Personality Types and Type of Substance Abuse

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As we study the relationships between psychology, personality, and criminal or deviant behavior, we want to always keep in mind that the chicken-and-the-eggdebate is present when we try to determine if drugs caused a behavior or if the personality caused drug use. In the criminal justice process, the coexistence of crime and drugs is prevalent, but from the psychological perspective, we might see some consistent behaviors from certain personality types or even disorders.

An example might be the person with bipolar disorder, while in a manic state, displays impulsivity, sensation-seeking, and impaired judgment related to safety and even their own mortality. When we consider what type of substances this type of personality might seek or abuse, we might see some understandablechoices like things that will help maintain their heightened state of arousal.

We have seen through this course that certain psychological or biological conditions are capable of being deemed the cause for criminal behavior, even resulting in competency or sanity concerns.

Substance abuse evaluations are one of the interesting dynamics in forensic psychology, because in most cases, the assessment takes place days, weeks, or even months after the crime.

For this discussion, you will use information from two of the articles in the studies for this unit—Van Dorn, Volavka, and Johnson's 2012 article, "Mental Disorder and Violence: Is There a Relationship Beyond Substance Use?," and Vinkers, Beurs, Barendregt, Rinne, and Hoek's 2011 article, "The Relationship Between Mental Disorders and Different Types of Crime." (Attached)

Instructions

In your main post:

  • Describe the relationship between personality types or personality disorders and a drug of choice. Does the research you found support that there is or is not a relationship between personality characteristics and a preferred drug of choice?
  • Identify if there are legal implications, such as the types of charges, the legal precedent for the charges, and foundational case law, for these types of correlations.
  • Discuss your perspective on the forensic assessment tool and whether it is useful for the criminal justice process.

Unformatted Attachment Preview

Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health 21: 307–320 (2011) Published online 13 July 2011 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com) DOI: 10.1002/cbm.819 The relationship between mental disorders and different types of crime DAVID J. VINKERS1, EDWIN DE BEURS1, MARKO BARENDREGT1, THOMAS RINNE1 AND HANS W. HOEK2,3,4, 1Netherlands Institute for Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; 2 Parnassia Bavo Psychiatric Institute, The Hague, the Netherlands; 3 Department of Psychiatry, Groningen University Medical Centre, Groningen, the Netherlands; 4Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, USA ABSTRACT Background Previous studies of relationships between mental disorder and crime have tended to group the mental disorders, the crimes or both, leaving uncertainty about a more specific mental disorder: crime relationships. Objective To examine the relationship between types of mental disorder and types of crime in pre‐trial defendants. Method Data were extracted from 21,424 pre‐trial forensic psychiatric reports made between 2000 and 2006 in the Netherlands. We compared the prevalence of axis I disorders, personality disorders, intellectual functioning and substance abuse in defendants charged with a range of crimes (homicide, attempted/threatened homicide, assault, battery, rape, sexual crimes, arson and/or property crimes) using chi‐square tests. Relationships with diminished accountability, reflecting a direct relationship with underlying mental disorder, were calculated using multivariate regression models, adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity and history of judicial contact. Results Arson had the strongest relationship with mental disorders in our sample, then assaults, then homicidal attempts or threats. Sexual and property crimes had the weakest relationship with diminished or absent accountability. Diminished accountability had the strongest relationship with psychotic disorders, followed by organic psychosyndromes and developmental disorders, whereas other axis I disorders, personality disorders or an IQ score of
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