*I have included the text book reference below. The Democratic Peace: Fact or Fad Prepare: Read the Conclusion in the course text. Reflect: The Conclusion in the course text examines several explanations to account for the empirically well-supported phenomenon of the democratic peace. According to nearly all research conducted on this topic, established democracies do not fight other strong democracies. Each of the theoretical perspectives we have investigated offer different reasons as to why and how this occurs. For example, the realist perspective suggests that the democratic peace is a result of the fact that democracies often belong to the same alliances or that they are able to effectively balance power, thereby decreasing the need for war. The identity perspective proposes that democracies are inherently peaceful or that they are bound together by common norms, values, and ideas. The liberal perspective argues that democracies do not fight other democracies because of the high levels of trade between them, the fact that they belong to common institutions, or the possibility that they possess superior negotiating skills that allow them to deftly avoid war. Examining this fascinating phenomenon of international relations enables us to apply many valuable, relevant concepts and theories of international relations. The democratic peace and the concepts used to explain it are indeed valuable tools that allow us to expand our understanding of global politics and enlarge our overall political science knowledge base. Write: In your initial post of at least 200 words, answer the following: Which international relations theoretical perspective offers the strongest (and weakest) explanations for the democratic peace? Why? Will the democratic peace be a long-lasting phenomenon? Why or why not? In response to the democratic peace, should U.S. foreign policy encourage the spread of democracy? If so, how? Conclusion Text Book Perspectives on International Relations, 5th Edition Henry R. Nau APA Citation: Nau, H. R. (2017). Perspectives on international relations: Power, institutions, and ideas (5th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: CQ Press.

Submit by 2359 (CT) Saturday at the close of Module 3. Name Date: Overview: “Information Retrieval Paper - Part 1” This Module you will begin to develop an Information Retrieval Paper. This Assignment focuses on identifying appropriate evidence-based nursing practices related to specific problems you may identify as you work in the healthcare/workplace setting. The goals of an Information Retrieval Paper are to (1) practice using APA format, (2) summarize and examine the strengths and limitations of research articles, and (3) prepare you for the Nursing Research Course where you will write a research paper using the skills you have learned completing this Information Retrieval Paper. As a part of your Information Retrieval Paper, you will begin development of a research question using PICO format. Chapter 10 of the Role Development text book explains PICO. Be sure to develop your research question and then just below your research question delineate what the P, I, C, and O components of your question are. For this Module 3 Assignment you will prepare a Title Page in proper APA format for your Information Retrieval Paper, identify three peer-reviewed articles, and summarize each article using APA format. It may be helpful to look at the outline for the entire paper before you begin this Module’s Assignment. Assignments in this Module plus in Module 4 and 5 will address the Information Retrieval Paper. Resources APA Module* http://isites.harvard.edu/icb/icb.do?keyword=apa_exposed (This is also printable. Follow instructions in the tutorial.) Scholarly Writing Tips* (*Available in the Resource section of this module) MS Word Tutorial for Beginners: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a_ddFubJ3tc Choose the tutorials you need. Review your course readings, lecture, and your Module 2 Resources before completing this module’s Assignment. Performance Objectives Identify a clinical problem in your workplace setting.Develop an appropriate research question using PICO criteria and format.Summarize 3 peer-reviewed, evidence-based articles/literature related to your clinical problem and research question.Use correct grammar, punctuation, and APA format expected in writing professional papers. Rubric and PICO Format Use this rubric to guide work on the Module 3 assignment, “Information Retrieval Paper, Part 1.” Research question must be stated in PICO format. See Chapter 10 of the Role Development textbook for the formatting. Be sure to address all four PICO components of the question. Task ê Accomplished Proficient Needs Improvement Part 1: Problem Identification Research Question Rationale for Question Must be constructed in the PICO format. (Total 40 points) Identifies a clinical problem in the workplace that would be under a nurse’s control. (15 points) Question is stated in PICO format. Problem, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcome is clearly stated. (15 points) Clearly explains a rationale for the selection of a research question.(10 points) Identifies a clinical problem in the workplace but it is not under the control of a nurse (8 points) Question is stated in PICO format but problem, intervention, comparator, and/or outcome is not clearly stated. (12 points) Rationale is not clearly stated for the selection of a research question. (8 points) Does not clearly identify a clinical problem in the workplace. (2 points) Did not use PICO format at all when delineating the research question but does state a research question. (5 points) Provides no rationale for the selection of a research question.(0 points) Part 2: Title Page Components using UT Arlington College of Nursing Title Page Format (Total 10 points) Develops title page components in College of Nursing Title Page Format using APA format with no errors. (10 points) Develops title page components in APA format with no more than 3 errors. (7 points) Does not use College of Nursing Title Page Format or creates title page with more than 3 errors. (0 pts) Part 3: APA References and Summaries Summarize peer-reviewed, evidence-based literature related to a clinical problem. (Total 25 points) Use correct grammar, punctuation, and American Psychological Association (APA) format in writing professional papers. (Total 25 points) Clearly and concisely summarizes 3 professional, peer-reviewed articles that address a research question. (25 points) No errors in APA formatting including grammar, spelling, headings, etc. (25 points) Summarizes 3 professional, peer-reviewed articles that address a research question. However, summaries are not clearly stated leading to confusion of the article addressed. (20 points) 1-5 APA formatting errors including grammar, spelling, headings, etc. (20 points) Summarizes 2 or less professional, peer-reviewed articles that address a research question.(15 points) 6 or more errors in APA formatting including grammar, spelling, headings, etc. (10 points) Preview of Information Retrieval Paper Criteria In this module’s assignment, you will take the initial steps in composing an Information Retrieval Paper that you will complete during Part B of the course. Because the paper will be submitted in sections, may want to look at the entire paper in the table below. APA Format Elements Timeline Title Page in APA format Completion Timeline APA format Citations in the body of the paper Headings Applicable each time sections are submitted Writing style Grammar Spelling Paragraphs of at least three well-written sentences Organization and flow Applicable each time sections are submitted Content Criteria Timeline Introduction: Identification of clinical problem in a workplace setting Research question stated correctly PICO format Rationale for question To Be Completed Module 3 Summary of 3 peer-reviewed articles Overview: Where did you search? How did you decide on the 3 articles? 3 article summaries To Be Completed Module 3 Critical Analysis Completeness of analysis To Be Completed Module 4 Conclusion Synthesis of key points for the 3 articles To Be Completed Module 5 Reference Page Alphabetized Sources cited in APA format References complete To Be Completed Module 5 Part 1: Research Problem and Question using PICO Format A.In the space below, identify the clinical problem in the workplace setting that will serve as the focus of your information retrieval paper. Make sure that the problem is one that would be under your complete control as a nurse. Clinical Problem (Type in box below) Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in Hospitalized Patient. C B. In the space below, compose a preliminary research question about the clinical problem that you identified in the workplace. Use this criteria in composing a preliminary research question: - Question must relate to a clinical problem in the workplace. - Question cannot be answered with a simple yes or no. - The issue to be studied is under your complete control as a nurse. - The question is open ended. Delineate the PICO components of your question. State your question Then under the question P (problem) = I (intervention) = C (comparator) = O (outcome) = Preliminary Research Question and Identified PICO Criteria (Type in box below) Problem: Catheter related to Urinary Tract Infection Intervention: urinalysis or urine culture is a test that done to look for the red blood cells, white blood cells and bacteria. For effective intervention, it is important to test for chemicals such as nitrites in urine. This test is important since can diagnose the infection. Comparator: the clinician need to interfere to find out if the infection has spread to the kidneys or is just in the bladder. The patient must take antibiotic as a way of preventing the infection from spreading to the kidneys. Outcome: in a successive treatment, the infection symptoms will go away within 24-48 hours. However, if you have kidney infection, it can take a week or longer. Compose a rationale that explains why you chose the research question. (Type in box below) Rationale for Selecting the Research Question (Type in box below) I chose this research question because nurses too often fail to give proper care to patient who confine to an indwelling Foley catheter. urinary tract infection is a significant disease that can harm the whole urinary track if not catch on time and treat adequately. Also, because I believe UTI is preventable. Thus, urinary tract infection is a sensitive issue that needs to be focus on. After completing this portion of the Assignment, go to this module’s Discussion, and follow the directions for sharing your research question. After receiving feedback from your colleagues, revise your research question, if necessary, in the space provided. Revised Research Question (Type in box below) Complete after participating in the Module 3 Discussion. Type your revised Research Question in the box provided below.“What interventions can be done to decrease the risk of UTI related infections in patients with Foley catheters?" Part 2: Title Page Components In this part of the Assignment, you will record the parts of the title page for your Information Retrieval Paper by typing into the text boxes in the graphic organizer that follows the instructions chart. Content Criteria Section or Section Title Description How-To and Tips Use APA: The Easy Way, Second Edition. 1” margins all aroundFont – Times New Roman, 12 ptDouble-spaced See APA: The Easy Way for formatting of paper.Professional grammar, spelling, and punctuation, and paragraphs composed of at least 3 well-written sentences eachSelect File – Page Setup…Select Format – Font…Select Format – Paragraph…Select View – Header and Footer... See “Scholarly Writing Tips” (Refer to the MS Word “Help and How To” links if you need help with any of these tasks.) The short title should be in upper- and lower-case, or “Title Case.” Entire paper Just below Header, include a “running head” as shown below, left-justified: (Replace “CAPITALIZED ABBREVIATED TITLE” with an abbreviated version of your paper’s title.)Title in upper half of page, centered, upper- & lower-cased letters (Title Case)Title is content of unique paper, not assignment title.Submitted by, Student name, RNThe following information centered, 1-2 inches from the bottom of the page: (Fill in course, faculty details.) Running head: CAPITALIZED ABBREVIATED TITLE In partial fulfillment of the requirements of Course name and number Faculty name, credentials Submission date APA: The Easy Way. Second Edition, Pages 7 & 48. The running head appears only on the title page, and includes the words “Running head.” You can access the complete UTA directions and an example title page at http://www.uta.edu/nursing/APAFormat.pdf Your finished Title Page should resemble the Title Page right after this grid. See next page. Title Page: UT Arlington College of Nursing Format Running head: CATHETER RELATED UTI 1 In partial fulfillment of requirements of Course name and number Faculty name and credentials Submission date Part 3: APA References and Summaries Select three peer-reviewed, evidence-based articles that address your research question.Compose an overview about your choice of the three articles. Answer these questions:Where did you search for articles?How did you decide what articles to include? Post references to the three articles in APA format.Summarize the article and how it addresses your research question. Overview Where did you search for articles? How did you decide what articles to include? I searched the articles on the internet. I decided what the articles to include basing on the clarity and relevance of the information contained in such articles. In my research, I was looking for professionally, scholarly and educational nature of the article. Article 1 In the space below, post the reference for the first article in correct APA format. O’sullivan, D.J. Fitzgerald, M.G., Meynell, M.J., & Malins, J. M. (2014). Urinary Tract Infection. British medical journal, 1(5228), 786. In the space below, write a summary paragraph in APA format. Use scholarly writing to describe the article, the decision-making process you used to select the article, and how it addresses your research question. Use professional writing style. The urinary tract infection is an infection that involves the ureters, kidneys, bladder and urethra. Any part of the urinary system can become infected. The farther up the urinary tract the infection is located, the more serious the infection can be. The UTI is more common in adults than in children. However, about 2% - 3% of the children get the urinary tract infection. Article 2 In the space below, post the reference for the second article in correct APA format. Lee, J.B., & Neild, G.H. (2013. Urinary tract infection. Medicine, 35(8), 435-456. In the space below, write a summary paragraph in APA format. Use scholarly writing to describe the article, the decision-making process you used to select the article, and how it addresses your research question. Use professional writing style. The symptoms of the urinary tract infections can either be complicated or uncomplicated. Uncomplicated infections can occur in health person and they are caused by Escherichia coli. On the other hand, the complicated infections are associated with functional, anatomical, or metabolic abnormalities of the urinary tract. Article 3 In the space below, post the reference for the third article in correct APA format. http://www.healthline.com/health/catheter-associat... In the space below, write a summary paragraph in APA format. Use scholarly writing to describe the article, the decision-making process you used to select the article, and how it addresses your research question. Use professional writing style. Ways to prevent catheter related UTI. Proper hands washing before and after handling the catheter; cleaning the catheter and the skin around the catheter every day. In addition, you must drain the drainage bag multiple times per day and keep the drainage bag below the bladder. Also making sure the catheter is not twist, changing out the catheter at least every month. Finally, the catheter must remove when there is no longer a need for it because the unnecessary use of catheters can be a cause for UTI. Submitting Your Assignment: (Save all assignment documents in MS Word 2007 version and later. MS Word 2010 is recommended. Open Office and Office 360 documents are to be saved as MS Word 2010 or Word 2013 before uploading into Blackboard for grading) Click the word Assignment in the Module 3 folder.Click on the words Information Retrieval Paper, Part 1. The assignment submission document will open.Go to 2. Assignment Materials-Submission. Click Browse and navigate to your Desktop where you saved your paper. Select the final version of your paper to upload from your computer.When you’ve selected your paper, click Attach Files and your saved assignment document should appear in the submission box just above the Attach Files button.Click Submit at the bottom of the Assignment Submission screen and your saved document assignment will appear the gradebook with a green exclamation point that alerts your Academic Coach that your assignment is ready for grading.