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A paper copy of your exam is due at the beginning of class. You are free to discuss the questions with others; but the final product should reflect your own individual work All questions should be typed, double-spaced using Arial, 10 point font. Each question is of equal value (20 points). Do any five of the listed essays indicating the appropriate “letter" of each question. Your five responses are worth a total of 100 points. You can also do one bonus question for an addition ten points (10). Each question will be about 500 words (one page) at the minimum and no more than two pages as a maximum. You will probably need to develop a couple of drafts before finalizing the exam you turn in for grading. A response to each question should include your "working” definition of all terms. You should use examples from the text, handouts, readings, and class discussion to support your statements. You should proof/edit all of your responses since errors can cause up to 10% deduction from your score on each question. You can use the campus Writing Lab to improve your writing; but they will not be able to assist you with the sociological content. If you use the lab you should show them these instructions so they can better assist you. 1). In the chapter one of the text, sociological research is discussed. You should review research process. How does the research. process explain why the “scientific method” is important to sociology? Also, how does the scientific method ensure the research is "valid, reliable, and generalizable?" Be sure to define the all terms in your own language. 2) Define "socialization.” In your definition, explain how the "self" is formed during the socialization process from family to peers to adult socialization. How do the concepts of values, norms (folkways, mores, and laws) and sanctions influence the socialization process? How does socialization change, or is altered, depending on the context of 'agent of socialization?" 3) What role does social theory play is sociology? Compare and contrast the four major theoretical perspectives (functionalism, conflict, feminism and symbolic interactionism) regarding their view of society, the individual, social order and social change. How? and Why? Are these perspectives shaped by a "micro" or "macro" level of analysis 4) Define "deviance, especially in contrast to socialization and criminality. What do sociologists mean when they say deviance is "socially defined?" How does the labeling perspective specifically explain and differentiate: primary deviance and secondary deviance? Why/How is labeling theory using both the symbolic interactionist perspective and the conflict perspective? OVER, OVER, OVER → → 2018_SOC_TakeHomeEssay_#1_Midterm_SPRING MEO'Neal 5). What is the sociological meaning of the term “LIFE COURSE?" Define “life course” and explain its relationship to gender socialization and aging. How does the functionalist and the conflict perspective discuss/critique a life course analysis? 6) Compare and contrast the "FAMILY from both the functionalist and feminist perspective. What functional needs does the family fulfill for society (manifest, latent, and dysfunction)? How/Why does the feminist perspective critique the functional analysis? Use the ideas of Stephanie Coontz as part of your feminist critique. 7) What is micro sociology? How is microsociology related to symbolic interactionism? What are three reasons (explain each in depth) why microsociology is important to the study of everyday life and impression management? 8) What are key elements and characteristics of Social Groups? How and why does “SIZE” impact groups and group dynamics? Why is “social capital” also relevant is the study of groups and group interaction. 9) Define the concept Dependency Ratio and its key elements. Explain the relationship between these elements. How and why does the dependency ratio help us understand the nurturing and social support systems within a family as well as within society/ BONUS: Do any one of the two following questions for an additional 10 points (300 to 400 words. A. Use our classroom definition of CULTURE to conduct an analysis of the SLU Billiken as a cultural icon/memorial. ne the zariyasi арано еxрlаnnaAASEKelateacoccОпанели conditions of society
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Explanation & Answer

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Running head: SOCIOLOGY

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Sociology
Student’s name
Institution’s name

SOCIOLOGY

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Question 1

Sociological research
Sociological research is the method used by sociologists to study the human society. The
research is comprised of several steps. The first stage is a research topic choice. A researcher
chooses a topic from the million available research topics. The researcher has to choose a topic
based on their theoretical interests and personal experiences. For example, the researcher could
have an interest in social policy. They could, therefore, decide to choose a topic that studies poverty
and the effect it has on individual’s health or education. The second step is conducting a literature
review (Denzin, 2017). This stage involves the research reading articles which have already been
published about his topic of interest. The literature review helps the researcher determine the part
of the topic which has not been clearly analyzed. This way he can be able to pay much attention
to that specific part. It also helps him to determine the methods which were used by other
researchers to collect data. This saves time as the methods have been proved effective. The
literature review enables the researcher to make recommendations on parts which have not been
clearly elaborated for other researchers to find.
The third step is the formulation of hypothesis. Hypothesis defines the relationship between
variables and unit of analysis that the researcher is studying. The most common unit in sociology
is people. The most common variables are gender, race, and ethnicity. The next step is to measure
variables and gather data. This stage involves the sociologist going to the field to collect actual
data. The data collected is either quantitative or qualitative in nature. The method of data collection
can be the use of questionnaires or interviews. Measuring variables involve the use of clear and
non-ambiguous questions. After data has been collected, the next step is to sample the data. For

SOCIOLOGY

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example, a person who is studying about people has to define which category of people he is
studying. This is because it is almost impossible to study about everyone. The last step is the data
analysis. This stage involves the use of statistical analysis software packages such as SPSS to
analyze data. For qualitative data, data is analyzed using qualitative analysis software to discover
significant themes and patterns from the data they have collected. Data analysis should be as
accurate as possible. Through the analysis, a researcher is able to determine if their findings
support their formulated hypothesis.
Significance of the Scientific Method
The scientific method is important in sociological research. It provides a systematic
approach for researching questions objectively and accurately. This is because it provides an
accurate observation, collection, and analysis of data. Scientific research ensures research validity,
reliability, and generalizability. By validity, it ensures the tools, processes and collected data is
valid. For example, ensuring the research questions are valid, the methodology for data collection
and design is valid. It also ensures the sampling and data analysis procedures are appropriate.
Reliability is achieved through consistency in research. Reliability ensures the truthfulness of data
through replicability of the processes and results. The scientific approach enables systematic
sampling...


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