Managed care has become an integral part of the U.S. health care system. In the early 1990s, President Clinton presented a plan for national health care reform that was based on a modified version of managed competition first proposed by Alain Enthoven.Through a combination of newly formed health alliances and competitive bidding by health plans, the incentives of the health care market would have been restructured to encourage price competition in the health care market at both the health plan and provider levels. Review the empirical literature on the effects of managed care and competition and the implications of current trends.Medicare is the second-largest social insurance program in the United States, after Social Security. Despite several attempts throughout the 20th century to enact national health insurance in the United States, each of those efforts failed, culminating in a compromise approach to provide health insurance for the aged: Medicare.Toggle DrawerQuestions to ConsiderTo deepen your understanding, you are encouraged to consider the questions below and discuss them with a fellow learner, a work associate, an interested friend, or a member of the business community.SHOW MOREToggle DrawerResourcesSuggested ResourcesThe following optional resources are provided to support you in completing the assessment or to provide a helpful context. For additional resources, refer to the Research Resources and Supplemental Resources in the left navigation menu of your courseroom.Library ResourcesThe following e-books or articles from the Capella University Library are linked directly in this course:Marmor, T. R., & Mashaw, J. L. (2006). Understanding social insurance: Fairness, affordability, and the 'modernization' of Social Security and Medicare. Health Affairs, (January-Jun 2006), W114–W134.SHOW MOREAssessment InstructionsNote: Each assessment in this course is a step in developing Assessment 6, a proposal for a new health policy in the form of a policy manual. You are strongly encouraged to complete assessments in this course in sequence.Research access, quality, and cost-effective care and how they benefit stakeholders.Then, write a 2–3-page paper answering the following questions:What role does quality measurement play in assessing the performance of health plans and in assessing the impact of price competition?Would you join a health plan without any information on quality, simply because it had the lowest cost? Why or why not?Refer to what you learned in your research as you answer the following:Should we, as a society, rely on individual choice of high-quality providers?Should we base our decisions on publicly available report cards to improve health-care quality?Should we rely on institutions (government agencies, for example) to mandate and enforce minimum quality standards? Why or why not?How do access, quality, and cost-effective care come together for the benefit of patients? Physicians and providers? Hospitals? Society?Additional RequirementsLength: Paper must be 2–3 pages typed and double-spaced, using Times New Roman, 12-point content (length excludes title page, abstract, table of contents, and reference list).References: Cite at least three references. Your references may include both scholarly literature and practitioner sources.Written communication: Writing must be free of errors, scholarly, and consistent with expectations for business professionals.Writing style: APA expectations for scholarly writing include the use of third-person narrative, unless it is awkward to do so.PLEASE SEE ATTACH GRADING CRITERIA

Assignment DescriptionThe Discussion Board (DB) is part of the core of online learning. Classroom discussion in an online environment requires the active participation of students and the instructor to create robust interaction and dialogue. Every student is expected to create an original response to the open-ended DB question as well as engage in dialogue by responding to posts created by others throughout the week. At the end of each unit, DB participation will be assessed based on both level of engagement and the quality of the contribution to the discussion.At a minimum, each student will be expected to post an original and thoughtful response to the DB question and contribute to the weekly dialogue by responding to at least two other posts from students. The first contribution must be posted before midnight (Central Time) on Friday of each week. Two additional responses are required after Friday of each week. Students are highly encouraged to engage on the Discussion Board early and often, as that is the primary way the university tracks class attendance and participation.The purpose of the Discussion Board is to allow students to learn through sharing ideas and experiences as they relate to course content and the DB question. Because it is not possible to engage in two-way dialogue after a conversation has ended, no posts to the DB will be accepted after the end of each unit.Assignment DetailsThis assignment has 4 parts:Review the Terminal Course Objectives, accessed by clicking on the “Course Information” tab at the top of your screen, scrolling down to the “Course Objectives” and then selecting View class objectives. How will accomplishing these objectives support your success in management? What risks or challenges might a manager encounter if they have not mastered these objectives? Explain.How are leadership and management similar? Different? What are some examples of ethical challenges that leaders and managers face in today’s global business environment?Are leaders born or made? Defend your position..Assignment ObjectivesApply critical thinking skills to analyze business situations.Apply ethical reasoning skills and ethical theories to business situations.Compare and contrast leadership and management, and understand their similarities and differences as well as the ethical challenges that managers face.Discuss and explain when and why participation should be used to improve leadership effectiveness.Explain the role of individual differences and traits in leadership.

1.  Why is it necessary to have a class specifically in healthcare finance as opposed to general finance? 2.  How would you prioritize the major objectives of healthcare financial management? 3.  What are the pros and cons of allowing for-profit businesses in healthcare?