Description
1) To what extent did trade shape the rise of west African kingdoms?How?What were other factors influenced the emergence of such kingdoms as those in Ghana,Mali,and Songhai?
2)What were the major features of African society and culture prior to contact with European traders?
3)what strategies and resources did enslaved African draw on to endure the traumas of capture,the "middle passage"across the Atlantic, and sale in New World European colonies?
4) How would you characterize the first encounter between colonizing Spaniards and enslaved Africans taken to their colonies?What were some of the possibilities and limits within which African Americans negotiated the terms of their bondage?
Please a minimun of 3 paragraphs per question.

Explanation & Answer

Please let me know if there is anything needs to be changed or added. I will be also appreciated that you can let me know if there is any problem or you have not received the work Good luck in your study and if you need any further help in your assignments, please let me know Can you please confirm if you have received the work? Once again, thanks for allowing me to help you R MESSAGE TO STUDYPOOL NO OUTLINE IS NEEDED
Running Head: FEATURES OF AFRICAN SOCIETY AND CULTURE
Features of African society and culture prior to contact with European traders
Name:
Institutional Affiliation:
Date:
1
FEATURES OF AFRICAN SOCIETY AND CULTURE
2
Features of African society and culture before contact with European traders
Trade is shaping the rise of West African kingdoms.
The traditional African society often comprised of kingdoms. The overall division of the
continent into many sections signified the existence of different cultures of people. In the
western parts of the continent, cultures and kingdoms such as Ghana and Mali existed. The rise
of these kingdoms happened for various reasons and factors. The most common factor that
facilitated the emergence of such empires revolved around business activities, subsequently the
most recognized kind of business activities that led to the rise of the kingdoms in that area
consisted of the sale of gold, salt and also ivory. Most West African areas dealt with ivory due to
the existence of a large herd of elephants. At that time, hunting stood out as one of the primary
daily activities that the population engaged itself with on a regular basis. As such, gathering
more ivory from the thick equatorial forests presented no challenges.
With the rise of a wealthy kingdom in the northern sides of Africa, the demand for gold,
salt and ivory rose. Many people started trading in gold which stood out as one of the most
demanded items at that time. On the other hand, the establishment of the trans-Saharan trade also
played a crucial role in shaping the rise of these kingdoms. The trans-Saharan trade thrived
within the area which included empires from the other parts of the continent. As such, due to the
increased number of traders as well as participants in the various business activities, towns grew.
Other than the growth of cities within the area, another major significance that came along
included the rise of a wealthy class of merchants as well as rulers (Shillington, 2012). The ruling
class came about due to the need to regulate...
