Lab Report Requirements for PHYS 101 General Comments Your laboratory report must present a defensible record of what you did during the performance of the experiment. As such, it should be sufficiently detailed and descriptive that you, or someone else, could duplicate your experiment (and hopefully your results) using only the information contained in your laboratory manual and notebook. Your measurements are, within their uncertainties, an accurate record of the way the world was during your experiment. They should never be changed. If your results do not match expectations (a theoretical prediction, for example), they none the less are your results. One of the primary failings of many undergraduate lab reports is that they are confusing and difficult to follow. The report you submit should be like a story: it should move logically from section to section, describing the motivation, the experimental procedure, presenting your results and discussion of them. The Report Regardless of the subject or department the report should consist of the following parts: Cover page (which need not be a separate page) The cover page typically begins with the title of the experiment and the date on which it was performed. It must also include your personal information, that is, your name, Section number, and the name(s) of your lab partner(s). Depending on the experiment, this page may also include a brief abstract consisting of three or four sentences. Body (normally five sections) (1) statement of the goals of the experiment; (2) experimental procedure (how the experiment was done); (3) data and their analysis, including figures, tables, graphs, and sample calculations; (4) conclusions, with evaluation of errors and answers to questions; (5) original data sheets (signed and dated by the instructor). Notes: • Reports are due one week after performance at the beginning of the lab session unless specified otherwise by the instructor. • Reports must be stapled: collections of loose, frayed leaves are not acceptable. • If you are not using a word processor, be sure that the writing is neat and legible. • Observe the rules on significant figures, do not leave out units, and label all graphs and table. Name: Date: HOMEWORK TO ACCOMPANY THE INTRODUCTION TO MOTION EXPERIMENT Based on Sokoloff, D, Thornton, R, Laws, P, 1993, with FIPSE Grant support; edited at Morgan State U., 2013 Position-Time Graphs Answer the following questions in the spaces provided. 1. What do you do to create a horizontal line in a position-time graph? 2. Do you walk toward the sensor or away from it to create a straight line that slopes up? 3. How do you walk to create a straight line that slopes down? 4. How do you move so the graph goes up steeply at first, and then continues up gradually? 5. How do you walk to create a U-shaped graph? Sketch the position-time graph corresponding to each of the following descriptions of the motion of an object. 6..The object moves with a steady (constant) velocity away from the origin. 7..The object is standing still. 8. The object moves with a steady (constant) velocity toward the origin for 5 seconds and then stands still for 5 seconds. 9. The object moves with a steady velocity away from the origin for 5 seconds, then reverses direction and moves at the same speed toward the origin for 5 seconds. 10. The object moves away from the origin, starting slowly and speeding up Velocity-Time Graphs Answer the following questions: 1. How do you move to create a horizontal line in the positive part of a velocity-time graph, as shown to the right? 2. How do you move to create a straight-line velocity-time graph that slopes up from zero, as shown to the right? 3. How do you move to create a straight-line velocity-time graph that slopes down, as shown to the right? 4. How do you move to create a horizontal line in the negative part of a velocity-time graph, as shown to the right? Sketch the velocity-time graph corresponding to each of the following descriptions of the motion of an object. 5.The object is moving away from the origin at a steady (constant) velocity. 6. The object is standing still. 7.The object moves toward the origin at a steady (constant) velocity for 10 seconds, and then stands still for 10 seconds. 8.The object moves away from the origin at a steady (constant) velocity for 10 seconds, reverses direction and moves back toward the origin at the same speed for 10 seconds. 9. a. Draw careful graphs below of position and velocity for a cart that i) moves away from the origin at a constant speed of 0.4 m/s for the first 5 seconds. ii) moves away at 0.8 m/s for the next 5 seconds. iii) stands still for the next 5 seconds. iv) moves toward the origin at 0.4 m/s for the next 5 seconds. v) stands still for the last 5 seconds. b. i) Figure out the total change in position (displacement) of the object. Show your work. Displacement = meters. ii) Figure out the total distance moved. Show your work. Distance moved = meters.
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