Example Outline – Note – you do not need to follow this exactly, and your outlines should include MORE detail than is provided below. However, this gives you an idea of the overall structure the paper should follow (Intro, Part A, Part B, Part C), and that points you need to make in paper. Your outline should be developed before you write your paper, and keep it close by as you write your paper so that your paper follows the outline. It also helps you to check that each paragraph you include fits in the paper, and contains only needed information. So for example, if in my outline it shows that I describe the background of companies at the beginning of Part A, I know when I work on my paper that this information should go there, and nowhere else. Also, your main points should be easily summarized in your outline—doing this helps you make sure you hit your key points as you write your paper. More resources on writing outlines available here: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/544/02/ http://www.psych.uw.edu/writingcenter/writingguides/pdf/outline.pdf http://writing2.richmond.edu/writing/wweb/outline.html Privacy Paper: I. Intro Paragraph II. Part A : Summary of Company Policies (2 pages) A. Description/background of both companies (1 paragraph max) B. Focus main points from policy of Company A (2-4 main points) C. Focus main points from policy of Company B (2-4 main points) D. Compare and contrast companies (if needed, 1 paragraph max) III. Part B: Analysis (2 pages) A. Focus on issues discussed in part A that is interesting/relevant B. Issue 1: Explain an issue that could arise regarding the policy 1) Define what issue/problem with policy is 2) Connect to course concept: Show how course concepts are relevant 3) Show how course concepts shows issues with company(ies): C. Issue 2: Explain another issues that could arise regarding the policy 1) Define what issue/problem with policy is 2) Connect to course concept: Show how course concepts are relevant 3) Show how course concepts shows issues with company(ies): D. Explain another issue.. IV. Part C: Conclusion (1 Page) A. Highlight main issues revealed B. Specific recommendations to companies/consumers/government 1. Would help consumers to change this aspect… 2. Would help business to change this aspect… 3. Justify why this is the best move for companies Privacy Policy Rubric: Please read carefully before submitting paper. These are the criteria your paper will be judged on. Note also how many points you will get for each section. This Paper… C1 Intro paragraph included; clearly states purpose of the paper in introduction paragraph (see paper guidelines for example); not overly long (5 points) C2 Identifies and describes most relevant points from two privacy policies (NOT terms of service) clearly and concisely C3 Includes concept(s), model(s), and/or theory(ies) from course readings and other course materials to help frame discussion; selects course materials that are relevant to the paper topic C4 Shows accurate understanding of, and clearly explains, the theories, models or concepts described in paper (avoiding long quotes); provides interesting insights into issues in paper by using course materials C5 Develops educated conclusions USING above analysis; provides unique insight into issues and avoids overly general conclusions; does not repeat previous points in conclusion; makes realistic recommendations where appropriate W1 EDITING: Includes only relevant facts and evidence to support main points and conclusions. Paper is well edited and is not repetitive/containing too much unneeded information. Avoids long paragraphs and sentences. AVOIDS long quotes in paper W2 ORGANIZATION: All paragraphs are properly organized in paper (following A – B – C format). Sentences WITHIN paragraphs well organized and keeps one idea to one paragraph. Transitions sentences provided at beginning of each paragraphs to connect points in the paper (15 points) W3 CLARITY: Demonstrates proper grammar, word usage and mechanics (e.g. punctuation). Paper follows proper research paper format (using formal language) (15 points) R1 Consistent in use of correct in-text citation formatting (all information is attributed to correct source(s) and author(s)) *AND a reference page (works cited) is included at the end. USES APA format (15 points) 1 = Poor or missing /10=Excellent Comments Private Policy Analysis Privacy Policy Analysis: Find TWO company privacy policies and discuss the similarities and/or differences between policies using course readings and class materials in a 3-5 page paper (double-spaced). Must include reference page and in text citations. (12% final grade) BEFORE YOU TURN IN PAPER: 1) Create an outline BEFORE you write the paper. You must print and attach to your outline to the paper when you turn in; papers without outlines will lose points. Provide sufficient details in outlines, so that it can provide a quick and focused summary of your paper. The outline serves to help you focus your paper, and you can read about how to create one by following the websites and guidelines I provided on Canvas. 2) Make sure all the parts of your paper (A, B, and C) are written out and are included in the PROPER order. Failure to use this order will result in severe deductions. Example Paper: Introduction: page 1 (one paragraph only, following example below) PART A Description of companies’ policies: pages 1-2 of paper PART B Analyses and Critique using course material: pages 3-4 of paper (at least 3-4 paragraphs) PART C Conclusion: page 5 of paper (AT LEAST 2-3 paragraphs) 3) Make sure to cite ALL readings included in your paper, and create reference page using APA format (follow examples provided below). GRADING: For your grade, you will need to focus on Content, Writing, and References (note I will include a grading rubric on the assignment page). Read through this carefully, as well as the grading rubric. Make sure you follow these guidelines to ensure you get a better grade. Contents Guidelines (see C1 through C5 on grading rubric): • Use the introduction paragraph to set the tone and also serve as a map for your paper—it will make sure each point is hit, and enable you to focus. Try rewriting the assignment question as first sentence to be CERTAIN you cover it. o Example: “In this paper, I will examine the privacy policies of Company X and Company Y. I will highlight some of their main practices, and discuss some • • • • • • similarities, as well as differences, between the companies. I will then critique certain practices of Company X and Y based on research. Finally, I will make recommendations for how both companies could change their practices in order to provide more protections to consumers. Re-read the paper before you turn it in and make sure that you answer all the questions that you said you would in first paragraph of the paper. When describing the privacy policies focus on a few main points—do not describe the policies in too great of detail, you only have to focus on some of its major points. Note that the question for this essay is very open-ended, so you have freedom to do what you want in this paper, which can be challenging. A good way for you to decide what to focus on is to do research on companies, and then think about questions that arose for you. What was interesting to you about these policies? Puzzling or troubling? If you find something YOU feel is interesting to focus on, it can be MUCH easier and more enjoyable to write a paper. After describing the company policies, you can critique and start drawing insights. YOU MUST include course readings when you do this, or you will lose substantial points. The course readings you pick should be relevant to what you are talking about in the paper – if the course material is not in some way related to the issues with your policies in a way that is clear, it will not make sense in the paper. Make sure you describe material from readings accurately – inaccurately explaining a theory, for instance, will also lose you points. Take your time to explain and define concepts, models and theories so that anyone would be able to understand what you are talking about. Avoid long quotes from sources – use your own words to describe points from the course materials (papers are much easier to read this way). You want to provide some interesting insights when making connections with course materials. What did the readings from class help you recognize about the policies – did they help you see something you may not have noticed if you had not taken this course? Avoid more obvious insights – that companies might “invade privacy” is something that anyone reading a privacy policy could see. You should try to dig deeper given what you have learned and discussed in class. At the end of the paper, you need to make some conclusions based on your analysis. You can discuss what companies/government regulations can do differently to help consumers, and/or what consumers can do to protect themselves, etc. Make sure that your conclusions fit or follow from part A and part B—that is, you should discuss specific issues with policies in part A, analyze issues in part B, and address ways to resolve those specific issues you spoke about in part C. With conclusions and analysis, don’t just state the obvious—for instance, that “consumers should be more careful” should not be the main insight or conclusion, as it is way too broad. Your analyses and conclusion should show you thought about the issue, and provided new and interesting insights. Also, do not be unrealistic or too general in your recommendations (do not recommend actions that are unlikely to occur, or that you do not have enough support for based on your findings). Finally, your conclusion is NOT a summary of your paper – do not just repeat points you made. Writing Guidelines (see W1 – W3 on grading rubric) • EDIT EDIT EDIT. The number one way to lose points on a paper is to fail to edit. Remember, when you write a paper, you write it for someone else to read—many times we write so that we can say something, but do not think about how others actually interpret our writing. Use several different editing techniques to make sure that the ideas in your paper would be clear to anyone else who reads them. • Don’t go over - writing too much does not make the paper better, and will not get you extra points – in fact, you will lose points if you go substantially over the page limit. Take out any sentences or ideas that seem unnecessary to your core arguments and focus on the ones that advance your main arguments. Also, read through to make sure the same ideas are not repeated over and over again. Avoid long sentences and long paragraphs – these make your paper very hard to follow. • Focus on the organization and coherence of ideas-paper needs to "flow" well and be ONE paper, not a collection of paragraphs. To do this, make sure that each paragraph is properly organized in the paper. So after your introduction, you should explain the company policies, comparing companies as needed (Part A). You should then draw in course material to analyze the main issues you have identified with the companies’ policies (Part B). You should then make conclusions based on parts A and B (Part C). Segmenting the paper into these 3 parts makes it easier to know what you should focus on from beginning to end, and keeps the paper connected. • Each paragraph should have a “main theme”, and only include sentences that support that theme. For example, in the introductory paragraph, DO NOT include any critique/analyses in the same paragraph – only include sentences that serve to introduce your paper (see example). Likewise, in part B you should take at least one paragraph to clearly explain each course material you use and to make connections between your policies and course materials– do not try to fit many different points into one paragraph. • Include “transition” sentences to begin each paragraph, so that it is clear what you will be talking about in that paragraph, and so the reader can easily move from one part of the paper to the next. • Focus on clarity of sentences and paragraphs, and be sure to use proper spelling and grammar. If this is an issue for you, place make sure to visit the Writing Center, and get other support as needed. • Use appropriate style for research paper—note this is not creative writing. The language should be formal, not conversational (for instance, DO NOT include exclamation points for emphasis). Reference Guidelines (see R1 on grading rubric) • For this part, you need to include 1) in text citations for all references and 2) a reference page. Failing to do either/both will lose you points. You need to see me/email me if you do not know how to do this. • Please use APA format for citing in this paper. NOTE: you DO NOT have to include title page, running head, or abstract for paper. Use APA format ONLY for citing purposes. • Go to the websites below to make sure you cite correctly - note that you will have to do different citations for different types of resources (e.g. Websites vs. books). • I have given some instructions below – if you have questions, first check the websites provided and then SEE ME – there can always be special cases where writing up the citation is confusing. However, if you do not ask me questions, I will assume you have not tried to find the answer. Remember that I grade your papers – so it is important to ask me questions!!! In-text citations for references: How to do • • • • For APA format in text citations: include (Author Last Name, Year) whenever you draw from another source when writing your paper. o Article Example: It was estimated that over 15,000 have contracted this disease in the past year (Smith, 2013). o Website article example (you can use the title of page or article, only if no author is present): The policy mentioned that it does give consumer information away to third parties (Facebook Privacy Policy, 2016). The only time you DO NOT cite in your paper is when you use only your opinions (‘I believe Company Y should change some of its current procedures.’). That means you should have MANY in-text citations in your paper when referring to course material. Here are examples of things you have to cite and how to cite them: o Cite text taken directly from the website/text in quotes. Example: ‘Company X policy states that while they “may sell data at some point in the future” they do not currently do so (Company X Privacy Policy, 2015).’ o Cite also when you take information from a source but do not quote it directly. Example: ‘Company Y’s policy has three parts: data collection, … (Company Y Privacy Policy, 2015). o Cite any idea that is not your “own” idea. This is especially important if you use other ideas to make your arguments. Example: “Given research has shown that individuals often donate due to increased feelings of empathy for victims (Batson 1990), I believe that including more emotional content in donation appeals will help increase contributions. For special cases: o For citing special sources (videos, podcasts) please see the following page and follow directions carefully: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/10/ o For other special cases, like Ted Talks, the APA website should help explain these. Follow the link to find out how to cite Ted Talks (see below) http://blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/2016/02/how-to-cite-a-ted-talk-in-apa-style.html http://www.apastyle.org/manual/index.aspx> o In text citations should NEVER be the link to a website, or just the name of a news source (e.g. yahoo.com. yahoo news, 2006). If no author is given you can use the title of the article, but that should be only in a few cases. Reference Page: How to do Below are examples of how you would write up a reference page using APA format. Please use these examples—you can see the websites for more examples if you are not sure how to cite your sources. Your reference page should be in alphabetical order, sorted by author last name. That way, I can find your reference easily, as it “matches” your in-text citation. FOR citing readings from your MKT 350 course reader: look to the bibliography (at end of the course reader) for the information you need (NOTE that you STILL have to arrange these in APA format – do not just copy and paste from your book). BOOKS Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Location: Publisher. Calfee, R. C., & Valencia, R. R. (1991). APA guide to preparing manuscripts for journal publication. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. ARTICLE Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume number(issue number), pages. http://dx.doi.org/xx.xxx/yyyyy Henry, W. A., III. (1990, April 9). Making the grade in today's schools. Time, 135, 28-31. WEBSITE Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Online Periodical, volume number (issue number if available). Retrieved from http://www.someaddress.com/full/url/ Bernstein, M. (2002). 10 tips on writing the living Web. A List Apart: For People Who Make Websites, 149. Retrieved from http://www.alistapart.com/articles/writeliving More Citation Resources These are the websites I would visit for how to create a reference page (see links on the left side of the page for details on how to cite different types of resources): https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/10/ And go to this link to find how to do in-text citations: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/02/ For more info, see this site as well as the APA style blog- it should provide you answers to most questions you have: o http://www.apastyle.org/manual/index.aspx o http://blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/ o General Writing Resources http://www.composition.english.vt.edu/wc/ How-to College Writing Guide: http://www.dartmouth.edu/~writing/materials/student/ac_paper/what.shtml http://writing-program.uchicago.edu/resources/collegewriting/ More writing resources: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/ 
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