Short Answer Question Worksheet

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Complete the Topic 3 short answer questions worksheet.

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

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This assignment meets the following CACREP Standards:

2.F.7.f. Basic concepts of standardized and non-standardized testing, norm-referenced and criterion-referenced assessments, and group and individual assessments.

2.F.7.g. Statistical concepts, including scales of measurement, measures of central tendency, indices of variability, shapes and types of distributions, and correlations.

2.F.7.h. Reliability and validity in the use of assessments.

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PCN-523 Topic 3: Short Answer Questions Directions: Provide short answers of 75- 150 words each for the following questions/statements. Do not exceed 250 words for your response. Use the textbook and any other scholarly resources to support your responses. 1. What does the term reliability mean in testing and assessment? 2. What does the term validity mean in testing and assessment? 3. Why is it important to have both validity and reliability? 4. In testing and assessment, what is norming? 5. Utilize your textbook to briefly explain each of the following concepts as they relate to psychological assessments/tests: a. Standardized testing: b. Non-standardized testing: c. Norm-referenced assessments: d. Criterion-referenced assessments: e. Group assessments: f. Individual assessments: © 2017. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved. g. Scales of measurement: 1. Nominal Scale 2. Ordinal Scale 3. Interval Scale 4. Ratio Scale h. Measures of central tendency: 1. Mean 2. Meadian 3. Mode i. Indices of variability: j. Shapes and types of distribution: 1. Normal Distribution 2. Skewed Distribution k. Correlations: References: © 2017. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.
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What does the term ‘reliability' mean in testing and assessment?

Reliability can be viewed as a technical property in a given test. According to Ary, Jacobs,
Irvine, and Walker (2018), reliability is can be termed as a process of determining if a test can
measure a characteristic in a dependable or consistent manner. It is an indication of whether the
test is of good quality and useful. Reliability shows whether or not an individual's test score
remains constant, even after repeating the test. In case the test scores for a person remain the
same after retaking the test, then the test is concluded to have measured a characteristic in a
reliable way. For the purpose of interpreting test scores in a meaningful way, reliable assessment
tools need to be used so as to acquire information that is consistent and dependable.
2. What does the term ‘validity' mean in testing and assessment?

Just like reliability, validity also exists as a technical property of a test that is used to show
the quality and usefulness of a test. Validity is the process that indicates the characteristic
measured by a test and the extent of wellness employed by a test in measuring the characteristic
(Ary et al., 2018). While conducting an assessment, procedures and instruments used must be
valid, with each of them serving the specific purpose intended. To establish a test's validity, one
must ensure a reference to a particular purpose. For different purposes, a test may be invalid.
Similarly, the validity of a test is referenced to specific groups. Otherwise, the tests will not be
valid for groups that are different.
3. Why is it important to have both validity and reliability?

Kimberlin and Winterstein (2008) argue that the reason that both validity and reliability are
important is that validity will outline the goodness of a test in a given situation while reliability,
on the other hand, shall determine the trustworthiness of a score on the test. It is not fit to validly

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