Research Paper: Fake News

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Description

PROJECT 3: RESEARCH PAPER

Objective

The purpose of this project is to demonstrate your understanding of the following course concepts:

How companies or organizations and individuals use digital or social media to effectively communicate ideas, information, arguments, and messages to achieve a specific goal.

How digital or social media has transformed the communication of idea, information, and arguments in society.

Access, analyze, interpret, and evaluate digital media to foster learning and to guide decision-making.

Make responsible choices in the creation and consumption of digital media based on awareness of global, social, ethical, and legal contexts.

Project Description

In this project, you will select a topic discussed in class from the list provided below, conduct additional research on the topic, and share this information in a research paper.

Project 3 consists of:

Project Requirements (topics and content to cover)

Paper Requirements (content organization)

Submission Requirements (how to submit your assignment)

APA Resources (how to cite and select sources)

Due Date Information and Late Policy

Project Requirements

Select one of the 15 research topics below and complete ALL THREE sections:

RESEARCH TOPIC:

Topic 7: Fake News (week 3)

Christiane Amanpour & Chris Anderson How to Seek Truth in the Era of Fake News (TED Talk video)

https://www.ted.com/talks/christiane_amanpour_how_to_seek_truth_in_the_era_of_fake_news

SECTION 1: SELECT ONE TOPIC: (Fake News)

Answer the questions below:

Item 1: Which topic did you select?

Item 2: Why does this topic appeal to you?

NOTE 1: Section 1 should be the shortest section of your paper (10-15%).

SECTION 2: SUMMARIZE THE TOPIC YOU SELECTED USING CLASS RESOURCES

Discuss your topic as presented in class.

Item 1: Summarize the information on the topic as presented in the class, using the Read & Watch resources AND any classroom discussion of the topic.

Item 2: Is the topic you selected relevant in a course on digital and social media? Whether you answer yes or no, justify your answer.

Section 2 Sources: Include the source(s) as an in-paper citation and on your References page.

NOTE 2: Section 2 should comprise (30-40%) of your paper.

SECTION 3: CONDUCT ADDITIONAL RESEARCH ON THE TOPIC

Provide additional information on the topic you selected by locating TWO or MORE new resources (in addition to the resources provided in class) to expand your knowledge of the topic.

Item 1: What additional sources did you find on the topic you selected (list at least 2)?

Item 2: Why is each resource you found (a) relevant, (b) credible, (c) accurate, and (d) unbiased based on what you learned from the What is a Credible Source? How to Evaluate Web Resources? Address a-d in your answer.

Item 3: What new information do the two new resources contribute to the topic as presented in class?

Section 3 Sources:Include at least TWO SOURCESrelated to your topic that are NOT presented, discussed, or posted in the weekly Read & Watch in class or posted in the 15 topic list above. Include these sources as in-paper citations and list them on your References page.

NOTE 3: Section 3 should comprise the majority of your paper (45-60%). This is where your primary focus should be.

Paper Requirements

1. Your paper must follow APA format guidelines throughout.

(A sample APA template for you to use is attached to the bottom of this page. It contains Latin placeholder text. Replace the text with your content).

Double-spaced

1-inch Margins

12-point size professional font (e.g. Times New Roman).

Header

Automatic Page numbers

Title page

Reference page

2. Length: Minimum of 1,500

(Title page, Reference page, and direct quotes do not count toward the total word count).

NOTE 4: Going over 1,500 words is fine, but if you are under 1,500 you will be penalized based on the following scale:

One letter grade (10%) for every 100 words you are under the word count minimum.

4. Title Page

Your title page must be APA formatted and include the following:

Project Name

Your Name

Course Name and Section Number

Semester

Instructor’s Name

Title of Research Paper Topic

5. References Page

Your References page must be APA formatted.

6. Sources: Include the source(s) from Section 2 and at least TWO (2) sources in Section 3.

Clarification: Please do not use unprofessional sources such as Wikipedia, About.com, Answers.com, Dictionary.com, How.com, or anything remotely similar. Examples of scholarly sources include textbooks, articles, academic journals, and conference proceedings. Scholarly resources are written by experts in their fields, grounded in research, and often refereed (reviewed and edited by researchers in the field). Examples of professional sources include: trade journals or magazines. Professional sources are written for a specific audience that works in certain field. They are not research-based.

NOTE 5: You can also use social media (e.g. Twitter posts, blogs, YouTube) sources as well as this is a paper about the use of digital and social media.

7. Setup & Organization

Your paper must include the following pages and Level 1 Headings:

Cover Page

Topic Introduction (Section 1)

Topic Discussion (Section 2)

Additional Research (Section 3)

Reference Page

Unformatted Attachment Preview

PROJECT 3: RESEARCH PAPER Objective The purpose of this project is to demonstrate your understanding of the following course concepts: How companies or organizations and individuals use digital or social media to effectively communicate ideas, information, arguments, and messages to achieve a specific goal. How digital or social media has transformed the communication of idea, information, and arguments in society. Access, analyze, interpret, and evaluate digital media to foster learning and to guide decision-making. Make responsible choices in the creation and consumption of digital media based on awareness of global, social, ethical, and legal contexts. Project Description In this project, you will select a topic discussed in class from the list provided below, conduct additional research on the topic, and share this information in a research paper. Project 3 consists of: Project Requirements (topics and content to cover) Paper Requirements (content organization) Submission Requirements (how to submit your assignment) APA Resources (how to cite and select sources) Due Date Information and Late Policy Project Requirements Select one of the 15 research topics below and complete ALL THREE sections: RESEARCH TOPIC: Topic 7: Fake News (week 3) Christiane Amanpour & Chris Anderson How to Seek Truth in the Era of Fake News (TED Talk video) https://www.ted.com/talks/christiane_amanpour_how_to_seek_truth_in_the_era_of_fake_n ews SECTION 1: SELECT ONE TOPIC: (Fake News) Answer the questions below: Item 1: Which topic did you select? Item 2: Why does this topic appeal to you? NOTE 1: Section 1 should be the shortest section of your paper (10-15%). SECTION 2: SUMMARIZE THE TOPIC YOU SELECTED USING CLASS RESOURCES Discuss your topic as presented in class. Item 1: Summarize the information on the topic as presented in the class, using the Read & Watch resources AND any classroom discussion of the topic. Item 2: Is the topic you selected relevant in a course on digital and social media? Whether you answer yes or no, justify your answer. Section 2 Sources: Include the source(s) as an in-paper citation and on your References page. NOTE 2: Section 2 should comprise (30-40%) of your paper. SECTION 3: CONDUCT ADDITIONAL RESEARCH ON THE TOPIC Provide additional information on the topic you selected by locating TWO or MORE new resources (in addition to the resources provided in class) to expand your knowledge of the topic. Item 1: What additional sources did you find on the topic you selected (list at least 2)? Item 2: Why is each resource you found (a) relevant, (b) credible, (c) accurate, and (d) unbiased based on what you learned from the What is a Credible Source? How to Evaluate Web Resources? Address a-d in your answer. Item 3: What new information do the two new resources contribute to the topic as presented in class? Section 3 Sources: Include at least TWO SOURCES related to your topic that are NOT presented, discussed, or posted in the weekly Read & Watch in class or posted in the 15 topic list above. Include these sources as in-paper citations and list them on your References page. NOTE 3: Section 3 should comprise the majority of your paper (45-60%). This is where your primary focus should be. Paper Requirements 1. Your paper must follow APA format guidelines throughout. (A sample APA template for you to use is attached to the bottom of this page. It contains Latin placeholder text. Replace the text with your content). Double-spaced 1-inch Margins 12-point size professional font (e.g. Times New Roman). Header Automatic Page numbers Title page Reference page 2. Length: Minimum of 1,500 (Title page, Reference page, and direct quotes do not count toward the total word count). NOTE 4: Going over 1,500 words is fine, but if you are under 1,500 you will be penalized based on the following scale: One letter grade (10%) for every 100 words you are under the word count minimum. 4. Title Page Your title page must be APA formatted and include the following: Project Name Your Name Course Name and Section Number Semester Instructor’s Name Title of Research Paper Topic 5. References Page Your References page must be APA formatted. 6. Sources: Include the source(s) from Section 2 and at least TWO (2) sources in Section 3. Clarification: Please do not use unprofessional sources such as Wikipedia, About.com, Answers.com, Dictionary.com, How.com, or anything remotely similar. Examples of scholarly sources include textbooks, articles, academic journals, and conference proceedings. Scholarly resources are written by experts in their fields, grounded in research, and often refereed (reviewed and edited by researchers in the field). Examples of professional sources include: trade journals or magazines. Professional sources are written for a specific audience that works in certain field. They are not research-based. You can also use our course content (e.g. Read & Watch resources) as a source as well. UMUC has a top-notch, extensive online library. You can find many scholarly and professional sources there. NOTE 5: You can also use social media (e.g. Twitter posts, blogs, YouTube) sources as well as this is a paper about the use of digital and social media. 7. Setup & Organization Your paper must include the following pages and Level 1 Headings: Cover Page Topic Introduction (Section 1) Topic Discussion (Section 2) Additional Research (Section 3) Reference Page Running head: KONY 2017 SAMPLE TEMPLATE Project 3: Research Paper CMST 301 – Section Professor’s Name KONY 2017 SAMPLE TEMPLATE 2 Section 1: Topic Introduction Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer elementum malesuada suscipit. Duis in orci euismod, vulputate risus quis, rhoncus lorem. Etiam varius auctor diam. Ut a luctus massa, sit amet ultrices justo. Quisque orci libero, ultricies sed imperdiet non, dictum in orci. Aliquam erat volutpat. Etiam rutrum ultrices molestie. Donec lectus nibh, dapibus vitae aliquet ut, consequat nec dolor. Mauris ut tristique augue. Quisque lorem mi, dapibus a hendrerit eu, dapibus ut risus. Cras non risus suscipit, blandit arcu sit amet, venenatis elit. Aenean porttitor sapien ipsum, eu porta metus malesuada ac. Duis tempus aliquet fringilla. Phasellus et justo felis. Sed sed congue neque, nec suscipit magna. Mauris nec pharetra turpis. Proin molestie nisl et pulvinar ultricies. Sed ante odio, vulputate ut malesuada a, blandit ut urna. Praesent vitae ex et sem tincidunt dapibus. Suspendisse potenti. Cras hendrerit quis quam non gravida. Curabitur sit amet odio sed orci aliquam hendrerit a eu massa. Etiam cursus at nulla quis consectetur. Mauris efficitur ipsum non pharetra porttitor. Fusce a augue ac dolor viverra faucibus. Donec libero augue, sagittis pharetra nulla eget, blandit laoreet mauris. Nullam lobortis aliquet facilisis. Mauris pellentesque sodales nulla sit amet semper. Aliquam id ante finibus, egestas purus quis, imperdiet erat. Nunc commodo velit quam, ac aliquam justo sagittis eget. Integer consectetur tortor quis dolor aliquet pulvinar in id leo. Nulla pharetra facilisis nisl, id pulvinar ex tempus quis. Fusce eget cursus lorem. Mauris vehicula, velit eget tempus ullamcorper, erat libero elementum dui, non sagittis metus massa vitae mauris. Donec sed nunc vitae justo tristique sodales ut et ipsum. Suspendisse potenti. Proin nibh enim, interdum vitae ligula eu, malesuada tincidunt enim. Integer at nulla ut dui condimentum lacinia non ut felis. Proin nibh enim, KONY 2017 SAMPLE TEMPLATE 3 interdum vitae ligula eu, malesuada tincidunt enim. Integer at nulla ut dui condimentum lacinia non ut felis. Section 2: Topic Discussion Donec ac eros a diam suscipit egestas. Nullam ac risus massa. Nam ornare libero dolor, ut faucibus elit fringilla ut. Proin luctus turpis sit amet eros condimentum, id fringilla orci ultricies. Duis at auctor turpis, eu auctor lacus. Nullam porttitor sed ex sit amet ultricies. Phasellus nulla urna, placerat sit amet vehicula vel, cursus at mi. Praesent elit ipsum, bibendum eget sem a, cursus viverra leo. Quisque nec aliquet urna, in malesuada lorem. Vestibulum interdum turpis non sodales condimentum. Nulla venenatis sagittis lacinia. Vestibulum tincidunt felis sit amet odio cursus dignissim eu at nibh. Nunc sit amet massa auctor, dignissim urna ut, mattis justo. Nunc elit ligula, ornare ac ornare at, accumsan sed massa. Donec vestibulum consequat pellentesque. Mauris posuere justo quam, efficitur aliquet tortor luctus non. Nullam laoreet suscipit ligula pretium scelerisque. Cras nec odio nec dui porta mattis. Pellentesque vitae tortor commodo, dictum tortor id, commodo orci. Curabitur mollis non lectus non tristique. Morbi ac lacus a nisi imperdiet pellentesque. Duis ac ultrices leo, vitae scelerisque erat. Ut vel dolor a justo accumsan consectetur et at felis. Aliquam quis suscipit erat, pretium vehicula enim. Pellentesque ultricies ipsum quis placerat venenatis. Nunc varius enim malesuada tellus pretium tincidunt. Quisque vel odio iaculis, blandit lacus congue, ullamcorper diam. Suspendisse vel cursus erat, id sollicitudin ante. Nullam varius sed lectus eu venenatis. Maecenas nunc ante, posuere non orci at, mollis mattis felis. Aenean egestas suscipit ex, ac aliquam libero interdum quis. Phasellus vel ante ac lacus elementum fringilla. Pellentesque iaculis tellus vel est maximus bibendum. Vestibulum ante KONY 2017 SAMPLE TEMPLATE 4 ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; Nam id ullamcorper nisl. Cras semper, erat eget congue vestibulum, turpis lorem rutrum felis, sed laoreet turpis nunc bibendum magna. Etiam vehicula nulla nibh, sit amet dictum ligula blandit in. Nulla eu tortor turpis. Aenean quis sapien lacus. Pellentesque et ipsum consequat, euismod erat quis, porttitor mauris. Integer lectus neque, varius sed nulla at, luctus feugiat urna. Nullam eu augue ut quam volutpat ornare. Proin tempus quam sit amet congue iaculis. Aenean quis pretium nisl. Sed ullamcorper fringilla eros at blandit. Phasellus lacinia in sapien eu mollis. Phasellus sagittis lorem non nunc consectetur, sed condimentum tellus mollis. Integer feugiat sem ac eros condimentum, et dapibus erat feugiat. Pellentesque et nibh justo. Aenean finibus quam at neque volutpat, lobortis auctor metus porta. Section 3: Additional Research Interdum et malesuada fames ac ante ipsum primis in faucibus. Vestibulum est diam, tempor sit amet tempor sit amet, venenatis tempor felis. Etiam lacus tortor, congue ac tortor sed, malesuada ornare lorem. Phasellus pretium mollis pulvinar. In ac tellus eros. Morbi eget ex est. Aenean eget orci posuere, rhoncus urna a, aliquam massa. Nullam eu lacus iaculis, facilisis ante ac, auctor nisl. Aenean interdum libero vel neque egestas, et faucibus nisi bibendum. Proin vitae dui urna. Curabitur in risus metus. Donec malesuada et quam a tempus. Phasellus feugiat accumsan velit, et rhoncus nunc faucibus eget. Nullam sed elit condimentum, congue leo quis, consequat ligula. Donec in ornare magna. Praesent massa arcu, ornare quis ante quis, hendrerit posuere ante. Sed sit amet felis sagittis, varius neque vitae, vestibulum tortor. Nullam sagittis, lorem et sagittis pulvinar, nulla tortor feugiat sapien, ac suscipit justo sem id orci. Nam commodo justo arcu, in maximus nulla mollis nec. Aliquam pharetra dui vestibulum felis interdum, vel ornare ligula rutrum. Donec rhoncus eleifend KONY 2017 SAMPLE TEMPLATE 5 tincidunt. In eu feugiat nibh. Mauris placerat rutrum ex, quis imperdiet turpis tristique lobortis. Sed vel dictum dui. Cras enim sem, interdum sit amet egestas eget, laoreet in ipsum. Praesent finibus purus sed orci porttitor varius. Aenean feugiat dapibus dapibus. Maecenas placerat odio quis erat iaculis vehicula. Curabitur quis ex eu turpis venenatis porta. Curabitur id dolor imperdiet, aliquet ipsum et, euismod leo. Fusce ut malesuada velit. Fusce ac mi mollis, volutpat ante vel, malesuada nibh. Fusce porttitor porta justo, at rhoncus leo lobortis in. Vivamus consequat ante vestibulum tellus sodales accumsan. Proin quis sollicitudin dui. Nam nec dolor eleifend, ultrices ante sit amet, dictum diam. Mauris bibendum, enim aliquet mattis suscipit, mauris velit ultricies velit, in fermentum urna magna maximus justo. Quisque malesuada in lorem ut commodo. In consequat porttitor tellus, tempor bibendum ipsum placerat sit amet. Integer eget lacus dui. Pellentesque ut elit at augue blandit ornare nec in orci. Integer egestas ut ligula et sagittis. Pellentesque nisl dolor, mattis ac congue ut, auctor ut nisi. Nulla tincidunt ullamcorper tincidunt. Aliquam erat volutpat. Ut bibendum, augue et facilisis fermentum, libero est bibendum arcu, non interdum lacus sapien ac libero. Sed blandit dolor id felis sodales ultrices. Nulla euismod velit ac nibh fermentum, sed lobortis ante tincidunt. Vivamus facilisis mi eu malesuada interdum. Sed in risus ac lectus elementum lacinia sed in quam. Proin condimentum condimentum varius. Donec gravida vulputate pharetra. Aenean ut odio quis orci scelerisque posuere. Integer erat orci, vestibulum et ex eu, tincidunt suscipit tellus. Vestibulum mollis condimentum nisi, a bibendum sapien feugiat nec. Sed ac tincidunt nulla. Maecenas malesuada elit nec lectus rhoncus bibendum. Praesent ut diam enim. Nulla suscipit molestie dolor at egestas. Morbi eget interdum tortor, posuere euismod felis. Phasellus maximus mi vel lobortis pellentesque. Duis quis ligula eu nisl fringilla placerat non ac leo. KONY 2017 SAMPLE TEMPLATE 6 Phasellus rhoncus eleifend auctor. Praesent pharetra dolor tristique diam congue aliquam. Mauris ac ultricies orci. Integer sapien dui, accumsan eu commodo eget, tempus ac leo. Praesent ullamcorper diam orci, ac condimentum mauris egestas sodales. Suspendisse quis varius arcu. Donec vitae dolor mauris. Nullam ac faucibus ipsum. Nam aliquet mi sit amet dapibus tincidunt. Vestibulum euismod dui sit amet enim porttitor maximus. Vivamus consequat diam ac orci pulvinar, ac sollicitudin ex condimentum. Fusce facilisis libero vestibulum nibh pharetra, sed lacinia mauris placerat. Etiam iaculis venenatis felis quis mollis. Fusce tempus erat sit amet sapien porttitor tempor. Vivamus sed tincidunt sem. Phasellus non orci purus. Orci varius natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Maecenas sollicitudin venenatis justo, eget egestas eros fermentum a. Quisque scelerisque vel lacus sed placerat. Nulla porttitor justo mi, a tempor nisl vestibulum eu. Duis fermentum vehicula velit, quis mattis nibh mattis tempor. Mauris convallis nisi id nibh faucibus, at efficitur velit posuere. Pellentesque congue, neque a consequat viverra, diam elit semper velit, et mattis turpis tortor id tellus. Suspendisse sit amet tellus vestibulum, consectetur arcu quis, molestie nulla. Quisque vitae vestibulum ligula. Sed id enim consequat, pretium risus eu, pulvinar mi. Proin molestie, risus non lobortis hendrerit, libero urna cursus ligula, et sagittis dolor libero varius sapien. Etiam molestie neque at neque gravida, sodales sollicitudin purus eleifend. Duis sed metus vel felis pretium vestibulum eget quis lectus. Nam in nisi sit amet turpis dictum viverra. Vestibulum non hendrerit sem, ut viverra lacus. Vivamus vestibulum ultrices nulla, at suscipit turpis convallis quis. Aliquam in scelerisque dolor. Curabitur elementum nulla eget velit sollicitudin finibus. Ut sed placerat enim. Suspendisse vitae commodo lectus. Maecenas vitae elit iaculis, maximus tortor at, volutpat justo. KONY 2017 SAMPLE TEMPLATE 7 References Alfred, J. N., Bailey, B., & Krautely, R. (2017). The quality of face-to-face relationships. Communications of the ACD, 54(4), 111-118. American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Anderson, M., Angeli, E., Brizee, A., Lawrick, E., Moore, K., Soderlund, L., & Wagner, J. (2016, May 13). General format. Retrieved from http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/ Hollywood, D., Wood, J. F., Smite, F., & West N. (2016). Friendships through IM: Examining the relationship between instant messaging and intimacy. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 11, 32-44. Last Name, F. M. (Year). Article Title. Journal Title, Pages From - To. Last Name, F. M. (Year). Book Title. City Name: Publisher Name and add URL if you accessed an online resource. This item demonstrates the hanging indent. Modify by accessing the Paragraph settings then in the Indentation section under the special option, select Hanging Indent. Timmons, L. G., & Wallet, J. C. (2017). Computer-mediated communication effects on virtual reality. Human Communication Research, 28, 310-345. Underdog, J., & Friday, C. (2016). Internet relationships and their impact on primary giving. Behavior Changes, 22(2), 123-140.
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Explanation & Answer

Hello buddy, here you go. Please review me well for the work well done. Also remember to to invite me for future projects, i am here for you. Thank you and be blessed.in case you need some edits, alert me buddy.

Running Head: FAKE NEWS

1

Fake News
Name
Tutor
Institution
Date

Fake News

2
Introduction

Most researchers have established and reported that falsehoods in the internet era
spread like wildfire especially on social media than the truth. Currently, there is a shared
worldwide concern of how falsehoods can influence economic, political and the social wellbeing of our universe. Vosoughi et al. carried out elaborate research to comprehend how the
false news diffuses. The research taking a particular interest in one of the most used social
media platform. Between 2006 to 2017 the researchers applied a data set of rumor cascade on
Twitter. During this research period, a total of 126,000 rumors were spread by 3 million
people (Vosoughi, Roy, & Aral, 2018). While the truth rarely spread to more than 1000
individuals, it was alarming to note that the top 1 percent of falsehoods cascaded to between
1000 and 100000 individuals. Thus, confirming that, the false news reached a significant
global audience than the truth. Indisputably, we are living in the digital era where information
spreads like a bush fire, but hardly do we take time to verify the credibility of the
information.
Therefore, this research paper chose to investigate, understand and discuss the dynamic
of fake news. Fake news refers to misinformation that has been deliberately passed through
either traditional news media or social media with the intention to mislead and ultimately
gain politically or financially (Kiwi, 2018). Recently the topic of fake news has emerged as
one of the most heated debates on the globe. This is just because the spread of false news has
done significant harm in the world we live in, destroying careers, starting wars and worse.
The baseline is, the diffusion and spread of fake news is being viewed as one of the biggest
threat to democracy, free debate and a threat to the existing world order. We are living in an
era where misinformation has saturated the media, and it is quite unfortunate that most people
make decisions based on the media they use. Thus most humans have obliviously
relinquished their general perspective on the outer world on the fakes news they absolve on a

Fake News

3

daily basis. Most people may tend to think that they are less vulnerable to the negative
impacts of fake news as they consider themselves receivers of lesser lies. But the volume of
fake news in circulation does not necessarily translate to lesser harm. As the diffusion of fake
news in small scale can also be very degrading and damaging.
How to Seek Truth in the Era of Fake News?
When addressing global challenges like climatic change, it is necessary to go into a
fact-finding mission and acquire the truth (Christiane Amanpour,2018). But, unfortunately,
the information available is either diluted or exaggerated. It is rather sad that some public
speakers are out there spreading lies and this has translated to the effect of creating more
panics than solutions to humankind. One of the great epitomes of fake news is the exist...

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