Description
DNP 820 week 4 Assignment
Introduction to the Literature Review
Details:
Empirical research is the foundation of scholarly research and scholarly writing. An empirical article is defined as one that reports actual results of a research study. An empirical article includes a description of the study, an introduction, a research question, an explanation of the study's methodology, a presentation of the results of the study, and a conclusion that discusses the results and suggests topics for further study.
As you search the library for scholarly research, you should limit your search to identify empirical articles. (You can use the "Empirical Research Checklist" from DNP-801 to assist in this determination.) After finding an empirical study, begin to assess the validity of the conclusion by determining if the conclusion answers the proposed research question and if the methodology is appropriate.
As you move forward in your doctoral journey, you will read research papers that will require you to assess the validity of the studies in question. To accomplish this, qualitative assessments about the research must be made by comparing, contrasting, and synthesizing what the research says.
In this assignment, you will continue to develop the skill of writing, by reviewing 15 research articles associated with your chosen topic and using the content to identify at least five major concepts and subthemes related to your topic.
General Requirements:
Use the following information to ensure successful completion of this assignment:
- Use the "Empirical Research Checklist" to assist in the determination of empirical articles.
- Use the "Research Article Chart" to provide a summary review of each component of your assignment.
- Doctoral learners are required to use APA style for their writing assignments. The APA Style Guide is located in the Student Success Center.
- This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
- You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.
Directions:
Part 1: Selection of 15 Articles
Select 15 empirical articles related to your PICOT question. Use the "Empirical Research Checklist" worksheet to ensure that each article you select meets all of the established criteria. At least one article must demonstrate a quantitative methodology.
Part 2: Research Article Chart
Using the articles acquired in Part 1, provide a summary review of each component using the "Research Article Chart" template.
Part 3: Synthesis of Research Studies
Based upon your review of the 15 research articles, identify at least five major concepts that relate to your project topic, and three subthemes related to each concept.
Using the information from the completed "Research Article Chart," and the major concepts and subthemes you have identified, write a 2,000-3,000 word paper that synthesizes the content of the 15 research studies.
Summarize each major concept and focus on providing a detailed synthesis of the three identified subthemes that support that concept by addressing the following.
- Introduction of the identified subtheme
- Summary of the research questions posed by the studies
- Summary of the sample populations used
- Summary of the limitations of the studies
- Summary of the conclusion and recommendations for further research
Explanation & Answer
Attached.
Running Head: LITERATURE REVIEW
1
Introduction to the Literature Review
Student’s Name
Instructor’s Name
Course
Date
2
LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction
Empirical research is the backbone of both scholarly writing and scholarly research. It
involves drawing conclusions based on actual research rather than a mere belief or myth. This
paper is, therefore, going to explore 15 empirical research articles with each investigating a
specific research question. The questions will be based on a PICOT question which will be
generated in each of the research articles and later all of them will be synthesized based on their
reviews. PICOT questions in Doctoral Nursing Project/program (DNP) is a mnemonic
illustrating the four basic segments of ethical clinical questions. PICOT alternately termed as
PICO stands for; P- Problem or Patient, I- Intervention, C- Comparison and O- Outcome. The
empirical research outcome of this paper is based on the effectiveness treating Urinary Tract
Infections (UTIs) using various non-antibiotic measures. Therefore, will the use of non-antibiotic
measures be more effective as compared to those which uses antibiotics in the treatment of
patients with UTIs over a short period of time? This is, therefore, the general PICOT question of
this empirical research paper.
The following table, therefore, gives a summary of the 15 empirical research articles
including the summaries of their abstracts, introductions, methods used to collect and record
data, results, and conclusions of each as well as whether there are references given in the articles.
Research Article Chart
Criteria and Defining
Characteristics
Abstract
After reading the
abstract what do you
expect to learn from the
article?
Article 1:
Article 2:
Article 3:
(Use of Lactobacillus
probiotics for bacterial
genitourinary infections
in women)
(Probiotics for
preventing urinary tract
infections in adults and
children)
(Singh, 2016)
The article should
explain the reason why
the use of Lactobacillus
probiotics is more
effective when treating
UTIs in women as
compared to other
probiotics including
prophylactic
interventions.
The article should be able
to explain the whether the
use of probiotics can help
reduce UTIs in both
children and adults.
This research article should
explain the reason why the use
of cranberry extract is proving
to be effective in helping
patients with recurrent UTIs
and by how much and within
what period of time.
3
LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction:
Summarize the
following in paragraph
form.
• What is the
purpose of the
study?
• What is the
scope of the
study?
• What is the
rationale for the
study?
• What is the
hypothesis or
research
question?
• What key
concepts and
terms are noted?
• Is a review of the
literature
provided?
The purpose of this study
is to determine whether
the use of Lactobacillus
probiotics is more
effective when treating
UTIs in women as
compared to other
probiotic interventions.
The scope covers to
determine the extent to
which this method is
effective. The research
question in that the use of
Lactobacillus probiotics
is more effective when
treating UTIs in women
as compared to other
probiotics. The major
concepts and terms noted
include Lactobacillus,
prophylactic, probiotics,
and UTIs. The literature
of the article is well
reviewed.
The purpose of this study
is to find out whether the
use of probiotics can help
heal UTIs. The scope is
to determine the types of
probiotics that can be
useful. The hypothesis of
this study is that the use
of probiotics is not
effective as compared to
other forms of
interventions. The key
concepts and terms
include probiotics,
Lactobacillus, UTIs,
medics, and prophylactic.
The literature of the
article is well reviewed.
The purpose of the study is to
determine the benefits of using
cranberry extract in treating
UTIs in patients with recurring
UTIs. The scope is to
determine the types of extracts
to be used as well as the time it
acts. The hypothesis is that
cranberry extracts are proving
to be effective in helping
patients with recurrent UTIs.
The key terms include
cranberry, prevention, and
urinary tract infection. The
literature provided in the
article is well reviewed.
Methods: Summarize
the following in
paragraph form.
• What is the
population being
sampled?
• What data
collection
procedure is
presented?
• What other
procedures are
described?
The population being
sampled is a group of 36
women with UTIs. The
data collection procedure
used is the use of
surveys, questionnaires,
and interviews. The other
procedures used include
case studies.
The population being
sampled is women and
children. The data
collection procedure is
the use of documents and
records. The other
procedure described
include observation.
The population being sampled
is adults between the ages of
18 years to 70 years with
recurrent UTIs. The data
collection method used is
interviews and questionnaires.
The other procedures include
the use of recorded documents
like their medical files.
4
LITERATURE REVIEW
Out of the 36 women
sampled, 85% of them,
using Lactobacillus
probiotics proved to be
recovering faster as
compared to others not
using the same. Data was
collected via forms and
hardcopy records. Upon
simulations, the findings
were recorded in charts
and tables. The analysis
of data state the rise in
recovery in women using
Lactobacillus probiotics.
The use of Lactobacillus
Conclusion:
probiotics is more
Summarize in
effective as compared to
paragraph form.
other probiotic measures.
• What is the
The hypothesis is
summary of the
therefore proved to be
study?
true. For future research,
the research question to
• What is the
conclusion of the be investigated as to
whether or not the
hypothesis?
combination of other
• What are the
probiotic measures and
questions for
future research? Lactobacillus probiotics
is more effective.
References
8 references have been
• What is the total used in this article.
number of
Results: Summarize
the following in
paragraph form.
• What are the
given findings?
• How was the
data collected?
• Are the findings
supported by
graphs and
charts?
• What does the
analysis of the
data state?
There is a very high
percentage of over 46%
of the sampled
population that is helped
by the use of probiotics.
The data was collected
electronically and the
findings supported by
graphs and charts. The
analysis state the
effectiveness of
probiotics.
The use of cranberry extracts
more so the juice helps in
preventing and treating as well
as curbing recurrent UTIs.
Data were collected
electronically by recording and
the findings supported by
graphs and charts. The analysis
of data state the importance of
using cranberry extracts by
patients with recurring UTIs.
The use of probiotics in
children and adults is
more effective. The
conclusion is therefore
proved to be negative.
For future research, the
research question to
explore is what will the
use of probiotics only
help reduce UTIs in older
adults or otherwise?
The use of cranberry extracts
especially its juice is effective
by a higher percentage in
helping patients with recurrent
UTIs within a short period of
time. The research question
was proved to be positive and
true. The major question for
future research is that how can
cranberry be used locally b...
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