STUDENT
Chapter 17
Chapter 17 Vocabulary Terms
For each term or name below, write a sentence explaining its connection to World War II.
1. A. Phillip Randolph was an African American and the head of Afro-American laborers
during the World War II. He led a march in Washington to end segregation in the defense
sector. Additionally, he pushed Harry Truman to end racial discrimination in the United
States defense forces.
2. The Manhattan Project was a United States government project towards developing an
atomic bomb during the Second World War. It was a United States government secret which
was aimed at developing an atomic bomb.
3. Rationing refers to the provision of fixed amounts of goods deemed essential for sustenance
of life at a particular period. Rationing is a common practice especially during periods of
economic crisis or war.
4. Dwight D. Eisenhower was an American general and commander of the Allied forces in
Europe. He also became the 34th president of the United States.
5. D-Day refers to June 6th, 1944. This is the day when the allied forces attacked Normandy
City in France and set foot on the European continent.
6. V-E Day is May 8th, 1945. This is the day when the war in Europe ended.
7. Douglas Mac Arthur was a United States general and also a commander of the United States
forces in the Pacific. He was arrogant and won many campaigns against the Japanese.
8. Hiroshima was a city in Japan which was targeted by the atomic bomb during the Second
World War. It was hardly hit by the atomic bomb during World War II.
9. GI Bill of Rights was an Act whose sole purpose was to enhance the readjustment of the war
veterans. It catered for the needs of the veterans such as education and other expenses.
10. Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) was an organization founded by James farmer a civil
rights activist during the American Civil war. The core objective of this organization was to
help end urban segregation in the North.
Chapter 17 Main Ideas
Use your notes and the information in the chapter to answer the following questions
Mobilizing Defense
1. How did the U.S military reflect the diversity of American society during World War II?
The United States military reflected the American society. It comprised soldiers from diverse
racial lines; African Americans, Japanese Americans, and the Mexican Americans. This
proves that the U.S. military had a very diverse society.
2. How did the federal government’s actions influence civilians life during World War II?
The actions of the government had a significant influence on the lives of the Americans
through the institution of rationing. They also had a reduction of the production of consumer
foods, the creation of jobs. Lastly it influenced the formulation of laws against segregation in
the defense industry.
3. What role did the media play in helping the country mobilize?
The media played a crucial role in mobilizing the American citizens. This is through footage
of the progress of the war. Also, the media aired important events during the war.
The War for Europe and North Africa
4. How did the Allies win control of the Atlantic Ocean between 1941 and 1943?
The allies won control of the Atlantic Ocean between 1941 and 1943. The control was won
through institution of a successful convoy of system. They also won control by improvement
of anti-submarine technology and the construction of more ships.
5. What was the significance of the Battle of Stalingrad?
The Battle of Stalingrad was a turning point in the World War II. After this battle, the
Germans stopped advancing. They had to retreat since the Soviet Union became offensive
towards Germany.
6. How did the Battle of Bulge signal the beginning of the end of World War II in Europe?
The Battle of Bulge signaled the end of World War II in Europe since the massive German
losses weakened the German forces. The Nazis lost so many soldiers and weapons that
couldn't be replaced that all they could do was retreat.
The War in the Pacific
7. Briefly describe the island war in the pacific
The Island war in the pacific comprised of island hopping. In this, the United States would
take control of the critical islands while leaving the minor ones to starve. The Island wars
became the most dangerous battles during the World War II.
8. Why did President Truman decide to use atomic weapons?
President Truman decided to use atomic bombs since he anticipated that the invasion of
Japan would be costly to the Allies. He also noted that it would take a long time to destroy
Japan. So, his decision stood to use atomic weapons.
The Home Front
9. How did the U.S economy change during World War II?
The World War II improved the economic situation of the United States due to increase in
the demand for military weapons. This also opened the creation of job opportunities in the
army. This increased peoples’ incomes and led to a general rise in the living standards of the
American citizens.
10. What events show the persistence of racial tensions?
The Los Angeles suit riots, the Detroit riots, and the confinement of Japanese Americans in
the west indicate the persistence of racial tensions in America. Also the segregation of nonnative Americans in various places such as schools, churches which intensified riots in the
United States. Riots have grown out of control over the recent years.
STUDENT
Chapter 19
Chapter 19 Vocabulary Terms
For each term below, write a sentence explaining its historical significance in the 1950’s
1. Suburb is the residential areas that surround an urban area. This is where most of the
population of Americans lived in the 1950’s. They travelled daily to the industries to work.
2. Dixiecrats are the Democrats in the Southern U.S who opposed President Truman’s views on
civil rights.
3. The Fair Deal was the continuation and expansion of the federal New Deal as advocated by
Truman. Most of the programs failed to pass the congress.
4. A conglomerate refers to a large organization that controls other smaller ones in different
industries. It is superior and has the ability to exercise its power over the small ones.
5. The baby boom refers to the number of children who were born in the United States after the
World War II which led to a significant rise in the United States population.
6. The mass media refers to any communication means that is accessible to a large number of the
population. The mass media includes: television, radio and newspapers.
7. The beat movement is the movement that rejected consumerism and mass uniformity in the
United States. It is mostly linked with poets and other artists.
8. Rock ‘n’ roll refers to a musical style that was developed after the World war and comprised
of Afro-American and the Native American styles and characteristics.
9. Urban renewal refers to the replacement of the old buildings in the cities with cheaper and
affordable ones.
10. Bracero is a term that was given to a Mexican migrant who was allowed to live and work in
the United States for a particular period. After, the expiry of the period he/she was expected to
return back to Mexico.
Chapter 19 Main Ideas
Use your notes and the information in the chapter to answer the following questions
Postwar America
1. How did the GI Bill of Rights help World War II?
The GI Bill of Rights helped the veterans of the second world by according them education.
The bill also help with unemployment benefits for those out of work. Lastly, the bill provided
low interest loans to help them readjust after the war.
2. What domestic and foreign issues concerned voters during the 1952 presidential
election?
Of concern to votes during the 1952 Presidential election was the outcome of the Korean
War. Additionally, the infiltration of communism in the United States was a concern. Other
concerns includeded: Nation tiring of Korean War, Americans wants change, Democrates in
power for 20 years, Truman spoke out against McCarthyism, and Inflation.
The American Dream in the Fifties
3. What shift in employment trends had occurred by the 1950’s?
By the 1950’s most people were employed in the formal sector. Also, most Americans had
shifted their attention to white collar jobs as opposed to blue collar jobs. Blue collar jobs
consist of manufacturing jobs and white collar jobs consist of service jobs.
4. How did life in the suburbs provide the model for the American dream?
The suburbs were the place where most Americans would acquire cheap and affordable
goods. Also, they provided a conducive environment for the citizens. Moreover, people were
able to interact freely without restrictions since they were of the same socio-economic status.
Popular Culture
5. What strategies did radio stations use to counteract the mass popularity of the
television?
Radios stations decreased the popularity of TV stations through changing their content. That
is they changed their content to that which was inaccessible through the television. They also
used the strategy of local news, music, and weather.
6. How did African American performers influence American popular culture in the
1950’s?
Americans performers influenced the popular culture through their popularity. They
composed music which would explode in terms of popularity for example jazz music. An
example is music composed by Richard.
The Other America
7. How did many major cities change in the 1950’s?
Cities experienced urban renewal in the 1950’s. Also, there was the phenomenon of white
flight which widened the economic gap. Other changes includeded: Urban Renewal, tear
down rundown areas, middle white class moves to the suburbs, taking jobs with them, poor
goes to cities, slums loss of businesses lead to Urban Renewal, led to creations department of
Housing and Urban Development, and not enough of new houses being created.
8. What obstacles to improving their lives did the Native Americans face in the 1950’s?
Intensive segregation of the Native Americans was a major challenge to improving their
lives. Moreover, most Native Americans lacked job skills due to lack of training. Also, the
1953 termination policy which ended the federal support was a significant obstacle faced by
the Native Americans.
Critical Thinking
1. USING YOUR NOTES: In a web like this. Show the postwar technological
advances you consider most influential.
Driverless
cars
Breakthroughs
Internet
Robotics
Technology
2. HYPOTHESIZING: During America’s first two centuries, the national
character was marked by individualism. Why do you think conformity became
the norm I the 1950’s?
I think conformity became the norm due to the development of the idea of national
identity in the 1950’s. In the 1970’s the notion of national identity was long gone due
to the emergence of the powerful USSR. Americans were expected to conform to the
limits set by the USSR.
STUDENT
Chapter 26
Chapter 26 Vocabulary Terms
For each term or name, write a sentence explaining its significance
1. William Jefferson Clinton was the governor of Arkansas before ascending to presidency.
Also, he was the first member of the baby-boom to win the presidency. Moreover, he
made a vow to strengthen the U.S economy as well as lead the Democratic Party
moderately as opposed to the previous regimes.
2. NAFTA is a legislation that was expected to bring Mexico into the free-trade region that
had been formed by the United States and Canada. The supporters of NAFTA viewed it
as a legislation that would strengthen the economies of the three states and result in the
creation of more jobs.
3. Contract with America refers to the promises made by the Republicans if they won
control of the Congress. The promise included term limits for those who ascended to
power, amendment of the budget to ensure a balance, tax reduction, and more strict crime
laws.
4. George W. Bush was the presidential nominee of the Republicans in 2000; he was the son
of the former president. Also, he was the governor of Texas.
5. Service sector refers to the economic sector which renders services to consumers. The
service sector includes industries such as banking, insurance, transport sector, and food
distribution services.
6. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is a treaty that advocated for the
elimination of trade barriers such as tariffs such as trade tariffs. Its main objective was to
enhance trade among countries. This increased enhanced good relations among states.
7. Telecommunication Act of 1996 was an Act enacted to eliminate barriers that prohibited
the buying and selling of communication companies. The enactment of this act resulted in
freedom for communication companies in the United States.
8. Genetic Engineering is the alteration of an organism’s molecular structure using artificial
means. It involves modification of the genetic composition of organism across species. It
results in genetically modified organisms (GMO).
9. Urban Flight refers to the movement of the American citizens from the cities to the rural
areas. It also involved the movement of other European races from the urban regions to
the rural suburbs with homogenous population.
10. Proposition 187 was a proposal by the US government that scrapped all education
benefits to illegal immigrants. Additionally, it also cut all non-emergency health benefits
for the illegal immigrants in the U.S
Chapter 26 Main Ideas
Use your notes and the information in the chapter to answer the following questions.
The 1990’s and the New Millennium
1. What happened following the investigation of President Clinton?
President Clinton was being investigated for charges of having an affair with the white house
intern. He was tried by the Senate which did not find him guilty. Although many wanted him
impeached he did serve out his term.
2. What factors led George W. Bush to victory in 2000?
Bush won the elections in the state of Florida. However, his victory was not accepted which
led to a recount of the votes. His competitor requested a manual recount of the votes which
was deemed unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. Therefore, Bush was declared the
winner of the election.
The New Global Economy
3. Summarize which parts of the economy grew during the 1990’s and which declined.
During the 1990’s the service sector and the high-tech industries experienced tremendous
growth. Technology was starting to really pick up and become prevalent in everyday life.
The manufacturing sector and agriculture declined significantly.
4. Why was the World Trade Organization founded?
The World Trade Organization’s core objective was the resolution of trade disputes among
countries. A series of trade negotiations, GATT rounds began at the end of World War II. IT
was aimed at reducing tariffs for the facilitation of global trade.
Technology and Modern Life
5. What resources did the internet make available?
The internet provided linkages between the people and the government. It also links people
to the media and enables them access information. Moreover, the internet was a source of
entertainment for the Americans.
6. What were the positive and negative influence that technology had on American lives in the
1990’s?
Technology influenced the lives of the Americans positively through improvements in the
health sector, education sector, improved transport networks, and as a source of
entertainment and relaxation. On the negative side, people spent much of their time online.
There was little interaction among people.
The Changing Face of America
7. How has urban flight changed both cities and suburbs?
Urban flight is the process in which Americans left the cities and moved to the suburbs.
Urban flight has increased urban poverty. Also, it has increased the crime rates.
8. What challenges do experts think the United States will face in the future?
Experts predict that the United States will face challenges such as increased poverty,
environmental degradation, and Terrorism. Scientist feels as though we will experience many
global changes on earth due to not taking care of it. Since 911 experts expect another major
terrorism attack on the United States.
Chapter 26 Critical Thinking
1. USING THE NOTES: Create a time line of important events from2000 election using a
form like the one below. Which event do you think was the turning point? Explain.
Election night: whoever won Florida would have 270 electoral votes and thus the winner. At
2 a.m. networks predict Bush as the winner of Florida.
Next day: Gore wins the popular votes by more than 500, 000votes out of a possible 105
million votes cast. George Bush’s win by a thin margin triggers recount of the votes.
Following weeks: Lawyers and spokespersons go to Florida to get victory. George Bush wins
the recount by slightly over 500 votes.
November 12: Bush representatives sue to stop recount.
December: Case reaches the Supreme Court. On 12TH December Court stops recount and
award the Florida votes to George W. Bush.
2. PREDICTING EFFECTS: Compile a list of technological innovations of the late
20th century described in the chapter. Then predict what kinds of technological
advancements might change American life during the 21st Century.
Technological innovations of the late 20th century include: the Internet, Robotics
technology, Space Shuttles Voyages. Technological advancements that might change
American life during the 21st century included: Further improvements in Internet
technologies, Automatic cars, globalization, the invention of social media sites such as
Instagram, Facebook, Whatsapp.
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