What is the potential impact of secondary trauma on human service workers? How can agencies prevent or at least mitigate this impact? What are the limitations of formal litigation and how can alternative dispute formats better serve those participating in the process? Does the ADR process favor one side of the other? Does the current financial challenges facing our legal system make ADR a more viable option? Does this approach limit the attainment of justice for those that may choose to participate? Why or why not? 

According to Enoch, how would we respond moral questions if we *are* objectivists?Group of answer choicesJust as it's funny to say that "It's a good thing I don't like spinach, because if I did, then I would want to eat it--but it's disgusting" so it would be funny to say "It's a good thing I didn't grow up in the 18th century, because if I did, then I would think racism and slavery were okay--but they aren't!"Just as it seems appropriate to say that "It's a good thing I didn't grow up in the middle ages in Europe, because if I had, then I would have believed that the Sun orbits around the Earth--and that's false!" so it makes sense to say "It's a good thing I didn't grow up in the 18th century, because if I did, then I would think racism and slavery were okay--but they aren't!"Just as disagreement about whether dark chocolate or milk chocolate is better seems trivial and merely about one's own preferences, so disagreement about whether abortion is okay or not seems trivial and merely about one's own preferencesJust as top hats would be in fashion if everyone were to like them and wear them, so gender discrimination would be permissible if everyone were to be okay with itFlag this QuestionQuestion 21 ptsAccording to Enoch, how would respond moral questions if we are *not* objectivists?Group of answer choicesJust as it's funny to say that "It's a good thing I don't like spinach, because if I did, then I would want to eat it--but it's disgusting" so it would be funny to say "It's a good thing I didn't grow up in the 18th century, because if I did, then I would think racism and slavery were okay--but they aren't!"Just as smoking would still be harmful even if we were all to believe that it was harmless, so gender discrimination would be morally wrong even if we were all to believe that it was okayJust as it seems appropriate to say that "It's a good thing I didn't grow up in the middle ages in Europe, because it I had, then I would have believed that the Sun orbits around the Earth--and that's false!" so it makes sense to say "It's a good thing I didn't grow up in the 18th century, because if I did, then I would think racism and slavery were okay--but they aren't!"Just as disagreement about whether climate change is occurring feels like an attempt to discover an independent, objective scientific truth, so disagreement about whether abortion is permissible in certain cases feels like an attempt to discover an independent, objective moral truth.Flag this QuestionQuestion 31 ptsWhat is an example of a descriptive statement?Group of answer choicesThe statement “war is wrong” (when said by me) is true if and only if I disapprove of warOur culture believes that stealing is almost always morally unacceptableThe term “morally wrong” means “disapproved of by my culture”When John says “killing is self-defense is wrong,” that statement is true if and only if John disapproves of killing in self-defenseFlag this QuestionQuestion 41 ptsWhat is an example of a normative ethical statement?Group of answer choicesYou morally ought not to stealJohn took Erin’s bike even though John believes that stealing is morally wrongOur culture believes that stealing is almost always morally unacceptableLots of people find stealing to be abhorrentFlag this QuestionQuestion 51 ptsWhat is an example of a metaethical statement?Group of answer choicesJohn took Erin’s bike even though John believes that stealing is morally wrongWhen John says “killing is self-defense is wrong,” that statement is true if and only if John disapproves of killing in self-defenseLots of people find stealing to be abhorrentOur culture believes that stealing is almost always morally unacceptableFlag this QuestionQuestion 61 ptsWhat is an example of a metaethical statement that defines a normative moral concept?Group of answer choicesWhat makes lying wrong is the fact that God commands us not to lie.When I say “Lying is morally wrong” that just means that my culture disapproves of lying.The statement “Lying is wrong,” when said by me, is true only if I disapprove of lying.The wrongness of lying is constituted by my culture’s disapproval of lying.Flag this QuestionQuestion 71 ptsWhat kind of statement does a metaethical statement make?Group of answer choicesDescribes the feelings and attitudes of an individual person.Says that some action is morally required or wrong or permissible.Describes the beliefs and customs of a culture.Gives the truth conditions of normative ethical statements.Flag this QuestionQuestion 81 ptsWhat is metaethical relativism? Group of answer choicesWe do not have any obligations. We do not have any duties. We are not required to do anything. Nothing we might do is wrong. What makes lying wrong for you is the fact that you disapprove of lying.What makes lying wrong for you is the fact that your culture disapproves of lying.What makes lying wrong for you is the fact that God's desires that we not lie or commands us not to lie.Flag this QuestionQuestion 91 ptsWhat is metaethical subjectivism? Group of answer choicesThe term "morally wrong" just means "God forbids it" or "God desires that we avoid it."There are moral properties or moral facts that exist independently of the moral codes of any culture, and of the attitudes and feelings of any individual person, and of the commands and desires of any divine being. The term "morally wrong" just means "I disapprove."The term "morally wrong" just means "my culture disapproves of it."Flag this QuestionQuestion 101 ptsWhat is theistic voluntarism? Group of answer choicesWhat makes lying wrong is the fact that God commands us not to lie.What makes lying wrong for me is the fact that I disapprove of lying.What makes lying wrong for me is the fact that my culture disapproves of lyingWe do not have any obligations. We do not have any duties. We are not required to do anything. Nothing we might do is wrong. Flag this QuestionQuestion 111 ptsWhat is moral nihilism? Group of answer choicesWe do not have any obligations. We do not have any duties. We are not required to do anything. Nothing we might do is wrong. What makes lying wrong for me is the fact that my culture disapproves of lyingWhat makes lying wrong for me is the fact that I disapprove of lying.What makes lying wrong is the fact that God commands us not to lie.Flag this QuestionQuestion 121 ptsWhat is metaethical objectivism? Group of answer choicesThere are moral properties or moral facts that exist independently of the moral codes of any culture, and of the attitudes and feelings of any individual person, and of the commands and desires of any divine being.The term "morally wrong" just means "my culture disapproves of it."The term "morally wrong" just means "God forbids it" or "God desires that we avoid it."The term "morally wrong" just means "I disapprove."Flag this QuestionQuestion 131 ptsWhat metaethical theory claims that what makes any normative moral statement true or false is determined by the moral code of the speaker's culture? Group of answer choicesMetaethical subjectivismMetaethical objectivismTheistic voluntarismMetaethical relativismFlag this QuestionQuestion 141 ptsWhat metaethical theory claims that what moral concepts such as 'right' and 'wrong' are defined in terms of one's preferences and attitudes? Group of answer choicesMetaethical relativismTheistic voluntarismMetaethical objectivismMetaethical subjectivismFlag this QuestionQuestion 151 ptsWhat metaethical theory claims that what makes any action morally right or morally wrong for a person is determined by facts about God's commands or desires? Group of answer choicesMetaethical relativismMetaethical subjectivismTheistic voluntarismMetaethical objectivismFlag this QuestionQuestion 161 ptsWhat metaethical theory claims that there are moral properties or moral facts that exist independently of the moral codes of any culture, and of the attitudes and feelings of any individual person, and of the commands and desires of any divine being? Group of answer choicesMetaethical objectivismMoral nihilism Metaethical relativismMetaethical subjectivismFlag this QuestionQuestion 171 ptsWhat is metaethical relativism? Group of answer choicesWe ought to conform to the moral code of our culture.Cultures have different moral codes We acquire our moral attitudes and feelings from our culture. What makes any action morally right or morally wrong for a person is determined by facts about the moral code of that person's culture.Flag this QuestionQuestion 181 ptsWhat is theistic voluntarism? Group of answer choicesGod has commanded people to tell the truth.We ought to obey God.Some people believe God that has commanded people to tell the truth.What makes any action morally right or morally wrong for a person is determined by facts about God's commands or desires.Flag this QuestionQuestion 191 ptsWhat is an objection to metaethical objectivism?Group of answer choicesWe ought to be tolerant of other cultures.If this view were true, there would not be any differences or disagreements across cultures. But there is.We ought to follow the moral code of our own culture.We ought to obey God.Flag this QuestionQuestion 201 ptsOne argument against metaethical objectivism relies on the following premise: "If cultures have different moral codes, then there are no objective moral truths." What response addresses this premise?Group of answer choicesWe acquire our beliefs about scientific, mathematical, and historical truths from our cultureMetaethical relativism is falseThe differences we find in the moral codes of different cultures are not substantial and underlying those differences are deep similaritiesCultures also differ in their beliefs about science, religion, and history, but these are nonetheless objective subjectsFlag this QuestionQuestion 211 ptsWhat is an objection to metaethical subjectivism?Group of answer choicesIf this view were true, we would not be acquiring our moral attitudes from our cultural upbringing. But we are.If this view were true, God could desire that we torture babies for fun or that we inflict gratuitous harm on each other or other similar such horrible things. Afterall, those things wouldn't be inherently wrong. There’s nothing wrong with those things separate from God’s desires. But those things are wrong, regardless of God's desires concerning them.Disagreements about distinctively moral topics do not just seem like they’re just expressions of different attitudes, which this view says they are. They seem to involve the idea that one of those attitudes is mistaken.If this view were true, there would need to be a principled way to specify *which* culture a person belongs to for the purposes of moral evaluation. But there isn't any such way.Flag this QuestionQuestion 221 ptsWhich example is used to highlight how some moral differences across cultures are due to differences in the meanings of gestures, rituals, and such things?Group of answer choicesThe example involving the Amish tradition of avoiding modern technology and living in small, close-knit communities.The example involving the tourist and A-okay.The example involving the showing of respect and love for the deceased parent by engaging in certain practices to assist them in the afterlife.The example involving the nomadic caribou hunters.Flag this QuestionQuestion 231 ptsAccording to Enoch, who decides what is right and wrong?Group of answer choicesWe do together. What is right and wrong depends on the moral code of our cultureNo one does in the sense that there are objectively correct answers to moral questions that no one gets to 'decide' about. In another sense, we each must decide what we're going to believe about morality--though our beliefs could end up being incorrectNo one gets to. There is no right and wrongWe each do. What is right and wrong depends on our individual preferencesFlag this QuestionQuestion 241 ptsHow does Miller respond to the “arbitrariness” objection?Group of answer choicesThere is no problem because God’s desires are not arbitrary: they are responses to his knowledge of an independent moral realityThere is no problem: God’s desires are arbitrary, but this is not a problemThere is no problem: God’s desires are not arbitrary. They *are* based on reasons. But these reasons are not independent *moral* truthsThis is a problem. Theistic voluntarism should be rejected on this basisFlag this QuestionQuestion 251 ptsAccording to Donaldson, which metaethical theory recommends following the cultural norms in the country in which you are doing business?Group of answer choicesCultural relativismMetaethical objectivismEthical imperialismEthical egoismNot saved Submit QuizQuestionsHaven't Answered YetQuestion 1Haven't Answered YetQuestion 2Haven't Answered YetQuestion 3Haven't Answered YetQuestion 4Haven't Answered YetQuestion 5Haven't Answered YetQuestion 6Haven't Answered YetQuestion 7Haven't Answered YetQuestion 8Haven't Answered YetQuestion 9Haven't Answered YetQuestion 10Haven't Answered YetQuestion 11Haven't Answered YetQuestion 12Haven't Answered YetQuestion 13Haven't Answered YetQuestion 14Haven't Answered YetQuestion 15Haven't Answered YetQuestion 16Haven't Answered YetQuestion 17Haven't Answered YetQuestion 18Haven't Answered YetQuestion 19Haven't Answered YetQuestion 20Haven't Answered YetQuestion 21Haven't Answered YetQuestion 22Haven't Answered YetQuestion 23Haven't Answered YetQuestion 24Haven't Answered YetQuestion 25Time Elapsed: HideAttempt due: Jul 3 at 11:59pm