Columbia Southern Gun Control Regulations to Reduce Crime Research Paper

User Generated

zhfvpsernx

Writing

Columbia Southern University

Description

Draft of Introduction and Literature Review

Follow the directions below for the completion of the introduction and literature review draft assignment for Unit IV. If you have questions, please email your professor for assistance.

Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to begin drafting your academic argumentative research paper.

Description: In this assignment, you will first write your literature review; then, you will write your introduction. Please see "Lesson 4: The Introduction" for details on why it is suggested that you begin the drafting process with the literature review instead of the introduction. The following details are requirements of the assignment:

  • Introduction (9-12 well-developed sentences/approximately 350 words): For more details about what is expected for each of the following sentences, please see "Lesson 4: The Introduction." You may also want to review the "Example Introduction and Literature Review (with comments)." The following components must be included in the introduction (in the following order).
    • Sentence 1: Introduce the general topic
    • Sentence 2: Pro side (general)
    • Sentence 3: Con side (general)
    • Sentence 4: Narrow the scope (1)
    • Sentence 5: Examples of the narrowed topic
    • Sentence 6: Narrow the scope (2)
    • Sentence 7: Specific controversy
    • Sentence 8: Pro side (specific)
    • Sentence 9: Con side (specific)
    • Sentence 10: The thesis
  • Literature Review (800-900 words): For details about the structure of the literature review, you will want to review "Lesson 3: The Literature Review: The Process." You may also want to review the "Example Introduction and Literature Review (with comments)." The link is below.
    • Literature review preface: This paragraph acts as a guide to what the reader can expect in the literature review.
    • Literature review body: This section includes three to four body paragraphs that discuss the history, terminology, and both sides of the controversy (pro and con).
    • Literature review conclusion: The conclusion signals that the literature review is ending, but it also acts as a kind of preface for the body of the paper by restating the thesis statement and establishing your argument once again.
  • Demonstrate how to summarize and paraphrase source materials.
  • Demonstrate the avoidance of plagiarism through proper use of APA citations and references for all paraphrased and quoted material.

Example: Click here to access the example introduction and literature review. Note: The conclusion is not presented in this example; however, the literature review conclusion is a requirement of the assignment.

Unformatted Attachment Preview

1 Unit IV Lesson 4: The Introduction Introduction We suggest that you complete your introduction after you write your literature review. Why is that? There are a few reasons why writing your introduction second is a better idea than writing it before the literature review. • • The introduction is a kind of summary: The introduction presents the reader with a general understanding of the topics that the paper will cover. It is often easier to write this summary after you write the literature review: The literature review is a section of the paper that paraphrases and summarizes the basic arguments that are presented within the controversy. Many times, establishing what you already know about the controversy by writing the literature review can help you to better know what should be included in the introduction. There are even those who begin writing their literature review and then continue on to the body and conclusion before writing the introduction last. While this is not the order that we will be writing your paper, it is good to know that while the introduction may come first in the paper, it is not often written first. In fact, many writers return to the introduction after they have completed an entire draft in order to change the details of the sentences, including adjusting the thesis statement to match the content of the paper itself. What is an Introduction? An introduction is the first paragraph of a research paper. We know that an introduction should preface the material that comes afterwards by familiarizing the reader with the general concepts. The thesis statement should be placed at the end of this paragraph. The Purpose of the Introduction An introduction sets the stage for the rest of your paper. If you do not include an introduction or your introduction is weak, the reader may have difficulty understanding your topic or your argument. Whatever you include in the introduction becomes the foundation for the entire paper, so you want to give the reader a strong understanding of what you will be doing for the rest of the paper. The Content A good introduction should have a logical flow. The best way to achieve this characteristic is to begin with the general topic and then move into more detailed specifics so that your reader will best understand how you came to your thesis statement. To illustrate this concept, let’s take a 2 look at an example introduction below, and then parse the rhetorical moves that the writer is making to better understand how you can achieve a logical flow in your own work. Below is Amanda’s paper. She wanted to write about gun control, but she realized early on in her project that she could not write about all of gun control, so she decided to focus on the issue of mass shootings. To help her narrow the scope of the project even further, she decided to weigh in on a controversy that she has seen in the local news: the controversy about a state legislative bill (SB 1474) that would allow students, teachers, and staff to openly carry firearms on university campuses in Arizona. Now, let’s take a look at Amanda’s introduction to her research paper; then let’s take a closer look at the moves she is making: Much has been made in the past few years about gun restrictions in the United States. Proponents of gun regulation are in a constant state of lobbying for state and federal bills that restrict access to firearms, whether that takes the form of more extensive background checks on potential gun owners or longer waiting periods before guns may be sold to individuals. On the other side, the National Rifle Association (NRA) and other likeminded individuals advocate for looser restrictions on the sale and carrying of firearms. For these supporters of pro-gun legislation, owning and carrying guns is a fundamental right—even a civil right. While this national debate continues to loom over the hot topic of guns, there are breaking news stories, especially within the last few months, that bring this fundamental debate to the threshold of our nation’s colleges, high schools, and even elementary schools. Seung-Hui Cho’s massacre at Virginia Tech (April 16, 2007) is perhaps one of the more infamous school shootings, but there are others that are perhaps more difficult to remember, like the deaths of 27 killed at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newton, Connecticut (December 14, 2012). Shootings like these in educational settings have drawn attention from both anti-gun proponents and pro-gun lobbyists, and the State of Arizona is no exception to this firestorm. The Arizona State Legislature has proposed SB 1474, a gun bill that will allow students and faculty to carry guns on the campus grounds of its three state-funded universities. Supporters of the bill claim that Arizona is an open-carry state, and those rights should not be restricted simply because the carrier crosses the border of a college campus. Those against the bill assert that guns have no place in education and that those who support the bill are only after their own election-year agendas. While the Second Amendment should be upheld, the educational learning environment should be protected; therefore, SB 1474 is a detrimental and dangerous bill that has the potential to change the university campus culture in Arizona state universities. Now that you have read through the introduction completely, let’s label the rhetorical moves she is making so that we can create a list of moves that you will want to emulate when you write your own paper. Sentence 1 (S1): Much has been made in the past few years about gun restrictions in the United States. Proponents of gun regulation are in a constant state of lobbying for state and federal bills that restrict access to firearms, whether that takes the form of more extensive background checks on potential gun owners or longer waiting periods before guns may be sold to individuals. 3 S1 Explanation: This sentence introduces the main topic of the paper, which is “gun control.” The topic is presented in a generalized manner. In addition, this sentence does the double work of introducing the con side of the argument. Sentence 2 & 3: On the other side, the National Rifle Association (NRA) and other like-minded individuals advocate for looser restrictions on the sale and carrying of firearms. For these supporters of pro-gun legislation, owning and carrying guns is a fundamental right—even a civil right. S2 & 3 Explanation: This sentence follows S1 by introducing the position of the pro side. Again, Amanda is general, focusing on the larger controversy. Sentence 4: While this national debate continues to loom over the hot topic of guns, there are breaking news stories, especially within the last few months, that bring this fundamental debate to the threshold of our nation’s colleges, high schools, and even elementary schools. S4 Explanation: Amanda begins to narrow the scope of the project by pointing toward a specific debate within the larger controversy of gun control: gun control in educational settings. Sentence 5: Seung-Hui Cho’s massacre at Virginia Tech (April 16, 2007) is perhaps one of the more infamous school shootings, but there are others that are perhaps more difficult to remember, like the deaths of 27 killed at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newton, Connecticut (December 14, 2012). S5 Explanation: This sentence brings in examples from the news. Note that these are examples of school shootings with which most readers will be familiar because of their infamous nature. These examples ground the project to what is at stake in making arguments about the topic, specifically mass shootings within educational settings. The inclusion of these examples is not about the con or pro sides of the controversy; instead, these examples enable the reader to connect with the content. Sentence 6: Shootings like these in educational settings have drawn attention from both anti-gun proponents and pro-gun lobbyists, and the State of Arizona is no exception to this firestorm. S6 Explanation: Again, the writer narrows the scope of the project by moving from gun control in the educational setting to a specific location: the State of Arizona. Sentence 7: The Arizona State Legislature has proposed SB 1474, a gun bill that will allow students and faculty to carry guns on the campus grounds of its three state-funded universities. S7 Explanation: In this sentence, the writer introduces the specific topic of the project: the controversy around . This sentence is not about the pro or con sides, but is about providing information to the reader so that the reader understands what the object of controversy is. 4 Sentence 8 & 9: Supporters of the bill claim that Arizona is an open-carry state, and those rights should not be restricted simply because the carrier crosses the border of a college campus. Those against the bill assert that guns have no place in education and that those who support the bill are only after their own election-year agendas. S8 & 9 Explanation: Amanda presents the con and pro sides of the controversy by introducing the specific positions of first the con and then the pro sides. Sentence 10: While the Second Amendment should be upheld, the educational learning environment should be protected; therefore, SB 1474 is a detrimental and dangerous bill that has the potential to change the university campus culture in Arizona state universities. S10 Explanation: The writer presents her thesis statement at the end of the paragraph as the last sentence. Amanda responds to the controversy by crafting a thesis statement that simultaneously agrees and disagrees. The Form The introduction should be written in one paragraph. The average introduction for a research paper like this one has around 10 sentences, like the example above. Let’s take a look at the list of moves that you will need to make for your own introduction. Each sentence has a purpose and delivers information that will help your reader to better understand the controversy at hand and your thesis statement response to that controversy. One way that an introduction is often described is that it is much like an inverted pyramid, wherein the top is generalized (large-scale topic) and the bottom is very narrow (the thesis statement). Let’s take a look at a visual: 5 S1: General topic S2: Pro side (general) S3: Con side (general) S4: Narrow the scope (1) S5: Example(s) of this narrowed scope S6: Narrow the scope (2) S7: Specific controversy S8: Pro side (specific) S9: Con side (specific) S10: Thesis Sentence 1: Introduce the general topic: In this first sentence, you will present the main generalized topic of your project, so do not include the specifics of your project just yet. Sentence 2: Pro side: Present the position of the pro side on the generalized topic. (Note: The con side can be presented first.) Sentence 3: Con side: Present the position of the con side on the generalized topic. (Note: The pro side can be presented first.) Sentence 4: Narrowing the scope (1): The topic will be narrowed twice in the introduction. This is the first narrowing. No matter how you narrow, you want to find a way to hone the scope of the project so that you are not covering a topic that is far too generalized. As we have discussed before, the more narrowed your topic, the more you will have to say about the specific situation. In the example, Amanda narrowed the first time by narrowing the topic to gun control within an educational setting. 6 Sentence 5: Examples of the narrowed topic: This sentence is optional, but you should be encouraged to include at least one example because including an example will help the reader to understand what it is that you are discussing. Further, as discussed above, including an example will also help the reader relate to the topic. So often, our explanations are not as helpful as one or two good examples that drive home a point that cannot be easily grasped otherwise. Sentence 6: Narrow the scope (2): In this sentence, you are narrowing the scope again. In the example, Amanda narrowed from the topic of gun control within educational settings to a specific location: Arizona. Sentence 7: Specific controversy: This is a key sentence in your introduction because this is where the readers will finally be introduced to the specific controversy that you will be discussing within the paper. This sentence introduces the focal point of the entire project. Sentence 8: Pro side (specific): Now that the reader knows the specific controversy, you are able to introduce the pro side’s position on the specific topic. In this way, this sentence prefaces the deeper discussion that you included in the literature review. Sentence 9: Con side (specific): The specific position of the con side is introduced. Sentence 10: The thesis: The last sentence of your paragraph will assert your thesis statement. Again, your thesis statement should be a response to the controversy. You should agree, disagree, or agree and disagree simultaneously. Follow the sentence template above and see the example introduction and literature review for more direction. Reflection In this unit, we have discussed both the introduction and the literature review. Throughout the process of writing both of these sections, you have no doubt gained a better understanding of the controversy that you are exploring with your paper. You probably have a better sense of your argument and what you would like your points to be for your body paragraphs. Consider what you have experienced over the last few weeks. We are at the halfway point in the course, so think about how far you have come. Research Topic: Effectiveness of Gun control regulations as a method to reduce crime The topic of gun control measures to minimize crime interests me. I have some ideas about the topic of gun control. The U.S has more than 120.5 guns in every 100 people. The total number of guns in the U.S can be approximated to 393,347,000. The total number of guns in the U.S is the highest in the world. 35% of men and 12% of women own guns in America, the total population who own guns is 22%. Proponents believe that gun control regulation will reduce deaths as a result of gunshots in the United States. I am interested in the many gun owners existing in the U.S and the rising rates of crime. Guns continue to be manufactured and used by people. The thought I have about the topic is that regulating gun ownership will reduce the crime rates in the states. Lack of guns will prevent people from engaging in crime. I expect to discover the effectiveness of gun control regulations as a method to minimize crime in the U.S. I expect to discover the gun control laws and ways they assist in managing crime. I expect to discover opposing arguments to the effectiveness of gun control laws. I hope to learn about probable actions to minimize crime if gun control does not work. I hope to learn about gun control laws in other countries and their effectiveness in minimizing crime. Right now, I assume that gun control laws are an effective method to minimize crime. With gun control laws very few people will own guns, therefore minimizing the potential to commit a crime as the weapon exists. I assume that the less gun owners, the less the crime rates. RUNNING HEAD: EFFECTIVENESS OF GUN CONTROL REGULATIONS AS A METHOD TO REDUCE CRIME 1 Effectiveness of Gun control regulations as a method to reduce crime Student’s name: Columbia Southern University EFFECTIVENESS OF GUN CONTROL REGULATIONS AS A METHOD TO REDUCE CRIME 2 Effectiveness of Gun control regulations as a method to reduce crime Everitt, L., & Pratt, E. (2015). Does the U.S. Need Tougher Gun-Control Laws?. New York Times Upfront, 147(12), 22-23. This article presents a debate on whether the U.S needs more strict gun control laws to manage the high number of crimes. The debate starts by identifying the U.S Supreme Court landmark case ruling of 2008 that allowed people to own guns. Some people argue that the country needs more strict regulations while others argue that the gun control laws interfere with their second amendment rights provided in the constitution. The proponents of gun control laws argue that close to 32,000 people die every year due to gun violence. The country has the highest number of guns, and the problem comes from the owners for instance convicted felons or domestic violence perpetrators. The opponents argue that the gun control measures have failed to control the guns from getting to wrong persons. The resource will be used to support the arguments and provide examples of some of the laws implemented by the former U.S presidents to control gun ownership and how effective they have been. The resource will also be used to support an argument on why there should be no more gun control laws. Gun Control Overview. (2013). Congressional Digest, 92(3), 3. The article discusses gun control and the debate surrounding the gun control laws. The article presents questions that gun regulation policies have raised throughout the years. Some of the arguments raised are whether the constitution allows for the restriction of guns. The other issue is whether gun control equates crime control and whether strict gun control laws will reduce homicide, assault, robbery, and attacks on public figures. The public also questions EFFECTIVENESS OF GUN CONTROL REGULATIONS AS A METHOD TO REDUCE CRIME 3 whether the gun control restrictions will affect the practice of self-defense. The article states that only federal laws have proven effective in managing guns and crime. States with minimal gun control laws will be the highest sources of guns. The second amendment of the constitution is not interfered with as the law was implemented to protect against the state militias. Some opponents of gun control laws argue that crime is not associated with gun possession. This article shall be used to inform the debate as it provides general facts on gun-related statistics including mortality and crime statistics as it relates to gun control debate. It will also be used to illustrate some gun regulations such as National Firearm Act, Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act and Gun Control Act of 1968. Hsiao, T., & Bernstein, C. (2016). Against moderate gun control. Libertarian Papers, 8 Retrieved from https://login.libproxy.edmc.edu/login?url=https://search-proquestcom.libproxy.edmc.edu/docview/2001924933?accountid=34899 Hsiao & Bernstein (2016), presents arguments against gun control laws. Proponents of gun ownership argue that it’s vital for self-defense while the opponents claim it increases social harm. The article disputes measures on gun control proposed by another author David DeGrazia, the moderate gun control. De Grazia argued that owning a gun is likely to cause harm as the individual, the owner of the gun, has high chances of committing suicide or murder. De Grazia states that only individuals who need self-protection and have undergone a handgun safety training. Hsiao & Bernstein dispute De Grazia’s moderate gun control measures are stating that the arguments are narrow and weak. The right-to-carry laws reduced the violent crime rates by 8% and sexual assault cases by 6% as people were prohibited from carrying their guns around. EFFECTIVENESS OF GUN CONTROL REGULATIONS AS A METHOD TO REDUCE CRIME 4 The article is useful to the topic as it presents arguments that both proponents and opponents against the gun control measures to minimize crime might use to support their control measures. Kposowa, A. a., Hamilton, D., & Wang, K. (2016). Impact of Firearm Availability and Gun Regulation on State Suicide Rates. Suicide & Life-Threatening Behavior, 46(6), 678-696. This journal article evaluates the effect of firearm storage practices and the strictness of firearm regulations on suicide rates in each state. Kposowa. Hamilton & Wang relate to gun ownership to the suicide rates in families or households. The presence of guns in a home increased the chances of suicide due to easy accessibility to the weapon. Kposowa et al. (2016) state that over 800000 people across the world die from intentional self-harm. From the year 2005 to 2012, suicide was the tenth leading cause of death in the United States with 51% of the deaths being a result of firearms. Kposowa et al. believe that restricting access to the lethal objects is the most effective way to reduce the suicide and homicide rates. The research discovered that the number of loaded and unlocked guns in households contribute to the increase of crime in the United States. Therefore, gun ownership laws will minimize the incidences of crime. This article shall be used to support the argument on the effectiveness of gun control measures. The article will be useful in providing the varied rates of crimes in states showing its relationship to different gun ownership and storage practices. Lott, J. R. (2013). More guns, less crime: Understanding crime and gun control laws. University of Chicago Press. Lott discusses how crime and gun control laws relate. Since the book’s last edition in ten years to present, more states have implemented the right-to-carry law, from sixteen to thirty-nine EFFECTIVENESS OF GUN CONTROL REGULATIONS AS A METHOD TO REDUCE CRIME 5 states. The book analyzes the effects of the gun laws are first implemented and after the elimination. For instance, the federal assaults weapon ban which was introduced in 1994 and ended in 2004. The book further explores the relationship between gun laws, a number of arrests and convictions, socioeconomic factors and demographic compositions as they relate to violent and property crime. The book evaluates the effectiveness of gun laws such as Brady law, waiting periods, first background checks among others. Lott believes that Brady law and background checks had a long-lasting positive impact on crime rates. The law prevented the transfer of over two million guns and managed to control gun violence. The arguments in this book for and against gun control laws shall inform the research and be used to evaluate the effectiveness of gun control laws as a measure to reduce crime rates. The book also provides general information on gun control laws and crime that will be used to provide information on the research topic. McGinty, E. E., Wolfson, J. A., Sell, T. K., & Webster, D. W. (2016). Common sense or gun control? Political communication and news media framing of firearm sale background checks after Newtown. Journal of health politics, policy, and law, 41(1), 3-40. The 2012 mass shooting in Newtown, Connecticut, compelled the U.S government to implement and enforce gun control policies. The shooting occurred at Sandy Hook Elementary School and led to several deaths including twenty students and six staff. This article evaluates the manner in which news media and political figures communicated the background checks for firearms to relay the information. The news media used reliable and evidence-based facts to present the information to the public. The proponents saw a way to make the laws more strict after the 2012 shooting by implementing background checks and restricting mentally ill persons from owning guns. The opponents campaigned for the laws to be loosened and allow for gun EFFECTIVENESS OF GUN CONTROL REGULATIONS AS A METHOD TO REDUCE CRIME 6 owners to carry their guns to public places. This resource will be useful in informing some gun control laws that were suggested and implemented after the mass attack. The article presents the arguments by both proponents and opponents of the gun control laws and will be used to support the research topic on gun control laws effectiveness. The article shall be used to show the relationship between crime and gun control laws. Vernick, J. S., Alcorn, T., & Horwitz, J. (2017). Background checks for all gun buyers and gun violence restraining orders: state efforts to keep guns from high-risk persons. The Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics, 45(1_suppl), 98-102. Vernick, Alcon & Howrwitz (2017), discuss the practice of conducting a criminal background check on every person who buys a gun from a licensed dealer. The practice aims at preventing the access of firearms to people that pose a danger to themselves or others. Most prohibited offenders attempt to purchase guns from unlicensed online sellers where checks are not required. Vernick et al., states that gun purchase laws significantly affect the rates of violence. Majority of the deaths and crime in the U.S are associated with possession of a firearm. There was a reduction of crime rates by 15.4% due to the permit-to-purchase law in Connecticut, and when Missouri State rejected the law, there was a 16.1% increase in crime rates associated with firearms. The resource will be used to show the different types of background checks implemented in various states across the country to manage gun buyers and ownership by highrisk persons and their effectiveness in minimizing the rates of crime. EFFECTIVENESS OF GUN CONTROL REGULATIONS AS A METHOD TO REDUCE CRIME 7 Unit IV Color Key:  Blue: APA document formatting  Red: Example common mistakes in APA style  Brown: Paragraph number and label  Green: Sentence-level number and explanation Running head: SAFETY FIRST 1 APA header: Note that the title is in capital letters and prefaced by the words “Running head.” The page number is also included. Full title of the paper with the major words beginning with a capital letter Safety First: Open Carry Firearms on Higher Education Campuses in Arizona Student Name Columbia Southern University Name of the institution, which will always be “Columbia Southern University” The student’s first and last name SAFETY FIRST Para 1: Introduction Full title presented again at the top of the page 2 Safety First: Open Carry Firearms on Higher Education Campuses in Arizona S2 &3: Follows S1 by introducing the position of the pro side; again, Amanda is general, focusing on the larger controversy Much has been made in the past few years about gun restrictions in the U.S. Proponents Sentence 1 (S1): Amanda introduces the main topic (gun control) in a generalized manner; this sentence also introduces the con side of the controversy S5: Specific examples from the news. Note that these are examples of school shootings with which most people are familiar. This grounds the project to what is at stake in making arguments about this topic. S7: In this sentence, the writer introduces the specific topic of the project: the controversy around SB1474. S10: Amanda presents her thesis statement. She responds to the controversy by crafting a thesis statement that simultaneousl y agrees and disagrees. of gun regulation are in a constant state of lobbying for state and federal bills that restrict access to firearms, whether that takes the form of more extensive background checks on potential gun owners or longer waiting periods before guns may be sold to individuals. On the other side, the National Rifle Association (NRA) and other like-minded individuals advocate for looser restrictions on the sale and carrying of firearms. For these supporters of pro-gun legislation, owning and carrying guns is a fundamental right—even a civil right. While this national debate continues to loom over the hot topic of guns, there are breaking news stories, especially within S4: Amanda begins to narrow the scope of the project by pointing towards a specific debate within the larger controversy of gun control: gun control in educational settings. the last few months, that bring this fundamental debate to the threshold of our nations colleges, high schools, even elementary schools. Seung-Hui Cho’s massacre at Virginia Tech (April 16, 2007) is perhaps one of the more infamous school shootings, but there are others that are perhaps more difficult to remember, like the deaths of 27 killed at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newton, Connecticut (December 14, 2012) (CNN, 2015). Shootings like these in educational settings have drawn attention from both anti-gun proponents and pro-gun lobbyists, and the State S6: Amanda again narrows the scope of the project by moving from gun control in educational settings to this debate as it takes place in a specific location: Arizona. of Arizona is no exception to this firestorm. The Arizona State legislature has proposed SB 1474, a gun bill that will allow students and faculty to carry guns on the campus grounds of its three state-funded universities. Supporters of the bill claim that Arizona is an open carry state, and those rights should not be restricted simply because the carrier crosses the border of a college campus. Those against the bill assert that guns have no place in education and that those who support the bill are only after their own election-year agendas. While the Second Amendment should be upheld, the educational learning environment should be protected; S8 & 9: Following the same order from above (con first, then pro), Amanda presents the sides of the controversy by introducing each specific position. SAFETY FIRST Shortened version of the title in the header and the page number on each page 3 therefore, SB 1474 is a detrimental and dangerous bill that has the potential to change the university campus culture in Arizona state universities. Para 2: Preface of the Literature Review This is a second-level heading. It is left-hand justified and bold. All major words are capitalized. This tells the reader that this next section is a division of the first-level heading that is directly above. The Literature Review First-level heading: All major sections of the paper will be first-level, including The Literature Review, Body, and Conclusion. You may choose to mark the Introduction, but it is typically not done because the title of the paper stands for the heading level. Note that the title is centered and bold with sentence-case capitalization. In order to better understanding the origins of SB1474 and the controversy that surrounds it, the history of gun violence in school settings must be taken into account; therefore, a brief look at some of the events of the past few decades is presented. Further, this review will examine in greater detail the positions of the two sides of the controversy, beginning with the pro-SB1474 side, which is in favor of allowing open carry on all Arizona state-funded campuses. Then the position of those against SB1474 will be presented; again, this con side is arguing for Arizona campuses to remain as they are now: a place without firearms. A Brief Look at Gun Violence in Schools Para 3: Brief History Amanda has made a mistake: Only the ampersand (&) should be used in a parenthetical citation. The topic of gun control in educational environments exploded in 1999 when Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold walked into a virtually unknown high school in Littleton, CO, and killed This citation is in APA. It shows the authors and year of publication. This sentence is a paraphrase of Gibbs and Roche. The reader can look at the references page to find the original document. Note how Amanda prefaces the LR by giving the reader an idea of what will be included. You might also note that the paragraph is written in passive voice so that she can avoid using personal pronouns such as “I.” twelve students and one teacher (Gibbs and Roche, 1999). Questions of how such events could occur and concerns about the violence of which teens and young adults are capable became the concern of pressured administrators and horrified parents in big cities and small towns alike. A string of school gun-centered violence followed over the next few years. Perhaps most striking though was the way in which this one incident changed the culture of America: clear backpacks, more metal detectors, and (of course) fear. Cloud (1999) points out some of the extreme, “zero tolerance” actions taken by schools shortly following the Columbine shootings: A seven-year-old boy in Cahokia, Ill., is suspended for having a nail clipper at school. A 10th-grader at Surry County High School in Virginia is booted for having blue-dyed hair. This quotation is called a “block.” If a quotation is over 40 words long, then you must “block” it by removing the quotation marks and indenting the entire quotation 1/2” from the left-hand margin. If this quotation would have been from a print text, then the page number would have been included at the end of the sentence, but it was an electronic source. Here is another way to include a parenthetical citation. Amanda has incorporated the author’s name into the sentence. Note that the year of publication is presented after the author, but there is no citation at the end of the sentence because the information is already presented at the beginning. SAFETY FIRST There are three second-level headings in the LR. Headings help you and the reader to see the organization of your paper. 4 A Minnesota high school nixes a yearbook photo of an Army enlistee in the senior class because it shows her sitting atop a cannon outside a Veterans of Foreign Wars post. Far from the exception, these actions considered these many years later seem unreasonable, even in a post-9/11 world filled with uncertainty. The Argument for Open Carry Everywhere in Arizona Para 4: Pro side However, in Arizona, the newly proposed SB 1474 would not seek to disarm students; on the contrary, the bill would allow students the right to concealed carry on state-funded university Amanda presents a closer look at the pro side before the con side. Note that she is not engaging with the arguments, only presenting them as fairly as she can. The LR is about the arguments of others. Amanda knows she will be able to make her own arguments in the Body of the paper. campuses. Proponents of the bill assert that such a measure is long over due. According to an NRA poster that were taped to message boards all over The University of Arizona campus, “[s]elf-defense is one of the most fundamental rights of every human being.” Further, the poster states that the NRA has worked diligently over the past 25 years to expand the right of open carry: the NRA has been “working for passage of fair Right-to-Carry laws, expansion of carry reciprocity between the states and the elimination of many ‘no-carry’ zones that only affect the law-abiding.” For the NRA, one of the major private-public backers of the SB 1474, the restriction of concealed carry on college campuses is an infringement on these basic rights. The flyer goes on to state the following: Those who oppose campus carry [of firearms] argue that educational institutions should be treated differently, based on emotional claims that places of higher learning are somehow exempt from real-world violence. But the truth is, despite current prohibitions on legally carrying on campuses, crimes already occur on campus, and the right to selfdefense from those violent acts should be respected. (NRA, 2012) The NRA is correct. In fact, given the number of school-related shootings in the past few months alone, it would seem that a student’s chances of being shot on campus seem greater than if that SAFETY FIRST 5 same student were walking the streets of the community. From larger cities to small towns, it seems that the size of the community does not matter: the violence of a shooting can occur anywhere. However, even with this fact floating in the backs of students’ minds, students must still attend classes and while it would seem obvious that lawmakers on both sides want student safety, they just see the means to that safety from different sides of the same coin. The Case for Campuses as Unique Para 5: Con side This citation is correct. Amanda did not have to include the author’s first name, but it is fine to do so the first time that the author’s name is mentioned. Eugene Sander (2012), the Interim President of the University of Arizona, released the following statement about SB 1474: “I have been a gun owner for all my adult life, and am fully supportive of the right to own a gun. However, having faculty, staff or students bringing weapons into classrooms and other campus activities will do nothing to make our campus safer.” Amanda has made a mistake. Each time an author is included, the year of publication must follow. So this should read as follows: “While Sander (2012)…” While Sander does not go into detail about what this newly proposed bill does have to do with, he makes his case on the basis that 50,000 students, staff, and faculty attend the campus daily, along with over 20,000 visitors annually. For Sander (2015), the educational environment is a “unique atmosphere that is dependent on open and vigorous debate. Introducing guns into Amanda has made a mistake. The actual year of the publication is 2012. Be careful about editing for errors like this in your own paper. classrooms would dramatically and negatively impact the ability to engage in constructive dialogue.” In other words, even if the NRA does not believe that the university is a unique atmosphere, as Sander and others do, then there is still a possibility that introducing the right to carry concealed weapons on campus might lead to a change to the very culture of the university. Para 6: LR Conclusion While Arizona lawmakers continue to debate the merits of SB1474, the public debate grows, as this issue concerns both public safety and citizens’ rights. Because the three state S1&2: Amanda creates a topic sentence that encapsulates the concern of the controversy, and she includes a second sentence to increase understanding. universities in Arizona are publically funded, the debate about allowing open carry is very much a concern held by the communities in which these universities reside. Those who are in favor of the change to an open carry status on university campuses wish (a) for the open carry laws of the S3: Amanda summarizes the two main arguments of the pro side, which favors the passing of SB1474. S4: Amanda summarizes the main argument of the con side, those who are against the passing of SB1474. SAFETY FIRST 6 State of Arizona to be extended to all areas, which includes all publically funding institutions, such as the universities, and (b) for the open carry of firearms to act as a deterrent to gun-related violence on college campuses. For those who are against the passing of SB1474, many of whom occupy the space of the university as professors, students, or administrators, the question of allowing the open carry of firearms is no actual question at all: there is simply no need to involve weapons in a space that is meant for open dialogue and debate. In as much as the Second Amendment should be observed and upheld in the fashion adopted by the State of Arizona in the form of open carry, the university setting is unique in that concerns about open and free expression should be at the forefront—essentially making this bill a potentially dangerous one that should be reconsidered or withdrawn completely. S5: Amanda reiterates her own position by reasserting her thesis statement. Note that the thesis statement is slightly different than the original at the end of the Introduction paragraph. SAFETY FIRST An APA list of references should be labeled “References,” NOT “Works Cited” or “Bibliography.” The last name is presented first; then the first name and middle (if present) is included as initials. An ampersand (&) is used for more than one author. Last names are always presented first. 7 Titles in APA are presented in sentence-case capitalization, meaning that only the first word or any proper noun should begin with a capital letter. References CNN Library. (2015, October 19). 28 deadliest mass shootings in U.S. history fast facts. CNN. Retrieved from http://www.cnn.com/2013/09/16/us/20-deadliest-mass-shootings-in-u-s- Proper nouns always begin with a capital letter. history-fast-facts/ Cloud, J. (1999). The Columbine effect. Time. Retrieved from http://content.time.com/time/ magazine/article/0,9171,35098,00.html Gibbs, N. & Roche, T. (1999). The Columbine tapes. Time. Retrieved from http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,992873,00.html National Rifle Association. (2012). Arizona self-Defense on campus [Flyer]. NRA: Author. Sander, Eugene. (2012, March 20). UA President opposes campus guns bill. KGUN-TV. Amanda has made a mistake by including the full name of the author here. Retrieved from http://www.kgun9.com Amanda has made a mistake. This capital letter “D” should not be capitalized. RUNNING HEAD: EFFECTIVENESS OF GUN CONTROL REGULATIONS AS A METHOD TO REDUCE CRIME Effectiveness of Gun control regulations as a method to reduce crime Student’s name: Columbia Southern University 1 EFFECTIVENESS OF GUN CONTROL REGULATIONS AS A METHOD TO REDUCE CRIME 2 Effectiveness of Gun control regulations as a method to reduce crime The Topic The U.S has the highest number of guns across the world with the number being approximately 400 billion. More than 22% of the population own guns, with close to 35% male and 12% female owners Gun deaths are ranked twelfth under causes of death (Everitt & Pratt, 2015). For several years debates have been held to question and determine the effectiveness of gun control measures in minimizing crime. People have explained on the advantages of the gun control laws such as background checks and the disadvantages in an attempt to reduce the rates of crime in American states. Gun control laws in the past and present years include National Firearm Act, the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act and the Gun Control Act of 1968. Storage practices have equally been associated with the increase in crime related to firearms. Controversy The effectiveness of gun control laws as a method of minimizing crime has been an ongoing concern for many in the united states both lawmakers and citizens (Vernick, Alcon & Howrwitz, 2017). Many people do not agree that gun control laws impact the rate of crime in society. However, there are some who believe the laws are the most efficient way to manage the increasing rates of crime resulting from firearms. The effectiveness of the gun control measures has been seen in several states such as Connecticut and others continue to formulate and implement the laws. However, the question remains the necessity and effectiveness of the gun control laws. EFFECTIVENESS OF GUN CONTROL REGULATIONS AS A METHOD TO REDUCE CRIME 3 Pro side of the controversy Proponents of gun control laws as a measure to minimize the crime state that guns that are owned legally by people are often stolen by criminals and used to commit a crime. Poor storage of the firearms contributes to them being taken and used. According to government statistics, 1.4 million guns were stolen from homes during the year 2005 and 2010. Implementing mandatory gun safety features will minimize the rate of accidental deaths from firearms (Lott, 2013). Kposowa. Hamilton & Wang (2016) discovered that the presence of unlocked and loaded guns in a home increased the number of suicide attempts. The proponents argue that gun control laws reduce the risk of suicide. Kposowa et al. (2016), state that firearms cause 51% of suicide deaths in the U.S. The proponents argue that civilians that are armed would not provide safety and protection instead likely to commit crimes such as mass shootings. According to McGinty, Wolfson, Sell & Webster (2016), the mass shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary school which was a failure by the government to ensure the gun did not reach a high-risk individual, the attacker. Con side of the Controversy Several individuals have opposed the gun control laws as they interfere with the second amendment right of American citizens to own guns (Gun Control Overview, 2013). The constitution allows citizens to own guns for reasons such as self-defense. Therefore, gun control laws hinder the people’s right to own guns which denies them the feeling of safety and right to life (Everitt & Pratt, 2015). The police are not able to protect everyone, only the right people with guns can stop the violent ones with guns. The opponents argue that gun control laws are EFFECTIVENESS OF GUN CONTROL REGULATIONS AS A METHOD TO REDUCE CRIME 4 ineffective. A study showed that nine out of the twenty-five states that implemented gun control laws increased the gun death rates (Kalesan, Mobily, Keiser, Fagan & Galea, 2016). Tentative Thesis Statement Gun control laws are effective ways to reduce crime because limiting the number of guns through regulation of ownership, implementation of safety practices and bans will keep the firearms away from high-risk individuals thus reduce the probability of committing a crime. EFFECTIVENESS OF GUN CONTROL REGULATIONS AS A METHOD TO REDUCE CRIME 5 References Everitt, L., & Pratt, E. (2015). Does the U.S. Need Tougher Gun-Control Laws?. New York Times Upfront, 147(12), 22-23. Gun Control Overview. (2013). Congressional Digest, 92(3), 3. Kalesan, B., Mobily, M. E., Keiser, O., Fagan, J. A., & Galea, S. (2016). Firearm legislation and firearm mortality in the USA: a cross-sectional, state-level study. The Lancet, 387(10030), 1847-1855. Kposowa, A. a., Hamilton, D., & Wang, K. (2016). Impact of Firearm Availability and Gun Regulation on State Suicide Rates. Suicide & Life-Threatening Behavior, 46(6), 678-696. Lott, J. R. (2013). More guns, less crime: Understanding crime and gun control laws. University of Chicago Press. McGinty, E. E., Wolfson, J. A., Sell, T. K., & Webster, D. W. (2016). Common sense or gun control? Political communication and news media framing of firearm sale background checks after Newtown. Journal of health politics, policy, and law, 41(1), 3-40. Vernick, J. S., Alcorn, T., & Horwitz, J. (2017). Background checks for all gun buyers and gun violence restraining orders: state efforts to keep guns from high-risk persons. The Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics, 45(1_suppl), 98-102. Unit IV Color Key:  Blue: APA document formatting  Red: Example common mistakes in APA style  Brown: Paragraph number and label  Green: Sentence-level number and explanation Running head: SAFETY FIRST 1 APA header: Note that the title is in capital letters and prefaced by the words “Running head.” The page number is also included. Full title of the paper with the major words beginning with a capital letter Safety First: Open Carry Firearms on Higher Education Campuses in Arizona Student Name Columbia Southern University Name of the institution, which will always be “Columbia Southern University” The student’s first and last name SAFETY FIRST Para 1: Introduction Full title presented again at the top of the page 2 Safety First: Open Carry Firearms on Higher Education Campuses in Arizona S2 &3: Follows S1 by introducing the position of the pro side; again, Amanda is general, focusing on the larger controversy Much has been made in the past few years about gun restrictions in the U.S. Proponents Sentence 1 (S1): Amanda introduces the main topic (gun control) in a generalized manner; this sentence also introduces the con side of the controversy S5: Specific examples from the news. Note that these are examples of school shootings with which most people are familiar. This grounds the project to what is at stake in making arguments about this topic. S7: In this sentence, the writer introduces the specific topic of the project: the controversy around SB1474. S10: Amanda presents her thesis statement. She responds to the controversy by crafting a thesis statement that simultaneousl y agrees and disagrees. of gun regulation are in a constant state of lobbying for state and federal bills that restrict access to firearms, whether that takes the form of more extensive background checks on potential gun owners or longer waiting periods before guns may be sold to individuals. On the other side, the National Rifle Association (NRA) and other like-minded individuals advocate for looser restrictions on the sale and carrying of firearms. For these supporters of pro-gun legislation, owning and carrying guns is a fundamental right—even a civil right. While this national debate continues to loom over the hot topic of guns, there are breaking news stories, especially within S4: Amanda begins to narrow the scope of the project by pointing towards a specific debate within the larger controversy of gun control: gun control in educational settings. the last few months, that bring this fundamental debate to the threshold of our nations colleges, high schools, even elementary schools. Seung-Hui Cho’s massacre at Virginia Tech (April 16, 2007) is perhaps one of the more infamous school shootings, but there are others that are perhaps more difficult to remember, like the deaths of 27 killed at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newton, Connecticut (December 14, 2012) (CNN, 2015). Shootings like these in educational settings have drawn attention from both anti-gun proponents and pro-gun lobbyists, and the State S6: Amanda again narrows the scope of the project by moving from gun control in educational settings to this debate as it takes place in a specific location: Arizona. of Arizona is no exception to this firestorm. The Arizona State legislature has proposed SB 1474, a gun bill that will allow students and faculty to carry guns on the campus grounds of its three state-funded universities. Supporters of the bill claim that Arizona is an open carry state, and those rights should not be restricted simply because the carrier crosses the border of a college campus. Those against the bill assert that guns have no place in education and that those who support the bill are only after their own election-year agendas. While the Second Amendment should be upheld, the educational learning environment should be protected; S8 & 9: Following the same order from above (con first, then pro), Amanda presents the sides of the controversy by introducing each specific position. SAFETY FIRST Shortened version of the title in the header and the page number on each page 3 therefore, SB 1474 is a detrimental and dangerous bill that has the potential to change the university campus culture in Arizona state universities. Para 2: Preface of the Literature Review This is a second-level heading. It is left-hand justified and bold. All major words are capitalized. This tells the reader that this next section is a division of the first-level heading that is directly above. The Literature Review First-level heading: All major sections of the paper will be first-level, including The Literature Review, Body, and Conclusion. You may choose to mark the Introduction, but it is typically not done because the title of the paper stands for the heading level. Note that the title is centered and bold with sentence-case capitalization. In order to better understanding the origins of SB1474 and the controversy that surrounds it, the history of gun violence in school settings must be taken into account; therefore, a brief look at some of the events of the past few decades is presented. Further, this review will examine in greater detail the positions of the two sides of the controversy, beginning with the pro-SB1474 side, which is in favor of allowing open carry on all Arizona state-funded campuses. Then the position of those against SB1474 will be presented; again, this con side is arguing for Arizona campuses to remain as they are now: a place without firearms. A Brief Look at Gun Violence in Schools Para 3: Brief History Amanda has made a mistake: Only the ampersand (&) should be used in a parenthetical citation. The topic of gun control in educational environments exploded in 1999 when Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold walked into a virtually unknown high school in Littleton, CO, and killed This citation is in APA. It shows the authors and year of publication. This sentence is a paraphrase of Gibbs and Roche. The reader can look at the references page to find the original document. Note how Amanda prefaces the LR by giving the reader an idea of what will be included. You might also note that the paragraph is written in passive voice so that she can avoid using personal pronouns such as “I.” twelve students and one teacher (Gibbs and Roche, 1999). Questions of how such events could occur and concerns about the violence of which teens and young adults are capable became the concern of pressured administrators and horrified parents in big cities and small towns alike. A string of school gun-centered violence followed over the next few years. Perhaps most striking though was the way in which this one incident changed the culture of America: clear backpacks, more metal detectors, and (of course) fear. Cloud (1999) points out some of the extreme, “zero tolerance” actions taken by schools shortly following the Columbine shootings: A seven-year-old boy in Cahokia, Ill., is suspended for having a nail clipper at school. A 10th-grader at Surry County High School in Virginia is booted for having blue-dyed hair. This quotation is called a “block.” If a quotation is over 40 words long, then you must “block” it by removing the quotation marks and indenting the entire quotation 1/2” from the left-hand margin. If this quotation would have been from a print text, then the page number would have been included at the end of the sentence, but it was an electronic source. Here is another way to include a parenthetical citation. Amanda has incorporated the author’s name into the sentence. Note that the year of publication is presented after the author, but there is no citation at the end of the sentence because the information is already presented at the beginning. SAFETY FIRST There are three second-level headings in the LR. Headings help you and the reader to see the organization of your paper. 4 A Minnesota high school nixes a yearbook photo of an Army enlistee in the senior class because it shows her sitting atop a cannon outside a Veterans of Foreign Wars post. Far from the exception, these actions considered these many years later seem unreasonable, even in a post-9/11 world filled with uncertainty. The Argument for Open Carry Everywhere in Arizona Para 4: Pro side However, in Arizona, the newly proposed SB 1474 would not seek to disarm students; on the contrary, the bill would allow students the right to concealed carry on state-funded university Amanda presents a closer look at the pro side before the con side. Note that she is not engaging with the arguments, only presenting them as fairly as she can. The LR is about the arguments of others. Amanda knows she will be able to make her own arguments in the Body of the paper. campuses. Proponents of the bill assert that such a measure is long over due. According to an NRA poster that were taped to message boards all over The University of Arizona campus, “[s]elf-defense is one of the most fundamental rights of every human being.” Further, the poster states that the NRA has worked diligently over the past 25 years to expand the right of open carry: the NRA has been “working for passage of fair Right-to-Carry laws, expansion of carry reciprocity between the states and the elimination of many ‘no-carry’ zones that only affect the law-abiding.” For the NRA, one of the major private-public backers of the SB 1474, the restriction of concealed carry on college campuses is an infringement on these basic rights. The flyer goes on to state the following: Those who oppose campus carry [of firearms] argue that educational institutions should be treated differently, based on emotional claims that places of higher learning are somehow exempt from real-world violence. But the truth is, despite current prohibitions on legally carrying on campuses, crimes already occur on campus, and the right to selfdefense from those violent acts should be respected. (NRA, 2012) The NRA is correct. In fact, given the number of school-related shootings in the past few months alone, it would seem that a student’s chances of being shot on campus seem greater than if that SAFETY FIRST 5 same student were walking the streets of the community. From larger cities to small towns, it seems that the size of the community does not matter: the violence of a shooting can occur anywhere. However, even with this fact floating in the backs of students’ minds, students must still attend classes and while it would seem obvious that lawmakers on both sides want student safety, they just see the means to that safety from different sides of the same coin. The Case for Campuses as Unique Para 5: Con side This citation is correct. Amanda did not have to include the author’s first name, but it is fine to do so the first time that the author’s name is mentioned. Eugene Sander (2012), the Interim President of the University of Arizona, released the following statement about SB 1474: “I have been a gun owner for all my adult life, and am fully supportive of the right to own a gun. However, having faculty, staff or students bringing weapons into classrooms and other campus activities will do nothing to make our campus safer.” Amanda has made a mistake. Each time an author is included, the year of publication must follow. So this should read as follows: “While Sander (2012)…” While Sander does not go into detail about what this newly proposed bill does have to do with, he makes his case on the basis that 50,000 students, staff, and faculty attend the campus daily, along with over 20,000 visitors annually. For Sander (2015), the educational environment is a “unique atmosphere that is dependent on open and vigorous debate. Introducing guns into Amanda has made a mistake. The actual year of the publication is 2012. Be careful about editing for errors like this in your own paper. classrooms would dramatically and negatively impact the ability to engage in constructive dialogue.” In other words, even if the NRA does not believe that the university is a unique atmosphere, as Sander and others do, then there is still a possibility that introducing the right to carry concealed weapons on campus might lead to a change to the very culture of the university. Para 6: LR Conclusion While Arizona lawmakers continue to debate the merits of SB1474, the public debate grows, as this issue concerns both public safety and citizens’ rights. Because the three state S1&2: Amanda creates a topic sentence that encapsulates the concern of the controversy, and she includes a second sentence to increase understanding. universities in Arizona are publically funded, the debate about allowing open carry is very much a concern held by the communities in which these universities reside. Those who are in favor of the change to an open carry status on university campuses wish (a) for the open carry laws of the S3: Amanda summarizes the two main arguments of the pro side, which favors the passing of SB1474. S4: Amanda summarizes the main argument of the con side, those who are against the passing of SB1474. SAFETY FIRST 6 State of Arizona to be extended to all areas, which includes all publically funding institutions, such as the universities, and (b) for the open carry of firearms to act as a deterrent to gun-related violence on college campuses. For those who are against the passing of SB1474, many of whom occupy the space of the university as professors, students, or administrators, the question of allowing the open carry of firearms is no actual question at all: there is simply no need to involve weapons in a space that is meant for open dialogue and debate. In as much as the Second Amendment should be observed and upheld in the fashion adopted by the State of Arizona in the form of open carry, the university setting is unique in that concerns about open and free expression should be at the forefront—essentially making this bill a potentially dangerous one that should be reconsidered or withdrawn completely. S5: Amanda reiterates her own position by reasserting her thesis statement. Note that the thesis statement is slightly different than the original at the end of the Introduction paragraph. SAFETY FIRST An APA list of references should be labeled “References,” NOT “Works Cited” or “Bibliography.” The last name is presented first; then the first name and middle (if present) is included as initials. An ampersand (&) is used for more than one author. Last names are always presented first. 7 Titles in APA are presented in sentence-case capitalization, meaning that only the first word or any proper noun should begin with a capital letter. References CNN Library. (2015, October 19). 28 deadliest mass shootings in U.S. history fast facts. CNN. Retrieved from http://www.cnn.com/2013/09/16/us/20-deadliest-mass-shootings-in-u-s- Proper nouns always begin with a capital letter. history-fast-facts/ Cloud, J. (1999). The Columbine effect. Time. Retrieved from http://content.time.com/time/ magazine/article/0,9171,35098,00.html Gibbs, N. & Roche, T. (1999). The Columbine tapes. Time. Retrieved from http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,992873,00.html National Rifle Association. (2012). Arizona self-Defense on campus [Flyer]. NRA: Author. Sander, Eugene. (2012, March 20). UA President opposes campus guns bill. KGUN-TV. Amanda has made a mistake by including the full name of the author here. Retrieved from http://www.kgun9.com Amanda has made a mistake. This capital letter “D” should not be capitalized.
Purchase answer to see full attachment
User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following Studypool's honor code & terms of service.

Explanation & Answer

Attached.

RUNNING HEAD: EFFECTIVENESS OF GUN CONTROL REGULATIONS AS A METHOD TO REDUCE
CRIME
1

Effectiveness of Gun control regulations as a method to reduce crime
Student’s name:
Columbia Southern University

EFFECTIVENESS OF GUN CONTROL REGULATIONS AS A METHOD TO REDUCE CRIME

2

Effectiveness of Gun control regulations as a method to reduce crime
Everitt, L., & Pratt, E. (2015). Does the U.S. Need Tougher Gun-Control Laws?. New York
Times Upfront, 147(12), 22-23.
This article presents a debate on whether the U.S needs more strict gun control laws to
manage the high number of crimes. The debate starts by identifying the U.S Supreme Court
landmark case ruling of 2008 that allowed people to own guns. Some people argue that the
country needs more strict regulations while others argue that the gun control laws interfere with
their second amendment rights provided in the constitution. The proponents of gun control laws
argue that close to 32,000 people die every year due to gun violence. The country has the highest
number of guns, and the problem comes from the owners for instance convicted felons or
domestic violence perpetrators. The opponents argue that the gun control measures have failed to
control the guns from getting to wrong persons. The resource will be used to support the
arguments and provide examples of some of the laws implemented by the former U.S presidents
to control gun ownership and how effective they have been. The resource will also be used to
support an argument on why there should be no more gun control laws.

Gun Control Overview. (2013). Congressional Digest, 92(3), 3.
The article discusses gun control and the debate surrounding the gun control laws. The
article presents questions that gun regulation policies have raised throughout the years. Some of
the arguments raised are whether the constitution allows for the restriction of guns. The other
issue is whether gun control equates crime control and whether strict ...


Anonymous
Awesome! Made my life easier.

Studypool
4.7
Trustpilot
4.5
Sitejabber
4.4

Similar Content

Related Tags