NIT6130 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH ASSIGNMENT 3 – METHODOLOGY by MOHAMMED SOHAIL AHMED Student ID: s4597845 Nuclear Testing Table of Contents Abstract .................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Keywords ................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Introduction .............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Problem statement .................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Organization of collected literature review................................................................................ 3 Types of methodology ............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Quantitative methodology ...................................................................................................... 4 Qualitative methodology ........................................................................................................ 4 Compare and contrast methodologies .................................................................................... 4 Type of chosen methodology ................................................................................................. 6 Review, Analysis and Summarize of existing methodologies ................................................... 6 Selection of sub problem ........................................................................................................ 6 Analysis of the selected methodologies ................................................................................. 7 Relevance of the research problem .......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Summary of the reviewed methodologies ............................................................................ 13 Proposed methodology............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Justification of selected methodology .................................................................................. 14 Benefits................................................................................................................................. 15 Limitations ........................................................................................................................... 15 References ................................................................................................................................ 15 ABSTRACT: The research highlights the detailed insight regarding the disruptive nuclear testing technology as the crucial and the indispensable part of the security surveillance programs and the associated safety system. The majority of the Earth surface is covered with the pollutants and the presence of the harmful intoxicants could easily be analysed through the use of the nuclear testing approach. The lethality of the adequate nuclear forces could easily be analysed and evaluated through the use of the proposed nuclear testing methodology. The detailed analysis and the comparison between the quantitative and qualitative methodologies is proposed and based up on the results of the comparison, the adequate methodological framework is proposed. Keywords: Nuclear testing, tritium, quantitative, qualitative methodology, nuclear forces Introduction: The number of technologies and the particular stringent approaches aligned with the nuclear testing in order to provide the improved and the efficient explosive environments. The primary task of the nuclear testing weapons is to highlight that how the nuclear weapons operate and behave under different environmental conditions. The nuclear test should be carried out as per the proposed contract that is enacted and signed among the different associated entities and the stakeholders. The majority of the Earth surface is covered with the pollutants and the presence of the harmful intoxicants could easily be analysed through the use of the nuclear testing approach. The lethality of the adequate nuclear forces could easily be analysed and evaluated through the use of the proposed nuclear testing methodology. Problem Statement: The primary aim of the conducted research is to analyse the various implications that are associated with the tritium which is considered as the chief considered as the core attribute for analysing the accuracy and the precision of the related nuclear tests. The appropriate verification and the validation activities that are associated with the nuclear explosions are highlighted in the research. The core research problem that is discussed in the research is the implications associated with the execution and the implementation of the nuclear testing. The associated surface concentration measures and the probabilities are explored and analysed. Organization of collected literature review: Research problem Sub problem Collected literature Adequate verification and Analysis of distinct types of Tritium as an indicator of the validation of the nuclear associated explosions Ethical and nuclear venues for nuclear tests explosions. the legal The implications associated Detection of nuclear testing implications associated with with the execution and the from surface concentration the usage of the tritium. implementation of the measurements: Analysis of nuclear testing. Analysing Radio the surface from the associated February 2013 underground concentration test in North Korea measures and the associated probabilities. xenon Type of methodologies: In order to effectively and adequately conduct the research related to the nuclear testing, there generally exist two primary type of methodologies namely quantitative and qualitative methodology. Based upon the proposed conceptual framework and the outcome results the adequate methodology associated with the respective project is selected. Quantitative methodology The quantitative research methodology emphasis on the use of the statistical and the logical observations in order to infer the desired research outcome. The results are represented in the form of graphs, charts and figures. Qualitative methodology The qualitative research methodology makes the use of narrative verbal data and information in order to highlight the outcome results. The results and the associated research final outcomes are expressed in the form of the non- representative cases. Compare and contrast methodologies: Parameters Qualitative methodology Quantitative methodology Definition The qualitative research methodology The quantitative research makes the use of use of human methodology makes the use perceptions and understandings in of the adequate facts, figures order to attain the desired research and the associated numerical outcome results. data for the purpose of generating the statistical and the logical outcome results. Approach Nature The subjective approach is opted to The objective research is justify the research opted to justify the research It is holistic in nature It is Particularistic in nature Sampling The purposive sampling is carried out The random sampling is for the same purpose. done in order to collect and to analyse the data for the purpose of extracting the desired outcome results. Research The qualitative methodology uses The quantitative exploratory research. used methodology the conclusive approach. Data The verbal data sets are collected and The adequate measurable analysed determining for the and purpose specifying research outcome. of data sets are collected and the analysed in statistically order to represent the desired research outcome results. Methods The non- structured techniques The structured techniques namely group discussions, in- depth namely surveys, interviews are conducted for the observations and the purpose of adequately resolving the questionnaires are framed for particular problem statement. the purpose of adequately resolving the particular problem statement. Hypothesis The test hypothesis are generated but The not tested. test hypothesis verified and tested. are Elements analysis of The outcome results are expressed The outcome research results through the use of objects, pictures are expressed in the form of and the words. the numerical and the observed statistical data and information. Results The initial understanding of the The adequate test results and problem domain is acquired after the the final course of the completion of the conducted research. recommended actions is proposed and provided the researcher. Types of chosen methodology: The quantitative research methodology is used for the purpose of adequately managing the trade-off between the nuclear test and the various implications that are associated with the triggering of the tritium molecule. Review, Analysis and Summarize of existing methodologies Selection of sub problem The primary aim of the conducted research is to analyse the various implications that are associated with the tritium which is considered as the chief considered as the core attribute for analysing the accuracy and the precision of the related nuclear tests. The appropriate verification and the validation activities that are associated with the nuclear explosions are highlighted in the research. The core research problem that is discussed in the research is the implications associated with the execution and the implementation of the nuclear testing. The associated surface concentration measures and the probabilities are explored and analysed. Analysis of the selected methodologies: Literature 1: Tritium as an indicator of venues for nuclear tests The researcher has discussed and highlighted the various implications that are related to the usage of the tritium which is considered as the primary indicator for the purpose of analysing and defining the accuracy and the validity of the penetration tests. The selected research appear is reviewed and evaluated by the number of peers that highlights the research paper relevancy and reputability. The selected research paper is strongly relevant to the selected research problem. The results of the research highlight the characteristics of the nuclear tests and explosions. [6] Methodology In the proposed research paper, the researcher has highlighted and opted for the quantitative methodology for the purpose of investigating the various implications that are associated with the explosion in the associated Tritium cavity. The research is conducted for the purpose of identifying the generation sequence of 3H segments. 1. The fissionable nucleus is fragmented into 3 fragments and the lightest fragment is the desired 3H fragment. 2. The adequate nuclear reaction is carried out in order to highlight the 3H formulation using the excess neutrons collisions inside the executed nuclear reaction. 3. The adequate photonuclear reaction is carried out as for the purpose of interacting the high energy quantum fragments. Instrumentation The following site map is evaluated and analysed in the conducted research for the purpose of evaluating the onsite observations The quantitative research methodology is opted in order to test and to verify the onsite observations. The adequate simulation test is performed and executed on the selected tunnel: Data collection The total of 7 tunnels are analysed for the purpose of analysing the intrinsic factors and generating the associated nuclear weapons. S No. Tunnel ID Test date Purpose Capacity, Explosion Number kT type of tests conducted 1 101 02-04- Nuclear 2018 weapon creation 25 CCE 1 2 109 10-04- Nuclear 2018 weapon 23 CCE 2 7 NCE 2 25 NCE 3 19 CCE 2 11 NCE 1 6, 3 CCE 4 creation 3 678 12-04- Analysis 2018 of intrinsic factors 4 110 30-04- Analysis 2018 of intrinsic factors 5 223 05-05- Nuclear 2018 weapon creation 6 456 15-05-208 Analysis of intrinsic factors 7 678 30-05- Nuclear 2018 weapon creation Results The distribution and the level of the tritium inside the air tunnel cavity The tritium concentration in the atmosphere is highlighted near to the mouth areas of the associated tunnel Literature 2: Detection of nuclear testing from surface concentration measurements: Analysis of Radio xenon from the February 2013 underground test in North Korea The researcher highlights and analysis the low level chemical and nuclear sources that are associated with the adequate time frames for measuring the concentration of the various implications that are associated with the nuclear tests. The primary objective of the research is to analyse the effect of the nuclear testing by measuring the surface concentrations by considering the core atmospheric elements. [7] Methodology The adequate combination of inverse modelling methods, validation with fictitious sources, uncertainty visualisation is analysed and highlighted for the purpose of determining the various implications that are associated with the use of tritium nuclear molecule. Instrumentation The quantitative research methodology is opted in order to test and to verify the onsite observations. The adequate simulation test is performed by analysing the surface concentration measures in North Korea. Data collection The radio xenon concentration samples from the distinct locations are gathered and collected for performing the hypothesis simulations. Results The outcome results in terms of the prior probability and the composite Metrix for the concentration measures are represented. Relevance of the research problem: Literature 1 is relevant to my study as the researcher has discussed and highlighted the various implications that are related to the usage of the tritium which is considered as the primary indicator for the purpose of analysing and defining the accuracy and the validity of the penetration tests. The selected research appear is reviewed and evaluated by the number of peers that highlights the research paper relevancy and reputability. The selected research paper is strongly relevant to the selected research problem. Literature 2 is based on the analysing the concentration and the probability of the associated low level chemical and nuclear energy sources. The research outcome results highlights and identifies the various implications associated nuclear testing. The relevant collection of the Radio xenon data sets reflects the relevancy of the conducted research. The selected research paper is strongly relevant to the selected research problem. Summary of the reviewed methodologies: Literature Selected Research Research sub Methodology Relevance problem problem Literature Tritium as an Adequate Analysis 1 indicator distinct types of literature of verification venues for and nuclear tests of Quantitative Strongly relevant the associated validation of nuclear the nuclear explosions. explosions Literature Detection 2 nuclear testing the from of Ethical and The associated measurements: with Analysis Radio from legal implications surface implications concentration Quantitative relevant associated with the execution the and the of usage of the implementation xenon tritium. the of the nuclear testing. February 2013 Analysing the underground associated test in North surface Korea concentration measures Strongly and the associated probabilities. Proposed methodology: I have selected and proposed the quantitative methodology included in Tritium as an indicator of venues for nuclear tests research paper for the purpose of conducting the research related to nuclear testing. The following section is further sub divided into following sub sections namely proposed methodology. justification for the selected methodology and the various pros and cons associated with the same. Justification of selected methodology: I have selected the quantitative methodology in which the researcher has discussed and highlighted the various implications that are related to the usage of the tritium which is considered as the primary indicator for the purpose of analysing and defining the accuracy and the validity of the penetration tests. The selected research appear is reviewed and evaluated by the number of peers that highlights the research paper relevancy and reputability. The selected research paper is strongly relevant to the selected research problem. The results of the research highlight the characteristics of the nuclear tests and explosions. The quantitative methodology is selected for the purpose of representing and expressing the results in the form of the numerical and the observed statistical data and information. Along with this, the adequate test results and the final course of the recommended actions is proposed and provided the researcher. Benefits: • The selected methodology provides the direct interaction with the conducted test for the associated tritium nuclear test associated molecule. • The research data and the information is gathered from the reliable sources and the tested tunnels. • The adequate analysis techniques are used for the purpose of validating and verifying the test results. Limitations: • Since, the research data is collected from distinct sources, then it might create chaos due to difference in their mind-set and perceptions. • If the simulation results for the tunnels is not properly monitored and analysed, then the outcome results could be vague. References: [1]Y. TAIRA, N. HAYASHIDA, G. BRAHMANANDHAN, Y. NAGAYAMA, S. YAMASHITA, J. TAKAHASHI, A. GUTEVITC, A. KAZLOVSKY, M. URAZALIN and N. TAKAMURA, "Current Concentration of Artificial Radionuclides and Estimated Radiation Doses from 137Cs around the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Testing Site, and in Nagasaki", Journal of Radiation Research, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 88-95, 2011. [2]K. TANAKA, N. TCHAIJUNUSOVA, T. TAKATSUJI, B. GUSEV, A. SAKERBAEV, M. HOSHI and N. KAMADA, "High Incidence of Micronuclei in Lymphocytes from Residents of the Area near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Explosion Test Site", Journal of Radiation Research, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 45-54, 2000. [3]K. TANAKA, S. IIDA, N. TAKEICHI, N. CHAIZHUNUSOVA, B. GUSEV, K. APSALIKOV, T. INABA and M. HOSHI, "Unstable-type Chromosome Aberrations in Lymphocytes from Individuals Living near Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site", Journal of Radiation Research, vol. 47, no., pp. A159-A164, 2006. [4]N. CHAIZHUNUSOVA, T. YANG, C. LAND, N. LUCKYANOV, H. WU, K. APSALIKOV and M. MADIEVA, "Biodosimetry Study in Dolon and Chekoman Villages in the Vicinity of Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site", Journal of Radiation Research, vol. 47, no., pp. A165-A169, 2006. [5]N. CHAIZHUNUSOVA, T. YANG, C. LAND, N. LUCKYANOV, H. WU, K. APSALIKOV and M. MADIEVA, "Biodosimetry Study in Dolon and Chekoman Villages in the Vicinity of Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site", Journal of Radiation Research, vol. 47, no., pp. A165-A169, 2006. [6]O. Lyakhova, S. Lukashenko, S. Mulgin and S. Zhdanov, "Tritium as an indicator of venues for nuclear tests", Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, vol. 124, pp. 13-21, 2013. [7]P. De Meutter, J. Camps, A. Delcloo and P. Termonia, "Assessment of the announced North Korean nuclear test using long-range atmospheric transport and dispersion modelling", Scientific Reports, vol. 7, no. 1, 2017. NIT6130 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH ASSIGNMENT 3 – METHODOLOGY by XXXXX YYYYY Student ID: ZZZZZZZZZ 1|Page Table of contents Content…………………………………………………………………………………..2 List of Figures …………………………………………………………………………..3 List of Tables…………………………………………………………………………….4 Chapter 1 Methodology…………………………………………………………………5 1.1 Research Problem and collected Literature………………………………………..5 1.1.1 Research Problem Statement……………………………………………………...5 1.1.2 Organization of Collected Literature……………………………………………..6 1.2 Types of Methodology……………………………………………………………….6 1.2.1 Compare and Contrast of Methodologies………………………………………...7 1.2.2 Type of Chosen Methodology……………………………………………………..8 1.3 Review, Analyse, and Summarize of existing methodologies………………………8 1.3.1 Selection of subproblem……………………………………………………………8 1.3.2 Analysis of Selected Methodology…………………………………………………8 1.3.3 Relevance of the Research Problem………………………………………………14 1.3.4 Summary of the Reviewed Methodologies………………………………………14 1.4 Proposed Methodology……………………………………………………………..14 1.4.1 Justification of Selected Methodology…………………………………………….14 1.4.2 Benefits and Limitations of Methodology…………………………………………14 1.4.3 Framework of Methodology……………………………………………………….15 List of References…………………………………………………………………………16 2|Page List of Figures Figure1. Demographics of focus group participants (N=30).(Miyamoto, Henderson et al. 2016)………………………………………………………………………………………10 Figure2. Technology experience and self-rated health of focus group participants (N=30).(Miyamoto, Henderson et al. 2016).....................................................................11 Figure3: Storyboard illustrating reward and self-monitoring strategy (Orji and R. 2014)……………………………………………………………………………………..13 Figure 4: male female comparison on Technologies.(Orji and R. 2014)……………….13 3|Page List of Tables Table1. Collection of Literature………………………………………………………6 Table2.Compare and contrast…………………………………………………………7 Table3. Relevance of methodologies………………………………………………...14 4|Page Chapter 1 Methodology The aim of this assignment is to identify the methodology for my research thesis. My research is based on Persuasive health Technology. In the first assignment I did a literature review and in the second one, I am going to analyze the Methods and problems and try to find the appropriate solutions as well. This assignment is divided into four tasks which have some sub-tasks. This document is structured as follows. The first task is to research problems, structured in subproblems and review the collected literature. The Second one is the description of different methodologies and appropriate methodology for the selected problems. The third one is to review, analysis and summarize the literature and problems. The last task is to give the purpose of my own methodology, reasons, benefits or limitations. The purpose of this assignment is to identify an appropriate methodology for our research thesis. 1.1 Research Problem and collected Literature 1.1.1 Research Problem Statement As my research topic is persuasive health technology. There are many aspects in this field. So many researches, designs, and works are available in this area. Mobile technologies growing faster and faster. It becomes easy to keep track the physical activities. But there are some issues as well. Machines don’t have the life they can’t respond according to the situation. They have inbuilt functions to which they responded. But because human is involved in these technologies as they are meant for human intervention or human health and every person has a different opinion or different choices. Persuasiveness is very important but every technique suits every person is not possible. My research encounters some problems which are based on different aspects. As apps are a smart idea to keep yourself fit and healthy and because today’s era is technological era. So, many apps are available on different platforms. People can use them according to their needs. But are all the apps appropriate? This is a question. Every person has a different capacity and different problems. Everyone’s body responded differently. So how can we so sure that these apps are relevant to all body types. There are some loose knots which should be considered. Are they really trustable to analyze and track our health ? In today’s time, people have so much work pressure and less time to relax. They have so many things to do. In these circumstances, it becomes difficult to manage their health and work together. They want to become fit but don’t have time to carry forward it. That time these health monitoring apps will be very beneficial. People can track their progress and meals to take the right amount of calories. But the problem is to keep them motivate and interested to follow these apps. Human nature is like that, they start new things very enthusiastically but they lose their interest very soon. It is the important and crucial thing to make them stick with the app. It is a problem to maintain the interest of people in a 5|Page thing for a long time. These apps have some limitations. They have design issues because every person has different taste and choices. All apps do not provide everything. Mostly have some lacking points. 1.1.2 Organization of Collected Literature Table1. Collection of Literature Research Problem App designing Sub Problem      People awareness    Collected Literature Lack of collaboration of exercise and diet info Different platforms for different apps Design issues Correlation of different Data Motivational and relevant apps  Behaviour changes Awareness of health monitoring apps Persuasiveness of health-related applications      1.2 Types of Methodology Quantitative methodology: DO YOUR OWN Qualitative methodology: DO YOUR OWN 1.2.1Compare and Contrast of Methodologies DO YOUR OWN 6|Page (Schnall, Bakken et al. 2015) (Miyamoto, Henderson et al. 2016) (Handel 2011, Qiang, Yamamichi et al. 2012) (Orji and R. 2014) (Hebden, Cook et al. 2012) (Chatterjee and Price 2009) 1.2.2 Type of Chosen Methodology I am going to use Hybrid Methodology. Hybrid is not a part of Quantitative methodology and Qualitative methodology but the hybrid is a methodology which adding the best share of Qualitative and Quantitative. If we need large size of data we use the Qualitative method and convert that in Quantitative format. It creates a huge difference between Time and Cost. My methodology is not limited only to surveys or questionnaire but more deep. It is a very vast area so if we add both of the methods to evaluate them then it will be good and easy to find out the solutions for the good mobile app. It is not only about people’s desires or expectations but also usefulness, importance, sustainability and people’s reaction which decide what type of app will be more useful. 1.3 Review, Analyse and Summarize of existing methodologies 1.3.1 Selection of subproblem There are many problems related to mobile health applications. But here I would like to discuss the issue of selecting and using m-health application and encouragement of sustain behavior change. It's not enough to choose an application and use it but it's also important to monitor that does it effect on human behavior and make it sustain for a long time. 1.3.2 Analysis of the selected Methodologies Literature1. Tracking Health Data Is Not Enough:A Qualitative Exploration of the Role to Promote Physical Activity and to Sustain Behavior Change My first paper is based on the use of mobile applications and behavior changes. They researched on the field of mobile applications their uses and impacts on users. They didn’t only concerned about mobile apps but also tried to find the awareness among people, sustainability, suitable among people etc. They used Quantitative approach to research about the topic. In this paper, they were working on two concerns, inspire people towards fitness and mobile applications. Develop a strong interface and products so that people would stick with them and encourage to use that application. And the second one is to keep sustain with that applications and changes of life. They used some methods to gather the information about 7|Page reaction and needs of people to keep motivate and also remain with the applications. Factors which attract them to using healthcare apps and factor which can encourage them to continue with the apps. They used some methods to examine the users and their behaviors. Initially, they created three focus groups. They chose employees as participants to check how much they interested in m-health technologies, their uses, benefits and what they want to improve. For that, they conduct a survey where they showed them the use and benefits of different m-health apps and asked them to gave views on them. The researchers collected all the information and discussed with each other. They divided those discussions in codes and reviewed it repeatedly and create new codes. In this paper, they were working on two concerns, inspire people towards fitness and mobile applications. Develop a strong interface and products so that people would stick with them and encourage to use that application. And the second one is to keep sustain with that applications and changes of life. They used some methods to gather the information about reaction and needs of people to keep motivate and also remain with the applications. Factors which attract them to using healthcare apps and factor which can encourage them to continue with the apps. They used some methods to examine the users and their behaviors. Figure1. Demographics of focus group participants (N=30).(Miyamoto, Henderson et al. 2016) 8|Page Figure2. Technology experience and self-rated health of focus group participants (N=30).(Miyamoto, Henderson et al. 2016) Literature2. Development of Smartphone Applications for Nutrition and Physical Activity Behavior Change Mobile apps are used to maintain the health care of people as most of the population use mobile phones or you can say smartphones where they can find lots of application in any field. It is beneficial for them to get the apps about fitness or health as it is a current issue in the present. This paper is based on an application which provides nutrition guidance and physical activities and their effects are based on human behaviours and how they effect on people to change their prospects. 9|Page Methods This paper throwing light on the fact that how these apps useful to encourage people to change their lifestyle their eating habits etc. they used some methods , there they mentioned some processes by which they examined the procedure of different apps which guide adults towards health and diet. Those four criteria are ; deciding the conditions, platform selection, design process and testing. The very first thing to develop an app is to collect all the necessary information, all pros, and cons, guidelines , requirements etc. the basic agenda was to change the lifestyle, routine towards Healthy eating and physical exercises. It is crucial to maintaining the motivation and keep track the diet chart because people can easily mould to unhealthy food and living. There should also keep the public health guidelines in mind. As its hard to keep people’s interest in the apps it becomes important to provide a platform with their they can note down their daily intakes, exercises and giving feedback at the end of the week. These things encourage them to keep stick with the healthy lifestyle and easy to change their behaviours. Apps are divided into two types, native and web based. Native has a particular operating system whereas web-based apps can run on any operating system. They developed apps on the web- based so that they can go on maximum reach. They can also run in offline mode as well. In designing process, each app was connected with data of related app and behaviour. They included four types of data items in the records which were ePASS, eTIYP, eVIP and eSIYP. They all fetched from Australian Government food and nutrient database. These all connected with a database where that database was arranged in tables, which was showing different relation. They used HTML and CSS to developing the apps. The last stage was testing which was very important to check whether those apps worked properly or not and giving correct results or not. They also performed surveys to got the people’s views on the apps about the functionality. So they discussed four processes to develop an app which is interconnected with other apps and that is based on the web so that anybody with internet access can use. Also, they focused on the fact of behaviour changes in adults by using these apps. And how to maintain their interest in these apps. Literature3. Persuasive Strategies by Gender Groups Persuasive health technologies are beneficial for a human being. They enhance the effectiveness in the health sector. In these technologies, Gender is also playing an important role . This paper showed 10 technologies which were preferred on the basis of gender. Framework: To evaluate the strategies they made a frame through that they could get the idea of presence in men and women. They illustrate an example which is based on Personalization. By which they examined eating habits of individuals. This method they took from Truong et al. they measured the results on the ranking between 1 to 7method of Drozd et al. They selected people by AMT (Amazon’s Mechanical Turk). They used Cronbach’s alpha (α) for stability. This practice showed the difference between men and women’s perspective about that study. 10 | P a g e Figure3: Storyboard illustrating reward and self-monitoring strategy (Orji and R. 2014) Figure 4: male female comparison on Technologies.(Orji and R. 2014) In Figure 4 we can see that both males and females behaved differently on different perspectives. In these 8 strategies, on some technologies women were more persuasive and in others men. So gender definitely effects on the persuasiveness of technologies. 11 | P a g e 1.3.3 Relevance of the Research Problem Literature 1 is relevant to my study as it was also focusing on app use and behavior change as it is easy to use the mobile apps because of availability of hundreds of apps in the market but which will be more effective and keep people attract and stick with them is the matter. Literature 2 was based on nutrition and diet. It also encourages people to follow a healthy lifestyle. They mostly talking about the processes of development, design, and testing. It is partially relevant to my problem. Literature 3 is based on only behavior change and gender differences. Which is part of my research problem not whole, So it is also partially connected with my research . 1.3.4 Summary of the Reviewed Methodologies Table3. Relevance of methodologies Literature Literature1 Literature2 Literature3 12 | P a g e Research Problem Mobile apps and behaviour changes Create a good mobile app Methodology Persuasive technology and gender difference Quantitative Quantitative Quantitative Your subproblem Use of mobile app and sustain behavior Use of mobile app and sustain behavior Use of mobile app and sustain behavior Relevance Strongly relevant Partially relevant Partially relevant 1.4 Proposed Methodology in this section, I am purposing a methodology which is a mixture of other methodologies. I selected some papers which are based on my topic and also related to the problem which I wanted to discuss. So here I divided section 1.4 into subsections which are as follow: section 1.4.1 explains why I select that methodology. Section 1.4.2 is about the limitations and benefits of that methodology. And finally, section 1.4.3 shows the framework or procedures of my methodology. 1.4.1Justification of Selected Methodology As I already mentioned I would like to use the hybrid methodology as it is not only limited in qualitative or quantitative but it adds both’s features in one methodology. So, it is better to use both of them instead only one. I want to do a survey which includes a questionnaire , testing and want to get feedbacks from common people or patients who are the real consumers of the apps. 1.4.2Benefits and Limitations of Methodology Benefits:  Direct People interaction  Surveys and testing will be performing together  Reliable sources  User interaction  Testing and data analysis Limitations:      13 | P a g e Different people different perceptions It can be complex approach Results can be vague Perfect app designing can be difficult, chances of left some portions of requirements Budget and Time 1.4.3 Framework of Methodology 14 | P a g e List of Reference Chatterjee, S. and A. Price (2009). "Healthy living with persuasive technologies: framework, issues, and challenges." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 16(2): 171-178. Handel, M. J. (2011). "mHealth (mobile health)—using apps for health and wellness." EXPLORE: The Journal of Science and Healing 7(4): 256-261. Hebden, L., et al. (2012). "Development of smartphone applications for nutrition and physical activity behavior change." JMIR research protocols 1(2): e9. Miyamoto, S. W., et al. (2016). "Tracking Health Data Is Not Enough: A Qualitative Exploration of the Role of Healthcare Partnerships and mHealth Technology to Promote Physical Activity and to Sustain Behavior Change." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 4(1): e5. Orji and R. (2014). " Exploring the persuasiveness of behavior change support strategies and possible gender differences." In Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Behavior Change Support Systems (BCSS2014), Padova, Italy.: 1-17. Qiang, C. Z., et al. (2012). "Mobile Applications for the Health sector." Schnall, R., et al. (2015). "mHealth technology as a persuasive tool for treatment, care and management of persons living with HIV." AIDS and Behavior 19(2): 81-89. 15 | P a g e NIT6130 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH ASSIGNMENT 3 – METHODOLOGY by Rachid Hamadi Student ID: 30099999 Table of Contents Table of Contents ................................................................................................................................ ii List of Figures .................................................................................................................................... iii List of Tables...................................................................................................................................... iv Chapter 1 Methodology....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Research Problem and Reorganized Collected Literature ......................................................... 1 1.1.1 Research Problem Statement .............................................................................................. 1 1.1.2 Reorganized Collected Literature ....................................................................................... 2 1.2 Types of Methodology .............................................................................................................. 2 1.2.1 Qualitative and Quantitative Methodologies ...................................................................... 2 1.2.2 Type of Chosen Methodology ............................................................................................ 2 1.3 Review of the Existing Methodologies ..................................................................................... 2 1.3.1 Selected Sub-Problem ........................................................................................................ 2 1.3.2 Analysis of the Selected Methodologies ............................................................................ 3 1.3.3 Relevance of the Research Problem ................................................................................... 3 1.3.4 Summary of the Reviewed Methodologies ........................................................................ 3 1.4 Proposed Methodology ............................................................................................................. 3 1.4.1 Identification and Justification ........................................................................................... 3 1.4.2 Benefits and Limitations .................................................................................................... 3 1.4.3 Framework and Explanation .............................................................................................. 3 List of References ............................................................................................................................... 4 ii List of Figures NO TABLE OF FIGURES ENTRIES FOUND. iii List of Tables NO TABLE OF FIGURES ENTRIES FOUND. iv Chapter 1 Methodology The purpose of this assignment is to identify an appropriate methodology for our research topic related to … This document is structured as follows. First a review, analysis and summary of the existing methodologies reported in the collected literatures will be given. Then, the methodology to be used will be proposed to solve the selected research problem. 1.1 Research Problem and Reorganized Collected Literature 1.1.1 Research Problem Statement 1 1.1.2 Reorganized Collected Literature Research Problem Problem 1 Sub-problem Sub-problem 1 Collected Literature Literature 1 Literature 2 … Sub-problem 2 … Problem 2 Sub-problem n … 1.2 Types of Methodology 1.2.1 Qualitative and Quantitative Methodologies 1.2.2 Type of Chosen Methodology 1.3 Review of the Existing Methodologies 1.3.1 Selected Sub-Problem 2 1.3.2 Analysis of the Selected Methodologies 1.3.3 Relevance of the Research Problem 1.3.4 Summary of the Reviewed Methodologies Literature # Literature1 Research Problem Methodology Literature2 1.4 Proposed Methodology 1.4.1 Identification and Justification 1.4.2 Benefits and Limitations 1.4.3 Framework and Explanation 3 Your Sub-problem Relevance List of References There are no sources in the current document. 4
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