A5.1: Active Learning Assignment 5.1 - Identity

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Option 4:

Several artists created multiple self-portraits. Select three self-portraits by the same artist and study them closely.

  1. What are the differences between the three selections?
  2. What was the artist exploring or conveying in each example?
  3. How did this assignment help to reinforce concepts in this chapter of the textbook? (Refer to required readings and supplementary material in your submission and include citations when appropriate.)

You may select an artist or use one from the suggested list below:

  • Sofonisba Anguissola
  • Albrecht Dürer
  • Rembrandt
  • Élisabeth-Louise Vigée-Lebrun
  • Francisco Goya
  • Vincent van Gogh
  • Paul Gauguin
  • Pablo Picasso
  • Frida Kahlo
  • Andy Warhol
  • Lucian Freud

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4/12/2017 PART 4 THEMES Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art Copyright © 2015 Thames & Hudson Chapter 4.10 Identity , Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Introduction  Personal identity became a central issue for artists during the late twentieth century  Artists question common assumptions about identity  Consider individual experience beyond labels and stereotypes Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields Chapter 4.10 Identity , Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Self-Portraits  Maker and the subject are the same  Provide a physical likeness  Tell us about the artist’s personality, experiences, or choices  Can reference the artist in indirect or abstract ways Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields 1 4/12/2017 Artwork: Rembrandt van Rijn, Self-portrait with Saskia […] 4.10.1 Rembrandt van Rijn, Self-portrait with Saskia in the Scene of the Prodigal Son in the Tavern, c. 1635. Oil on canvas, 5’3⅜” × 4’3⅝”. Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, Dresden, Germany Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Rembrandt, Self-portrait with Saskia […]  Rembrandt produced more than 90 self-portraits over 40 years  Reflect changes in appearance and artistic style  Artists takes many guises, e.g. the prodigal son from the biblical story  Barmaid is modeled on his wife Saskia Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields Artwork: van Gogh, Self-portrait with Bandaged Ear and Pipe 4.10.2 Vincent van Gogh, Self-portrait with Bandaged Ear and Pipe, 1889. Oil on canvas, 25¼ × 19¾”. Private collection 2 4/12/2017 Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Vincent van Gogh, Self-portrait […]  While Van Gogh lived in the south of France, he had an argument with his close friend Paul Gauguin  He then cut off part of his own ear  Restrained but nervous lines and bold, contrasting colors express the agitation he experienced during the episode Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES To learn about another artwork by Vincent van Gogh, watch this video of a MoMA lecturer talking about Starry Night: MoMA Video: Vincent van Gogh, Starry Night Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES To find out more about the life and work of Vincent van Gogh, watch: Video: Vincent van Gogh in His Own Words Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields 3 4/12/2017 Artwork: Frida Kahlo, The Two Fridas 4.10.3 Frida Kahlo, The Two Fridas, 1939. Oil on canvas, 5’8” × 5’8”. Museo de Arte Moderno, Mexico City, Mexico Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Frida Kahlo, The Two Fridas  Depicts the artist’s mixed cultural background (Mexican/German)  Turbulent relationship with her husband, Diego Rivera  Sensitive emotional content  Holds a small picture of Rivera  Tries to stop the flow of blood  Hearts outside of the bodies Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields Artwork: Cindy Sherman, Untitled Film Still #35 4.10.4 Cindy Sherman, Untitled Film Still #35, 1979. Black and white photograph, 10 × 8”. MoMA, New York 4 4/12/2017 Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Cindy Sherman, Untitled Film Still #35  Sherman plays the roles of stereotyped women from imagined 1950s films  69 photographs in the series  Impact of feminism: highlights previously narrow representations Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Perspectives on Art: Cindy Sherman  Images of role models from childhood, such as Italian actress Sophia Loren  Became so clichéd, she stopped making these images after 3 years  Realized she had to be very specific: that’s what makes people unique Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields Chapter 4.10 Identity , Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Feminist Critique  In the West, women had largely been excluded from the art world  1960s–1970s feminists efforts:  Expanded the subject matter of art  Made it more relevant to women’s issues  More works made by women included in museums and galleries Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields 5 4/12/2017 Artwork: Judy Chicago, The Dinner Party 4.10.5 Judy Chicago, The Dinner Party, 1974–79. Installation view showing Georgia O’Keeffe placesetting. Embroidery on linen and china paint on porcelain, entire work 48 × 48’. Brooklyn Museum, New York Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Judy Chicago The Dinner Party  Honors women from past and present  Triangular table: ancient sign for woman, symbolizes equality  13 settings on each side, embroidered with a famous woman’s name Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields Artwork: Gentileschi, Judith Decapitating Holofernes 4.10.6 Artemisia Gentileschi, Judith Decapitating Holofernes, c. 1620. Oil on canvas, 6’6⅜” × 5’3¾”. Uffizi Gallery, Florence, Italy 6 4/12/2017 Artwork: Gentileschi, Judith and Her Maidservant […] 4.10.7 Artemisia Gentileschi, Judith and Her Maidservant with the Head of Holofernes, 1623–25. Oil on canvas, 6’⅜” × 4’7¾”. Detroit Institute of Arts Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Gateway to Art: Self-Expression in the Judith Paintings  Gentileschi was the victim of a sexual assault  Painted 7 versions of the biblical story of Judith and Holofernes  First version was painted a year after the public trial of her attacker Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Gateway to Art: Self-Expression in the Judith Paintings (contd.)  A version from a decade later was probably made for other reasons  Popular theme at the time  Previous renditions of the subject had attracted admiration Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields 7 4/12/2017 Artwork: Guerrilla Girls, Do Women Have to be Naked […] 4.10.8 Guerrilla Girls, Do Women Have to be Naked to get into the Met. Museum?, 1989. Poster, dimensions variable Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Guerrilla Girls, Do Women Have to be Naked […]  Feminist collective that is still active  Members wear gorilla masks for anonymity  Protest at the unequal treatment of female artists in the art world Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields Chapter 4.10 Identity , Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Black Consciousness  Later in the twentieth century, nearly 100 years after the Emancipation Proclamation, African-Americans in Southern US states still experienced legalized discrimination and segregation  Led to disenfranchisement, oppression, and violence Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields 8 4/12/2017 Still from Spike Lee’s Do the Right Thing 4.10.9 Spike Lee, Do the Right Thing, 1989. Duration 120 minutes. 40 Acres & A Mute Filmworks Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Spike Lee, Do the Right Thing  Lee’s work is characterized by a strong commitment to social justice issues  Film focuses on race relations between Italian-Americans and African-Americans in a NYC neighborhood  Film is sympathetic to all parties Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields Artwork: Carrie Mae Weems, “You Became a Scientific Profile” 4.10.10 Carrie Mae Weems, “You Became a Scientific Profile,” from the series From Here I Saw What Happened and I Cried, 1995. Chromogenic color prints with sand-blasted text on glass 25⅝ × 22¾”, MoMA, New York 9 4/12/2017 Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Carrie Mae Weems, “You Became a Scientific Profile”  Reinterpreted nineteenth-century photographs of African slaves  Colored them red, framed them, and inscribed the glass with text  Challenges ideas of race, gender, class Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields Chapter 4.10 Identity , Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Identity and Ambiguity  Roles of men and women frequently based on ideas of what is “normal”  These stereotypes are frequently challenged  Artists from many cultures and eras of history have sought to address questions of identity Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields Artwork: Sphinx of Hatshepsut 4.10.11 Sphinx of Hatshepsut, 18th Dynasty, 1479–1458 BCE. Granite and paint, 5’4⅝” × 11’3”. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 10 4/12/2017 Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Sphinx of Hatshepsut  Hatshepsut was a powerful female ruler almost 3,500 years ago in Egypt  In sculptures, often depicted in conventional poses of male rulers  Shown with traditional headcloth and royal beard, but delicate features are not disguised Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields Artwork: Nikki S. Lee, Hip Hop Project (25) 4.10.12 Nikki S. Lee, Hip Hop Project (25), 2001. Fujiflex print Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Nikki S. Lee, Hip Hop Project (25)  Korean artist Nikki S. Lee joined a number of different communities  For the Hip Hop Project she darkened her skin through tanning; immersed herself in the hip hop music scene  Considers her identity to be very fluid Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields 11 4/12/2017 Artwork: Catherine Opie, “Melissa & Lake […]” 4.10.13 Catherine Opie, “Melissa & Lake, Durham, North Carolina,” from Domestic series, 1998. Chromogenic print, 40 × 50” Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Catherine Opie, “Melissa & Lake, Durham, North Carolina”  Investigates the nuances of gender and identity  Domestic series: photographed lesbian couples across the US  Celebrates individuality  Introduces some to new ways of life Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Art and Gender videos Watch these videos to gain more insights into the theme of Art and Gender: Video: Angelica Kauffmann: A Pioneering Female Artist Video: Audrey Flack: Photorealism and Vanitas Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields 12 4/12/2017 Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Art and Gender videos (contd.) Watch these videos to gain more insights into the theme of Art and Gender: Video: Sandro Botticelli: The Birth of Venus Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES MoMA Videos To learn more about identity, race, and gender, watch these videos of MoMA lecturers talking about pieces from the MoMA collection: MoMA Video Pablo Picasso, Girl before a Mirror MoMA Video: Pablo Picasso, Les Demoiselles d’Avignon Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES MoMA Videos (contd.) MoMA Video Barbara Kruger, Untitled (You Invest in the Divinity of the Masterpiece) Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts, Second Edition, Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields 13 4/12/2017 Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Chapter 4.10 Copyright Information This concludes the PowerPoint slide set for Chapter 4.10 Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts Second Edition By Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, and M. Kathryn Shields Copyright © 2015 Thames & Hudson PowerPoints developed by CreativeMyndz Multimedia Studios Chapter 4.10 Identity, Race, and Gender in Art PART 4 THEMES Picture Credits for Chapter 4.10 4.10.1 4.10.2 4.10.3 4.10.4 Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, Dresden Private Collection Museo de Arte Moderno, Mexico City. © 2012 Banco de México Diego Rivera Frida Kahlo Museums Trust, Mexico, D.F./DACS Courtesy the artist and Metro Pictures 4.10.5 Brooklyn Museum, Gift of the Elizabeth A. Sackler Foundation, 2002.10. Photo © Donald Woodman. © Judy Chicago, 1979. © ARS, NY and DACS, London 2012 4.10.6 Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence 4.10.7 4.10.8 Detroit Institute of Arts, Gift of Mr. Leslie H. Green Copyright © by Guerrilla Girls, Inc. Courtesy www.guerrillagirls.com 4.10.9 Universal/The Kobal Collection 4.10.10 Museum of Modern Art, New York, Gift on behalf of The Friends of Education of The Museum of Modern Art, Acc. no. 70.1997.2. Photo 2012, Museum of Modern Art, New York/Scala, Florence. Courtesy the artist and Jack Shainman Gallery, New York 4.10.11 Metropolitan Museum of Art, Rogers Fund, 1931, Acc. no. 31.3.166. Photo Metropolitan Museum of Art/Art Resource/Scala, Florence 4.10.12 Courtesy the artist and Sikkema Jenkins & Co. 4.10.13 Courtesy Regen Projects, Los Angeles PowerPoints developed by CreativeMyndz Multimedia Studios 14
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