outilne traumatic brain injury

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You will submit a sentence outline of your research paper, following the example in this week's reading. The student example is attached here. Your outline must include your thesis statement, a description of the problem, alternative solutions, and the solution you are advocating. Be sure that the elements of the outline are complete sentences. Please note that, if you have one subheading in a category, you should have a second subheading.

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Running Head: EFFECTS OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury Institution Affiliation Date: 1 EFFECTS OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY 2 Thesis statement: traumatic brain injury is harmful to the brain and may end up causing acute and more chronic consequences that have a capability of leading to a permanent disability thus reducing life expectancy to the affected person. The question that led to the research is: Can a traumatic brain injury be cured? Most of the people across the globe do not understand the meaning of brain injuries. More so, they have no idea of the effect of brain injury. In most cases, the medical team in healthcare centers handling emergencies and accidents my focus so much on other areas and miss up the common injury that might have a daring effect on the patients. However, healthcare facilities with the life support and advanced technologies are able to since the unidentified brain injuries before they fully cause more danger to the brain. It can be both mild and severe with mild affecting the patient in less than half an hour while the severe one exceeds more than an hour. The question of the treatment of traumatic brain injury is, therefore, an important point of focus where a research needs to focus on first understanding the kind of injury and then the treatment procedure. It is important to understand the available concerns of brain injury and the cases where the procedures have been done to confirm the brain injury issues. What is my purpose in writing this paper? In the wake of increased brain injury cases due to accidents and emergencies across different. Writing this paper, therefore, will create a basis for research on the effects of traumatic brain injury. It will help identify cases of brain injuries that have long affected a vast of the patient across different facilities. This paper will also open the mindset of the audience to understand the topic in a much in-depth manner. EFFECTS OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY 3 Additionally, with such information, it will be much possible to check whether the topic of research is viable or not. Without such a paper, some of the audience may not understand the topic. It is therefore important to have the content highlighted in this paper which will open the mindset to research more concerning the topic. What do I already know about my topic? What are my feelings toward this topic? Though there is no much information in my mind about this topic, I understand it is a critical topic in healthcare. Brain injuries are now common among most of the accident patients. The increase in accidents is somehow increasing the cases of brain injuries across the nation. I also understand that most of the diagnostics have at some point ignored the possibility of brain injuries whether mild or acute in expense first saving lives. On the same note, I do understand that most of the people across different levels do not understand the concept of dealing with traumatic brain injury cases. This is especially to do with the mental health and related cases. Thus it will be important to put information regarding the topic inform of writing. I feel that this topic is very critical in today and also in the future. 1. What do my readers already know? What are my readers’ feelings toward the topic? Just like me most of my readers have ever heard of the mental health care. They have come across the mention or explanation of brain injuries but most of them have never taken a keen look at the topic. It is clear that most of the readers have never understood the effects of brain injuries and are only concerned with the known cases of mental health. They also know that brain injuries are fatal to some extents. EFFECTS OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY 4 The readers feel that traumatic brain injury is a serious issue that needs redress as soon as it is identified. They feel that the advancement in technology, the readers feel that the cases of injuries can be edified early in advance and will help hand the cases before they get out of hand. What do my readers need to know to understand my point? The readers need to understand the point as highlighted in the thesis statement. They need to have a full background of the topic as it is a concern in the society. Mental health is a major issue that everyone needs to be sure of and needs to understand how to handle. Having a good understanding of brain injury will help offer the best services across the healthcare facilities. The students need also to understand that the future of mental health lies in the way they understand it. They need to understand it and therefore be innovative to a point of understanding that it is only through the technology that the world will realize the most needed services towards the mental health care. 1. What information do I need to research and add to my paper? On my paper, there are several things that need a thorough research. One it is the main causes of brain injuries which are not limited to the accidents. Most of the cases of brain injury according to early research emanate from small cases which many of the people have ever ignored. It will also be important to add the historical cases of brain injuries that have never been researching on and that need a future research. Additionally, it will be important to add information about medication. Dealing with mental health is a critical issue and therefore understanding its medications will be a very important point. It is also important to understand the type of care that patients with both mild EFFECTS OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY and acute brain injury will require. More so understanding the early signs of mental injury will be very important. Thus it will be important to understand the cases of brain injury that need to be considered first. 5 1 ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY: TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY 1. Bigler, Erin D., M. Weiner, and A. Lipton. "Traumatic brain injury." Textbook of Alzheimer Disease and Other Dementias(2009): 229-246. Erin Bigler, who has largely contributed to the “Traumatic Brain Injury” (TBI) in this article, is a professor at Brigham Young University in the department of Psychology and Neuroscience. He is also part of the International Neuropsychological Society (INS) and has published and edited numerous books on neuropsychology which are peer-reviewed. The authors suggest that over 80,000 people become disabled as a result of Traumatic Brain Injury. Statistics affirm that TBI is largely responsible for disability and even morbidity. The proximal outcomes of Traumatic Brain Injury are given from a cognitive perspective and include complete recovery, mild impairment or dementia (p.233). Aside from the proximal effects of this dysfunction, the authors also discuss topics such as the use of neuroimaging in estimating the severity of the condition, dementia resulting from severe head trauma, and the risk factors involved for conditions such as Frontotemporal Dementia and Alzheimer Disease, especially among older populations. By discussing several causative agents and providing epidemiological studies among different populations, this book asserts that Traumatic Brain Injury contributes to disability and is greatly linked to dementia and neuropsychiatric disorder (p.250). 2. Haddad, Samir H., and Yaseen M. Arabi. "Critical care management of severe traumatic brain injury in adults." Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation, and emergency medicine 20.1 (2012): 12. The authors, Samir Haddad, and Yaseen Arabi, are specialists in Intensive Care, with both heading the departments of Intensive care in different hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Consequently, Yaseen is an associate professor in the same field at the College of Medicine 2 in the country. This asserts the credibility of this source. According to this research, Traumatic Brain Injury is a leading cause of mortality among children and young adults. As such, this text is centred on the critical care management of Traumatic Brain Injury, especially in severe cases. The authors discuss care management with a focus on minimization, avoidance, and monitoring of incidences of brain trauma. Under the management of critical care, some of the strategies discussed include patient stabilization, oxygenation, reducing secondary brain insults (SBI) and preventing intracranial hypertension. General and specific monitoring should be done to enhance early detection and diagnosis. Some of the strategies discussed under neuro-monitoring include monitoring of intracranial pressure, cerebral microdialysis, and electro psychological monitoring and brain temperature among others. Guidelines given for management include surgical interventions, mechanical ventilation, nursing care, and endotracheal intubation. This text is relevant to this project because it outlines procedures for care in patients with severe TBI. 3. Hyder, Adnan A., et al. "The impact of traumatic brain injuries: a global perspective." NeuroRehabilitation 22.5 (2007): 341-353. This study has been performed by various authors well versed in International Health and neuropsychiatry. Also, this research has been peer-reviewed and is therefore credible. This research gives a deeper insight into the impact of Traumatic Brain Injury on a global level. It argues that according to the World Health Organization (WHO), TBI will surpass other illnesses and be the major cause of disability and death by 2020. It estimates that about 10 million people are annually affected by this condition and this has a negative impact on the society. This burden is even greater in the developing countries where the risk factors are much higher and lack adequate health systems to deal with TBI. This study discusses the burden of Traumatic Brain Injury in developed and developing countries, especially in Africa, Latin America, Asia, and the Middle East. The impact of TBI in all areas include loss 3 of life and financial and social implications resulting in reduced quality of life. This research is relevant to this project as it gives insight into how TBI affects the society, both directly and indirectly. 4. Masel, Brent E., and Douglas S. DeWitt. "Traumatic brain injury: a disease process, not an event." Journal of neurotrauma 27.8 (2010): 1529-1540. Masel Brent is a clinical professor and a neurologist while Douglas DeWitt is well versed in Anaesthesiology. This text has an interesting perspective on analysing and dealing with patients with Traumatic Brain Injury. It argues that Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) should not be considered as an “event” but rather as a continual process and as such should be categorized under chronic illnesses because it fits the description of having permanent impacts on an individual’s life and is caused by pathological alterations that are nonreversible (p.1529). Consequently, it requires long periods of supervision and observation and decreases life expectancy. This text emphasizes the need for continual caregiving and management and argues that more resources and research should be put towards discovering effective therapies. Topics discussed under this study include Post-Traumatic mortality, morbidity, and the connection of TBI with other conditions such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and other neuroendocrine disorders. Arguably, TBI should be treated equally with other chronic illnesses in order to access the deserved support, surveillance, treatment and funding. This text is relevant to this project because it brings a new perspective and argument on how TBI should be handled and care management deserved. 5. Risdall, Jane E., and David K. Menon. "Traumatic brain injury." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences 366.1562 (2011): 241-250. 4 The authors of this text are experts in the field on neuropsychiatry. Jane Risdall is greatly accomplished in the field of Traumatology and Anaesthetics while David Menon is a professor in Anaesthetics at the University of Cambridge and is specialized in Anaesthesia, Medicine and Intensive Care. Both bring interesting perspectives to the text concerning brain injury especially among war veterans and other civilians who have been victims of terrorist incidents that often result in Traumatic Brain Injury. According to this text, neural injury mechanisms can be categorized as primary which occur immediately on impact or secondary which manifest later after the injury, usually a consequence to the response of the people involved. Various topics have been discussed in detail to promote understanding of the condition including; penetrating trauma, blast injury, pathophysiological mechanisms, epidemiology, imaging and the management of clinical issues. Consequently, it looks into the clinical protocols for care among these individuals. Arguably, ICP monitoring may not be available for use in patients with a history of operative neurosurgery. This text is relevant to this project because it provides insight into how treatment and care should be carried out and what factors should be considered in this quest. Running head: TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY: SOURCE EVALUATION Traumatic Brain Injury: Source Evaluation Name Institution Date 1 TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY: SOURCE EVALUATION 2 MOT, D. N. L., & Levy, C. E. (2013). Exploratory pilot study of driving perceptions among OIF/OEF veterans with mTBI and PTSD. Journal of rehabilitation research and development, 50(10), 1315. Authors: The article provides insightful information on traumatic brain injury especially among war veterans. MOT, Desiree N. Lanford is one of the authors of the article and is an occupatuional theraoist in Florida, which makes her a credible author of the article. Charles Levy is the leader in Physcial Medicine and Rehabilitation Service, making him a credible author for this article. Publisher: The article has been published by the Journal of Rehabilitation research and development, which is a recognized magazine on health matters, which releases article related to the area under study. Accuracy: The information provided in the article is accurate and corresponds with the information found in the available sources. The authors chose a specific population in their study, which has made the content more reliable and applicable for the paper. The article has a reference list where the reader can verify the information. The conclusions that have been made at the end of the paper are solely based on the information that the authors have gathered, which eliminates the possibility of faulty conclusions. Current Information: the article was released on 2013, which makes it reliable to provide updated information on traumatic brain injury. Objectivity: The authors of the article are not biased in any way through their research. The aim of the authors was to develop a conceptual framework for intervention strategies in helping veteran drivers cope with the new environment after war. The authors do not offer any solution but rather provide an insight on some of the aspects that need to be considered when creating intervention strategies for veterans. TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY: SOURCE EVALUATION 3 Bullock, L. M., Gable, R. A., & Mohr, J. D. (2005). Traumatic brain injury: A challenge for educators. Preventing School Failure: Alternative Education for Children and Youth, 49(4), 6-10. Authors: The article has been written by, Bullock Lyndal, a lecturer at University of North Texas, Robert Gable, a scholar on special education, and Darrell Mohr, a lecturer at Tarleton State University. Based on the nature of their professions, the three authors can be considered as credible authors who have provided insightful information on traumatic brain injury. Publisher: the article has been published by a journal on education, which has been publishing similar articles for years. Accuracy: The authors of the article have been categorical in describing the impact of traumatic brain injury on children and the challenge that educators face when working with such children. Traumatic brain injury is a broad health issue and by concentrating on its impact on the learning environment, the authors have been accurate in providing insightful information on the issue. By using two boys to expound on their information, the reader can easily relate with the content that has been presented in the article. Current information: The article was published in 2005. Even though it might be more than ten years since its publication, the issue of traumatic brain injury and its impact on children and the learning environment remains relevant in the current society. All the information that has been presented in the article is still relevant and can be used in helping children with brain injuries attain their academic goals. Objectivity: The authors of the article are not biased in their article. The authors are educators who understand the learning environment and the challenges that they face. Since they have a direct contact with the learners, they have had first-hand experience, which puts TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY: SOURCE EVALUATION them in a better position to describe their ordeals in working with children with traumatic brain injuries. 4 TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY: SOURCE EVALUATION References Bullock, L. M., Gable, R. A., & Mohr, J. D. (2005). Traumatic brain injury: A challenge for educators. Preventing School Failure: Alternative Education for Children and Youth, 49(4), 6-10. MOT, D. N. L., & Levy, C. E. (2013). Exploratory pilot study of driving perceptions among OIF/OEF veterans with mTBI and PTSD. Journal of rehabilitation research and development, 50(10), 1315. 5 Olivia Outliner COLL300 I005 Sum10 Week 4 – Outline Thesis Statement: The widening availability and growing popularity of organic and natural food sources, as well as increased use in natural and alternative medicines, are creating an overall healthier lifestyle for American and will reduce mortality and prevalence of life altering illnesses. Alternate Thesis: The chronic use of unnatural ingredients in our everyday food supply is a primary cause for the negative trend in America’s health, and can be reverted with a consistent awareness of the foods we eat and the products they originate from. Alternate Thesis 2: The increasing prevalence in life altering illnesses can be directly linked to the increased usage of unnatural ingredients and chemicals in our everyday food supply, and can be reversed back to a healthier America by simply eliminating certain toxins from our diets. I: The past 30 years has seen an increase in life altering illnesses across America. a. Diabetes has increased an average of 40% from 1990 to 1998, with approximately 800,000 new cases each year. b. Brain cancer, seizures, and childhood depression has increased over the past 25 years. c. Juvenile hypertension, diabetes, colon and breast cancer is on the rise. II: The use of corn syrup and high fructose corn syrup is causing the obesity trend and increase in diabetes in America. a. Corn syrup is a genetically modified sweetener, with production methods intent on chemically converting its natural glucose into fructose. b. Corn syrup is widely used in the United States due to cost efficiency, found in the majority of foods we eat today. The European Union has established limits to the use of this ingredient, mainly due to its health effects. III: The use of aspartame and other artificial sweeteners is causing a large increase in cancer related deaths. a. Aspartame is a chemically modified sweetener to replace the use of sugar, allowing low caloric foods and beverages to retain a sweet taste b. The production and use of aspartame and many other chemically created sweeteners are the subject of major controversy over health concerns. Aspartame metabolizes in the human body to produce methanol, formaldehyde, and aspartic acid. IV: The use of growth hormones and wide range antibiotics in our industrialized food supply has created more medicine resistant infections and viruses, with an increase in genetic disorders and illnesses. a. Growth hormones are given to cattle to increase production of milk supplies. b. Antibiotics are widely used to prevent illness and death of cattle and poultry due to confined space and abhorrent industrial conditions. c. The use of growth hormones is 100% banned in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Japan and most of Europe. V: Case studies and physician opinions on treatment and elimination of life altering illnesses support a more natural and less pharmaceutical means. a. Restoration effects on the body can be observed by eliminating these toxic ingredients b. Replenishing and supplementing the body’s ability to fight disease occur through natural therapy. c. Analysis shows increasing availability of “organic” and “all natural” products on store shelves for everyday items. Running Head: EFFECTS OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury Institution Affiliation 26 August 2018 1 EFFECTS OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY 2 Thesis statement: traumatic brain injury is harmful to the brain and may end up causing acute and more chronic consequences that have a capability of leading to a permanent disability thus reducing life expectancy to the affected person. The question that led to the research is: Can a traumatic brain injury be cured? Most of the people across the globe do not understand the meaning of brain injuries. More so, they have no idea of the effect of brain injury. In most cases, the medical team in healthcare centers handling emergencies and accidents my focus so much on other areas and miss up the common injury that might have a daring effect on the patients. However, healthcare facilities with the life support and advanced technologies are able to since the unidentified brain injuries before they fully cause more danger to the brain. It can be both mild and severe with mild affecting the patient in less than half an hour while the severe one exceeds more than an hour. The question of the treatment of traumatic brain injury is, therefore, an important point of focus where a research needs to focus on first understanding the kind of injury and then the treatment procedure. It is important to understand the available concerns of brain injury and the cases where the procedures have been done to confirm the brain injury issues. What is my purpose in writing this paper? In the wake of increased brain injury cases due to accidents and emergencies across different. Writing this paper, therefore, will create a basis for research on the effects of traumatic brain injury. It will help identify cases of brain injuries that have long affected a vast of the patient across different facilities. This paper will also open the mindset of the audience to understand the topic in a much in-depth manner. EFFECTS OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY 3 Additionally, with such information, it will be much possible to check whether the topic of research is viable or not. Without such a paper, some of the audience may not understand the topic. It is therefore important to have the content highlighted in this paper which will open the mindset to research more concerning the topic. What do I already know about my topic? What are my feelings toward this topic? Though there is no much information in my mind about this topic, I understand it is a critical topic in healthcare. Brain injuries are now common among most of the accident patients. The increase in accidents is somehow increasing the cases of brain injuries across the nation. I also understand that most of the diagnostics have at some point ignored the possibility of brain injuries whether mild or acute in expense first saving lives. On the same note, I do understand that most of the people across different levels do not understand the concept of dealing with traumatic brain injury cases. This is especially to do with the mental health and related cases. Thus it will be important to put information regarding the topic inform of writing. I feel that this topic is very critical in today and also in the future. 1. What do my readers already know? What are my readers’ feelings toward the topic? Just like me most of my readers have ever heard of the mental health care. They have come across the mention or explanation of brain injuries but most of them have never taken a keen look at the topic. It is clear that most of the readers have never understood the effects of brain injuries and are only concerned with the known cases of mental health. They also know that brain injuries are fatal to some extents. EFFECTS OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY 4 The readers feel that traumatic brain injury is a serious issue that needs redress as soon as it is identified. They feel that the advancement in technology, the readers feel that the cases of injuries can be edified early in advance and will help hand the cases before they get out of hand. What do my readers need to know to understand my point? The readers need to understand the point as highlighted in the thesis statement. They need to have a full background of the topic as it is a concern in the society. Mental health is a major issue that everyone needs to be sure of and needs to understand how to handle. Having a good understanding of brain injury will help offer the best services across the healthcare facilities. The students need also to understand that the future of mental health lies in the way they understand it. They need to understand it and therefore be innovative to a point of understanding that it is only through the technology that the world will realize the most needed services towards the mental health care. 1. What information do I need to research and add to my paper? On my paper, there are several things that need a thorough research. One it is the main causes of brain injuries which are not limited to the accidents. Most of the cases of brain injury according to early research emanate from small cases which many of the people have ever ignored. It will also be important to add the historical cases of brain injuries that have never been researching on and that need a future research. Additionally, it will be important to add information about medication. Dealing with mental health is a critical issue and therefore understanding its medications will be a very important point. It is also important to understand the type of care that patients with both mild EFFECTS OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY 5 and acute brain injury will require. More so understanding the early signs of mental injury will be very important. Thus it will be important to understand the cases of brain injury that need to be considered first. You seem to have some good ideas, but your thoughts seem jumbled. To begin with, your thesis statement doesn’t seem broad enough to warrant a ten-page paper. In fact, the following is what I wrote on your first assignment: You did not include your revised questions. The questions listed above are too narrow to be used to write a ten-page paper. If you attempt to write a paper using one of the above questions, it would lead to a repetitive, under-developed paper. In other words, your thesis statement is still too narrow, the same as your questions for the first assignment. However, later on in this assignment, you begin talking about mental illness, which is another topic altogether and is not mentioned in your thesis statement. In fact, your thesis statement is as follows: “Traumatic brain injury is harmful to the brain and may end up causing acute and more chronic consequences that have a capability of leading to a permanent disability thus reducing life expectancy to the affected person.” According to this thesis statement, in the body of your paper, you must talk about acute and chronic consequences for people with TBI which could lead to permanent disability and reduce the patient’s life expectancy. My recommendation is to consider revising this thesis statement by broadening it. You also must broaden your questions from last week’s assignment. Otherwise, your paper is not going to work, as you are going to be off topic or repeat the same information to fill the pages. In addition, you must make sure that there are enough peer-reviewed/scholarly sources to write your paper because I hold my students to assignment instructions. In other words, I will not accept Internet sources or magazine and newspaper articles only. You must fulfill your quota of peer-reviewed and scholarly sources for this assignment. Please let me know if you have any questions, as I’m here to help. Just let me know how to help, and I’ll be happy to oblige.
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Excellent resource! Really helped me get the gist of things.

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