Description
History:
Mrs. T is a 45 yr old female who reports frequent heartburn and regurgitation of acid into her mouth for the past 3 months. There is no change in her usual eating habits, or in her weight. She has no problem with swallowing, food getting stuck, or respiratory issues. There is no abdominal pain. She has tried taking over-the-counter antacids, such as calcium carbonate (Tums), with only a little relief.
Physical:
Body Mass index (BMI) is 28. She is alert and well-nourished. Exam including oropharynx, neck, chest, and abdomen are normal.
Assessment:
Gastroesophageal reflux
Instructions
Answer the following questions based on the scenario and article above and save your responses in a Microsoft Word document. Provide 1 scholarly resource in APA format to support your answers. Cited
- Outline the path that a bolus of food would take from the mouth to the duodenum. This should include any sphincters.
- Describe the digestive function of each of the areas of the upper GI tract that are mentioned in Q1.
- Describe the anatomical problem that causes gastroesophageal reflux.
- Research to find out the names of 2 medications that are used to treat GERD.
- How does each of these medications work to relieve symptoms?
Explanation & Answer
Attached.
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Gastroesophageal reflux
Student Name
Institution Affiliation
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Professor’s Name
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1. Outline the path that a bolus of food would take from the mouth to the duodenum.
This should include any sphincters.
The physical path that a bolus follows as it travels from the mouth to the duodenum
involves steps and sphincters. To start with the food is chewed and rolled into a ball in the
mouth which is colloquially called the bolus. The food all of a sudden finds itself in the
esophagus with UES at the top and LES at the bottom. The UES temporarily opens and the
food is headed to the stomach. The LES is a sort of a limit that prohibits interchange of the
stomach contents into the esophagus pH conditions. Apparently, Mrs. T suffers this pH
conditions of the esophagus. Food which has been taken in by the stomach, is subjected to
further degradation by stomach acid and enzymes. The pyloric sphincter is a valve which is
located where the stomach and the duodenum join. This sphincter controls the amount of
chyme (super-consolidated food) is released from the stomach into the duodenum that is the
first part of the intestine.
2. Describe the digestive function of each of the areas of the upper GI tract that are
mentioned in Q1.
Mechanical and chemical digestion processes are critical functions provided by the
mouth. Chomping on the food partimises it into smaller items, and saliva comes with
enzymes like amylase, which in accordance with the chemical degradation of carbohydrates,
begins. The throat and esophagus are here for th...
