightknit communities. Communities must come together and encourage those hiding in the shadows that there is help. If someone is outwardly displaying signs of distress or depression, engage them and inquire on whether they need someone to talk to. Sometimes it is something as simple as lending an open ear or getting that encouragement to seek help. Although the statistics show for Kansas that the most at-risk individual is a white male between 25-44, that is mainly due to the fact that the state population is mostly white, and half are male. Mental illness and suicide is not limited to a specific demographic based on age, race, gender, income, or sexual orientation. 3 POPULATIONS AFFECTED BY MENTAL ILLNESS/SUICIDE References AFSP.org. (2017). State Fact Sheets – Kansas. Retrieved December 15, 2017, from https://wwwafsp.org/about-suicide/state-fact-sheets/#Kansas Kansas Department of Health and Environment. (2016, March 31). Death Statistics. Retrieved December 15, 2017, from http://kic.kdheks.gov/death_new.php#top Kansas Health Matters. (n.d.). All Data. Retrieved December 17, 2017, from http://www.kansashealthmatters.org/index.php?module=indicators&controller=index&ac tion=dashboard&id=83016910716824036&card=0&localeId=995 World Population Review. (2016). Kansas Population. Retrieved, December 17, 2017, from http://worldpopulationreview.com/states/kansas-population/ National Institute of Mental Health. (2015). Any Mental Illness (AMI) Among U.S. Adults. Retrieved December 16, 2017, from http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statitics/prevalence/any-mental-illness-ami-amongadults.shtml 4 Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Annotated Bibliography Name Institution Affiliation 1 ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 2 Chesney, E., Goodwin, G. M., & Fazel, S. (2014). Risks of All Cause and Suicide Mortality In Mental Disorders: A Meta Review. World Psychiatry, 13(2), 153-160. The article focuses specifically on the systematic reviews, which were done to determine the significant risks of the causes of suicide mortality which exist in the mental disorders. From the research, different mental disorders were found to have potential influence that increased risks within the population in the community compared to other causes such smoking. The majorly affected individuals were using substances as well as anorexia nervosa, which led to higher mortality rates within the community. Additionally, the life expectancy was also reduced with notable gaps due to increased cases of depression, personality and bipolar disorders that have raised the level suicide risks. These have been acquired from the Global burden of disease where they have suggested the possibility of the abnormal rise of such cases within the population of the world. Swanson, J. W., McGinty, E. E., Fazel, S., & Mays, V. M. (2015). Mental illness and reduction of gun violence and suicide: bringing epidemiologic research to policy. Annals of epidemiology, 25(5), 366-376. The article describes some of the evidence on epidemiologic concerns on the risks associated with suicide and gun violence related to the psychiatric disorders. Further, it enumerates on the perceptions on the harmfulness of mental illness of people by evaluating the effectiveness of the laws as well as the policies, which are design in the protection of injuries caused by mortalities that have an association with the disorders of mental. Through the research, a suggestion is made on accounts, which can also contribute to medical illness and its relation to violence that in turn may increase the possibility of suicide. The article is essential in providing appropriate guidelines in ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 3 making policies in an interface of prevention of abuse and mental illness of epidemiological data for improvement of fairness in the initiatives. Liu, N. H., Daumit, G. L., Dua, T., Aquila, R., Charlson, F., Cuijpers, P., ... & Gaebel, W. (2017). Excess mortality in persons with severe mental disorders: a multilevel intervention framework and priorities for clinical practice, policy and research agendas. World Psychiatry, 16(1), 30-40. The article discusses the possibility of more mortality in people having or affected with mental disorders in one of the public health challenge that warrants action. Further, it determines the scope and the number of tested intercessions in a region and to implement programmes, which improve the occurrence of mental illness. The interventions depict the causes of other limited risk factors that are used in highlighting the excess mortality within their level of socio-environment. This model assists in describing a comprehensive approach that may be essential for the design and evaluation of ations to reduce the occurrence of the surplus mortality among people with the case has affected the individual. Goodkind, M., Eickhoff, S. B., Oathes, D. J., Jiang, Y., Chang, A., Jones-Hagata, L. B., ... & Grieve, S. M. (2015). Identification of a common neurobiological substrate for mental illness. JAMA Psychiatry, 72(4), 305-315. This article establishes psychiatric diagnosis which is currently in regards to mental illness by basing the occurrence of symptoms. The similarities are then applied across the variety of diagnosis through clinical and genetic for neurobiological issues, which may be existing as the cause of mental illness. Moreover, there are studies which have been done on meta-analysis in determining the multiple psychiatric diagnoses. The article is ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 4 essential in identifying a concordance existing across the diagnoses of psychiatric about function deficits in affected individuals. Further, the concordance assists in providing an organization model which demonstrates the importance neutral substrates of psychopathology associated with the components of mental illness. Corrigan, P. W., Druss, B. G., & Perlick, D. A. (2014). The impact of mental illness stigma on seeking and participating in mental health care. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 15(2), 37-70. The article states that treatment of mental illness through development has been successfully tested to reduce the disabilities and the symptoms associated with it. Thus, individuals who are distressed by the illness often look for the services or engage in the need to reduce or prevent. However, it has been found that one of the factors which may impede the possibility of seeking care has been impacted by the stigma of mental illness. The complex elements which relate to stigma are reviewed to determine the impact on care management of the situation by understanding the policy consideration to tackle stigmatization of the illness for improved engagement in treatment. This article is essential to determine as well as understand the significance of literacy on mental illness awareness and treatment options through health network providers with their resources for management. Henderson, C., Evans-Lacko, S., & Thornicroft, G. (2013). Mental illness stigma, help-seeking, and public health programs. American journal of public health, 103(5), 777-780. The article describes that globally individuals with mental illness receive little attention for the treatment provided by the staff of health care. There are much evidence which suggests the factors which have led to the increase as well as the likelihood of the ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 5 avoidance or delay of treatment of the condition. One of them is a possibility of lack of knowledge within the healthcare workers to determine the mental illness features. Another one is the ignorance established on the need or how to access the treatment and existing prejudice against individuals who have a mental illness. Lastly is the discrimination which may be experienced by the people diagnosed with the condition of mental illness. This article will be essential the in reviewing the proof presented on a large scale for anti-stigma campaigns which could be useful in reducing the rates of suicide within the community. Vigo, D., Thornicroft, G., & Atun, R. (2016). Estimating the true global burden of mental illness. The Lancet Psychiatry, 3(2), 171-178. This article states the burden experienced in the global by the mental illness in determining the examination of underestimated reasons for identifying the various causes of the condition. One of them is the overlap found between the neurological disorder and the psychiatric. Another one is the suicide grouping of self-harm, which exists as a separate grouping and conflation of all chronic pain in the syndromes having musculoskeletal disorders. Lastly is the personality exclusion of disorder from the burden of the disease is calculated and considerations which are inadequate in contributing to mental illness from the causes it is associated with to mortality. Similarly, data were used to display the estimates of the above examinations to identify the current approaches to mental disease within a population. Milner, A., Page, A., & Lamontagne, A. D. (2014). Cause And Effect In Studies On Unemployment, Mental Health, And Suicide: A Meta-Analytic And Conceptual Review. Psychological medicine, 44(5), 909-917. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 6 This article addresses the question of whether unemployment has the effects on the causes of suicide or is related to the experiences of the past mental illness in individuals. The review determines the substantial impacts in the adjustment for psychological health and significant relationship, which exist between suicide and unemployment rate. A random meta-analysis effect was used to evaluate a given population to determine the behavior causal models expected in achieving the result of mental health of the selected people. There was an association of the risk prevalence between the unemployment and the rate of suicide. These effects are explicitly experienced due to difficulty in the validation of adjustable rationale encountered through the assumption of the affected individuals to complement the fact of being unemployed. This article will be vital to determining the relationship between unemployment and suicide in regards to prior mental health capabilities. Whiteford, H. A., Degenhardt, L., Rehm, J., Baxter, A. J., Ferrari, A. J., Erskine, H. E., ... & Burstein, R. (2013). Global Burden Of Disease Attributable To Mental And Substance Use Disorders: Findings From The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2010. The Lancet, 382(9904), 1575-1586. The article determines the data presented by the Global Burden Diseases on injuries based on various risk factors attributable to mental disorders. Further, the substance use disorder was part of the systematic review through the use of epidemiological data to estimate the adjustable burdens for individuals taking part in the study. As a result, a large number of accountable disorders of substance as well as mental health from the findings. The rate of depressive disorders was among the leading causes with bipolar and ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 7 others being the least. The article assists in determining the statistical facts on the cases related to the mental health risks and results of the outcome in mental health care. Patel, V., Chisholm, D., Parikh, R., Charlson, F. J., Degenhardt, L., Dua, T., ... & Lund, C. (2016). Addressing The Burden Of Mental, Neurological, And Substance Use Disorders: Critical Messages From Disease Control Priorities. The Lancet, 387(10028), 1672-1685. This article discusses how the burden of neurological, mental and substance use disorders have increased from the 1990s to late 2000s, which have accounted for a significant loss of health worldwide. The statistics are taken into account on the excess mortality related to the disorder with consequences to economic and social effects to the people affected. Besides, a variety of interventions initiated such as psychological treatments and other social interventions would be crucial to prevent as well as treat the collective mental illness. Additionally, the population of the community requires service delivery with relevant practices to reduce the chances of self-harm or possibility of suicide from taking place. The article is essential in demonstrating the best ways to tackle the issue of mental health care services and practices in management and treatment to the affected individuals. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 8 References Chesney, E., Goodwin, G. M., & Fazel, S. (2014). Risks of All Cause and Suicide Mortality In Mental Disorders: A Meta Review. World Psychiatry, 13(2), 153-160. Corrigan, P. W., Druss, B. G., & Perlick, D. A. (2014). The impact of mental illness stigma on seeking and participating in mental health care. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 15(2), 37-70 Goodkind, M., Eickhoff, S. B., Oathes, D. J., Jiang, Y., Chang, A., Jones-Hagata, L. B., ... & Grieve, S. M. (2015). Identification of a common neurobiological substrate for mental illness. JAMA Psychiatry, 72(4), 305-315. Henderson, C., Evans-Lacko, S., & Thornicroft, G. (2013). Mental illness stigma, help-seeking, and public health programs. American journal of public health, 103(5), 777-780. Liu, N. H., Daumit, G. L., Dua, T., Aquila, R., Charlson, F., Cuijpers, P., ... & Gaebel, W. (2017). Excess mortality in persons with severe mental disorders: a multilevel intervention framework and priorities for clinical practice, policy and research agendas. World Psychiatry, 16(1), 30-40. Milner, A., Page, A., & Lamontagne, A. D. (2014). Cause And Effect In Studies On Unemployment, Mental Health, And Suicide: A Meta-Analytic And Conceptual Review. Psychological medicine, 44(5), 909-917. Patel, V., Chisholm, D., Parikh, R., Charlson, F. J., Degenhardt, L., Dua, T., ... & Lund, C. (2016). Addressing The Burden Of Mental, Neurological, And Substance Use Disorders: Critical Messages From Disease Control Priorities. The Lancet, 387(10028), 1672-1685. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Swanson, J. W., McGinty, E. E., Fazel, S., & Mays, V. M. (2015). Mental illness and reduction of gun violence and suicide: bringing epidemiologic research to policy. Annals of epidemiology, 25(5), 366-376. Vigo, D., Thornicroft, G., & Atun, R. (2016). Estimating the true global burden of mental illness. The Lancet Psychiatry, 3(2), 171-178. Whiteford, H. A., Degenhardt, L., Rehm, J., Baxter, A. J., Ferrari, A. J., Erskine, H. E., ... & Burstein, R. (2013). Global Burden Of Disease Attributable To Mental And Substance Use Disorders: Findings From The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2010. The Lancet, 382(9904), 1575-1586. 9 
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