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Anatomy Physiology Lab I

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3 separate essay with Reference each.

Answer all the questions for each essay

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grammar LECTURE EXAM#2 ESSAYS- For Exam 2 (April 16, 2018) – Must be HANDWRITTEN (Please provide the Exam #, and the Essay # on the essays). For Example: Lecture Exam 2, Essay la and 1b, or Essay 2. These essays (3) are worth 2.5-5 points each and will be counted toward your second exam score. All essays should be hand written and will be collected on Thursday (APRIL 24, 2018; by GOD's GRACE) at the end of lecture. Please write clearly and legible. If your essay is not legible, and do not have good sentence structure (verb and agreement) or make sense, you will receive a low score. If the reference (APA style) is also not present you will lose points. Please use your textbook and other resources to help you to answer these questions. DO NOT plagiarize or else you will be in jeopardy of failing the course. Please write answers in your own words. Essay #1: Essay #2: A. Name and describe the locations and actions of Major & Minor muscles typically used in breathing? B. Also, if a person who is 88 yrs old claims, "I can't get around like I used to." What changes in his muscle tissue might make this true? What would you recommend to slow the process? (Chp 9 & 10) Essay #2: A. Discuss the roles of prime movers, antagonists, synergists, and fixators in movement? (Chp 10) B. Describe the possible ways in which sympathetic preganglionic neurons may connect with postganglionic neurons? What organs, tissues, or structures are control only by the sympathetic nervous system and not the parasympathetic nervous system? What are the various types of autonomic neurons and receptors? (Chp 14) Bonus Essay: A. Some bacteria produce a toxin that causes a Flaccid paralysis. Other bacteria produce a toxin that causes all of the skeletal muscles to contract at the same time (Spastic paralysis). Define these terms (bold text) How might these toxins cause their effects on the muscles? If the toxin also destroy peripheral neuron, describe the process used to repair a peripheral neuron if its damage (Chapter 12). B. Name and briefly describe the common Types of Arthritis? (Chapter 8) BOOK REFERENCES ..should be written as.. Example: Calfee, R. C, & Flores, R. (1999). APA guide to Psychology Association. .publication (2nd Ed.). Washington, DC: American BOOK CHAPTER REFERENCES: ........should be written as.. Calfee, R. C, & Flores, R. (1999). Photosynthesis, Chapter 6. In: Biology: Concepts and Connections (pp. 100- 109). San Francisco, CA: Pearson and Benjamin Cummings. WEBSITE REFERENCES: ........should be written as.... Chapters or section of Online document: The Foundation....World. (2000). Pollution and banana cream pie. In Great chefs cook with chlorofluorocarbons and carbon monoxide (Chap. 3). Retrieved July 13, 2001, from http://www.wikidictionary/pollution/banana.htm). O Online Journal Article: {Last, first name (1st author)}, &{Last, first name (2*' author)}. (2000). A Buddhist response.....human rights. Journal of Buddhist Ethics, 8(4). Retrieved July 13, 2001, from http://www.wikidictionary/pollution/banana.htm). ARTICLES (3 TO SIX AUTHORS) REFERENCES: ........should be written as...... Calfee, R. C, Cornel, D., Berry, A., Kernis, M. H., Stacks, G., & Flores, R. (1999). There is more to....high or low: The importance of stability of self-esteem. Journal of Anatomy and Health, 65, 1190-1204. In your Text (within the essay) Citation:........should be written as.. In a recent study of student performance. .60 student failed (Tortora, 2009). According to Jones (1998), “ Student often.....time” (p. 199) 1 author, 2 author, etc, 3, 4, 5, Parkinson, A. (2000). for 3-6 authors.. more than 6...(1 author,2 author, etc,3,4,5,Parkinson, A. A., et al. (2000). Pollution and banana. (see Articles (3 to Six Authors above).
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Explanation & Answer

Hello there,I just wanted to inform you that I am attaching to this message the 3 essays which contain the answer to all subjects. You have 3 files attached, all Microsoft office (.docx format) and each of them consists of 2 mini -500 words essays that answer all the questions that were requestedEssay 1+ Part A - consists of an essay regarding the respiratory muscles+ Part B- consists of information regarding a pathology known as sarcopeniaEssay 2+ Part A - consists of an essay regarding the movement elements ( prime movers, antagonists, synergists, fixators)+Part B- consists of an essay regarding the autonomic nervous systemBonus Essay+ Part A - consists of an essay regarding flaccid paralysis and spastic paralysis+ Part B- consists of an essay regarding the two major type of arthritis: rheumatoid and osteoarthritisEach essay has it's own reference ( Part A- reference / Part B- reference ) written in APA format and included after each essay.---Please confirm that you got the file. In case you need any kind of changes I will be here to provide them.

Health

1

Essay 1 :
[Your Name]
[class name: number]
April 22, 2018
[Professor Name]

Essay 1

2

Essay 1 A
Respiration is described as being the function of the body through which oxygen is
obtained in order to be used by all the cells in the organism and through which the carbon
dioxide is eliminated. In order for this process to take place several muscles work together by
contracting or relaxing. Before discussing these elements, it is important to take into
consideration that the respiration process has two main phases: the inspiration during which the
inspiratory muscle contract and the expiratory ones relax, and expiration. (Nave,2015)
A major muscle that is essential for this process is known as the diaphragm. It consists of
two main areas, a larger one which is the costal part and which originates at the level of the
lowest six ribs and cartilage and the crural one which is connected to the second to the fourth of
the lumbar vertebrae but it doesn't move during respiration. During inspiration the diaphragm
contracts, making it flatten and in this way increasing the volume inside the thoracic cavity. In
the opposite situation, the muscle will relax and the curve of the diaphragm will be pointed
upwards in this way reducing the volume of the cavity .(Johns Hopkins,1995)
Another core muscles are considered the intercostal ones. The external ones originate at
the level of the ribs number 1 to 11 and insert of the ribs 2 to 12. They are considered inspiration
muscles as their contract expands the chest by pulling the ribs in an upward and outward
direction. The internal ones have the same origin and insertion but are part of the expiration
process. When they contract, the ribs are pulled this time downwards and inward.(Kaneshiro
,2016)
Accessory muscles for the inspiration process also consists of the sternocleidomastoid
and pectoralis minor. The first one, as its name states, originates from two different points the
sternum and the clavicle and inserts on the mastoid process at the level of the skull. The

Essay 1

pectoralis minor origins at the level of the 3rd to the 5th rib and inserts on the coracoid process
of the scapula. Its action is to draw the scapula in a downward and forward direction in this way
increasing the volume of the thorax cavity.(Loyola University,2015)
On the other hand, the accessory muscles for expiration are the abdominals one which
tends to contract in order o compress the abdomen and the quadratus lumborum which pulls the
rib down. As it can be seen, both of them will reduce the volume of the thorax cavity and in this
way, more air will be expelled from the lungs. .(Loyola University,2015)
As it can be seen, all the muscles involved in respiration either work in a synergic or
antagonist way. Their main role is either to compress the thorax cavity in order to eliminate the
air or increase its volume in order to increase the intake. Accessory muscles tend to become
active especially during forced inspiration or expiration during when the body needs an even
larger volume of air.

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Essay 1

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References
R Nave,(2015),Respiration,,Chapter 19 , Online textbook, Retrieved on 4/22/2018 from:
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Biology/respir.html

Johns Hopkins University,(1995), Diaphragm , Online Presentation ,Retrieved on
4/22/2018 from: http://oac.med.jhmi.edu/res_phys/Encyclopedia/Diaphragm/Diaphr...


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Really helpful material, saved me a great deal of time.

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