Health Educators

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PART 1

Transitioning from health education theory to practice may present certain challenges for health educators. For example, how does a health educator determine what health education theory is best suited for an individual or group?

Consider the scenario:

Harris started smoking at the age of 14 and currently smokes 1 pack of cigarettes a day. Having just turned 21, Harris is experiencing difficulty breathing and is finding that 1 pack of cigarettes is no longer sufficient. Harris has been considering letting smoking go for the past three months. In fact, Harris tried quitting smoking with friends in the past and even tried alternative sources of nicotine, including gum and a patch. Harris also stopped smoking altogether for an entire week last month but found that it only made the problem worse. Harris' desire to keep smoking and in fact to increase the amount of cigarettes smoked has been noticed by his family and friends. Frustrated, Harris is concerned that nothing is working and really wants to change but does not know how.

Post an explanation of how you would apply the HBM to the scenario described. Explain how this theoretical model may assist health educators with program planning and implementation. Be specific and provide examples.

Cottrell, R. R., Girvan, J. T., Seabert, D., Spear, C., & McKenzie, J. F. (2018). Principles and foundations of health promotion and education (7th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Benjamin Cummings.

  • Chapter 4, "Theories and Planning Models"

Part 2

For this Assignment, review the Point Mar Case Study and download the TPB Worksheet Template provided in this week's Learning Resources. Consider how the constructs of the TPB may apply to the health issue and your health education program from the Point Mar Case Study for the Final Project.You will need to fill out the boxes on the TBP worksheet as it pertains to your health issue you selected in week 2 and then respond to "Summarize your experience of completing this activity and explain the value of theoretical applications for health education practice" in narrative/paragraph from. If you cite any information than you must include references for that information in the proper APA format.

  • 1. Complete the worksheet based on the health issue that you selected and the constructs of the TPB.
    Note: Do not select planning models.
  • 2. Summarize your experience of completing this activity and explain the value of theoretical applications for health education practice. (Narrative/paragraph form)
  • Point Mar Case Study

Congratulations! You have been hired by the Vista County Health Department as their new health educator. This county has never had a health educator and is only minimally staffed with three public health nurses, a sanitarian, two community health workers and a physician health officer who all occupy the small public health department to which you are assigned. Your resources are limited as this is a relatively poor county economically. Your public health department is located along the Pacific coast in the southern part of the state. The county has an overall population of approximately 100,000 with the main population center located in the port city of Point Mar. Point Mar has a population of 37,500 while the other five towns in the county have populations ranging from 2,000 to 9,300 and, in addition, there are scattered pockets of people living in many unincorporated areas of the county who are involved in a variety of economic pursuits. The principle sources of income for Vista County are derived from agriculture, commercial shipping, fishing, tourism, and small to medium businesses. The population of Vista County is 43% Caucasian, 33% Hispanic, 12% Asian/Pacific Islander, 10% African American, and 2% American Indian. There has been a recent influx of Southeast Asians into Point Mar and there is a regular Latino migrant farm worker population employed in the County’s agricultural areas. In general, the road systems are adequate to connect all the towns in the county. The distances between towns range from 8–20 miles and all towns and most outlying areas have telephone, electricity, sanitation, and water services. In addition, there are two major newspapers, three radio stations, and one cable television station serving the county. Of these, one newspaper, one radio station, and the cable TV station are located in Point Mar. There are three high schools, four middle schools, and five elementary schools in the county with one-third of the children in the county being bussed into these schools. There are three hospitals in the county with two of these (Vista County Hospital and San Sebastian Regional Medical Center) located in Point Mar. There are also ambulance services, fire and police services, and other governmental agencies serving the entire county. Based on your needs assessment you have identified five potential health issues in the Point Mar community. These include:  Periodic outbreaks of food poisoning among the fast food restaurants serving the beach recreational areas of Point Mar  Increasing levels of childhood obesity associated with adult onset type II diabetes  An increase in TB among Asian immigrants that have moved to the area  An increase in Chlamydia infections among teens in the community  High job-related accident rates among Latino dock workers at the port  An increase in acciden

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TPB Worksheet Directions: Apply your specific identified health issue from the Point Mar Case Study to the constructs below. Fill in each construct box as appropriate by typing in the text boxes. Then, provide your written summary on the template. © 2014 Laureate Education, Inc. Page 1 of 2 Summary: © 2014 Laureate Education, Inc. Page 2 of 2 Running head: HEALTH EDUCATION 1 Tamillia Cherry HLTH 6110 Walden University App 2 HEALTH EDUCATION 2 Health education Increasing levels of childhood obesity associated with adult onset type II diabetes is one of the potential health issues in the Point Mar community. Obesity is defined as excess of fat. Obesity thus occurs when amount of food intake is more that its use. Some of the main cause of obesity in children are; excess food consumption, low physical activity, genetics, metabolic rate, intake of foods with high calorific value and low nutritional value, and community design and policies (Bhadoria et al., 2015). The consequences of child obesity are both physiological and medical. Some of the physiological consequences include; low self-esteem, emotional problems, eating disorders, poor academic performance, and body dissatisfaction. Medical conditions include asthma and type II diabetes (Pulgaron & Delamater, 2014). The prevalence rate of Type II diabetes in obese children is 1%. Research shows that the prevalence rate is on an upward trend. The consequences of type II diabetes include; hypertension, glucose imbalance, nerve damage, heart disease and strokes, kidney disease, and foot problems (Reinehr, 2013). The issue of child obesity is thus important to the health education profession as it is preventable through primary prevention although it has disastrous consequences as seen above. Primary preventive care can be used to deal with risk factors of obesity such as; excess food consumption, low physical activity, intake of foods with high calorific value and low nutritional value, and community design and policies. For the Point Mar community, the obesity health education and prevention program will deal with the above risk factors. Children’s food intake and care is mainly influenced by their parents, school and community. The program will thus focus on creating awareness on the above groups and also HEALTH EDUCATION 3 installing good health practices among the children. The first phase of the education program will target parents. The education program will aim at showing parents the negative consequences of obesity and showing them ways in which they can change their home menus and influence the intake of food by their children. The parents will also be shown ways in which they can encourage their children to carry out outdoor or in door physical activities. Parents will also be encouraged to allow their children to walk or cycle to school other than just taking the bus. The second phase of the program will be targeted at schools and the point Mar community. The program will aim at encouraging schools to create programs that encourage children to carry out physical activities and also to create a school feeding program that is mostly composed of healthy foods. Teachers will also be shown ways within which they can encourage and assist children with obesity to take up physical activities while at the same time deal with the psychological effects. School will be imparted with the knowledge that they can increase performance by reducing cases of obesity. The local community will also be included in the health educational program to reduce cases of obesity. The community will be encouraged to carry out physical activities such as cycling or running thereby encouraging the children to take up the same. The third phase of the program will target the children. Children will be educated about healthy foods and non-healthy foods, and encouraged to consume healthy foods. They children also be shown fun games that involve physical activities. Children will also be taught on how they can positively encourage their fellow obese classmates to carry out physical activities and eat healthy. The program is expected to be continuous so as to ensure obesity is reduced in the Point Mar Community. HEALTH EDUCATION 4 References Cottrell, R. R., Girvan, J. T., Seabert, D., Spear, C., & McKenzie, J. F. (2018). Principles and foundations of health promotion and education (7th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Benjamin Cummings. Bhadoria, A., Sahoo, K., Sahoo, B., Choudhury, A., Sufi, N., & Kumar, R. (2015). Childhood obesity: Causes and consequences. Journal Of Family Medicine And Primary Care, 4(2), 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2249-4863.154628 Pulgaron, E., & Delamater, A. (2014). Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in Children: Epidemiology and Treatment. Current Diabetes Reports, 14(8). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11892-014-0508-y Reinehr, T. (2013). Type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents. World Journal Of Diabetes, 4(6), 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v4.i6.270
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Explanation & Answer

See attached

TPB Worksheet
Directions: Apply your specific identified health issue from the Point Mar Case Study to the constructs below. Fill in each construct box
as appropriate by typing in the text boxes. Then, provide your written summary on the template.

© 2014 Laureate Education, Inc.

Page 1 of 3

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Child’s attitude towards a
healthy lifestyle( regular
exercising and consumption of
healthy foods)

-

Child’s attitude towards obesity
and the risk of Type 2 diabetes

-Parents, teachers and peers
attitudes towards a healthy
lifestyle (regular exercising and
consumption of healthy foods).
-

-

To have a healthy body

-

Regular exercising and eating
of healthy foods.

Parents, teachers and peers
attitudes towards obesity and
the risk of Type 2 diabetes

-

-

Child’s perceived ease in
carrying out regular
exercise and eating healthy
Child’s perceived ease in
obtaining healthy foods,
and or finding a place to
exercise regulary.

© 2014 Laureate Education, Inc.

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