Barnett/Rastafarianism as an African Diasporic Phenomenon 301 Chorus Advance, advance to victory Let Africa be free; Advance to meet the foe ne ne = 1 of he ng of prophets is to reason, while the function of the priests is to move around the altar, that is to conduct their services. Their religious services are arguably closer to revivalism than those of other Rastafari houses in terms of the greater exuberance that goes into the singing, drumming and dancing (Chevannes 1994). The Boboshante belief system is centered on the Holy Trinity which for them consists of Prophet, Priest and King. The Prophet is Marcus Garvey, while the "High Priest" is Prince Emmanuel, and the King is Haile Selassie 1. Interestingly enough, however, Prince Emmanuel is perceived to be Jesus himself by his followers, while Haile Selassie is regarded as the Almighty, and Marcus Garvey is regarded as John the Baptist (Barnett 2005). The general rules of conduct of the Boboshante House are shaped by the laws of the Old Testament, with a particular emphasis on the With the might of the Red, Black and Green. In sharp contrast to the popular songs of the time, this Ethiopian anthem was a call for the military preparations in anticipation of a struggle for Black liberation. Although other Pan-Africanists such as Wilmot Blyden incorporated the ideology of Ethiopianism, it was in Garvey that the spirit of Ethiopianism came into full blossom (Barrett In addition to providing an Ethiopianist ideology which provided the theological and foundation for the Rastafari movement, Garvey also developed a political ideology, when he stated, "Africa for the Africans at home and abroad," (Garvey 1986). This helped to lay the foundational basis for the principle of Ti, Не 1997). ideological n. ost 40 de ds ed he ed ail m le, vn ed ly. le пр Nazerine vow, just as is the case of the Nyahbinghi House. (Greater detail regarding the Nazerine vow is given below in the discussion of the Nyahbinghi House.) a Repatriation that is so central to the Rastafari belief system The Rastafari movement from its very early stages has always been polycephalous, heterogeneous, decentralized movement. It consists of various denominations, better known as Houses or Mansions of Rastafari. The largest and most pervasive Mansions are: 1) The Twelve Tribes of Israel, 2) The Nyahbinghi House, and 3) The Boboshante House, known officially as the Ethiopia Africa Black International Congress. There are key differences between these mansions as detailed below: а of ely ght rst ery Im of her his ory an, at The Nyahbinghi House/Order This Mansion is the oldest of the previously mentioned in that it has its roots strongly connected to those of the vintage Rastafari (Tafari 1995). The Nyahbinghi order is the most orthodox organization within the broader Rasta movement variously known as the House of Nyabinghi or the Theocratic Government of Rastafari, Haile Selassie I, or even the Theocratic assembly (Tafari 1995, Barnett 2000). The term Nyahbinghi, according to Campbell (1987:72), came from the anticolonialist movement of Kigezi in Uganda which called for death to Black and white oppressors. The University of the West Indies Report, (Smith et al., 1960) details that on the 7th of December 1935 the Jamaica Times published an account of the Nyahbinghi Order in Ethiopia and the Congo. According to this account in the Times, the Ethiopian Emperor was head of the Nyahbinghi Order, the purpose of which was to overthrow the white domination of Ethiopia, (by the Italians), by racial war. According to Smith Ethiopia Africa Black International Congress This house established and founded by the venerable Prince Emmanuel 1958, also has the distinction of being disciplined house. When its Shanty-Town head- a highly organized and during the destruction of Back-O-Wall in 1966, the congress relocated to Davis Lane in Trench Town, quarters on Spanish Town road was bulldozed ent L.A sia, et al., (1960), the term Nyahbingi came to mean in Jamaica, for many Rastafari, death to Black and white oppressors. Those who were in accord with this ideology quickly adopted the title, Nyah-men (alternatively spelt as Niyamen). What is clear from the University Report (Smith et al., 1960) is that Leonard Howell's followers at Pinnacle were perceived by the researchers to be the most prone to violence of all the Rastas in Jamaica; they further argue that from 1933 Howell had been preaching violence, thus surmising that it was Kingston (Tafari 1995; Barrett 1997; Chevannes 1994). They were then forced to move elsewhere in Trench Town until finally in 1972, in the face of more bulldozing, they moved to Bull Bay in the Parish of St. Andrew where this their main camp (often referred to as Zion Hill) still remains today. Boboshante camps outside of Jamaica are located in Trinidad, the Bahamas and the United States. The distinguishable from other Rastas, by the wearing of tightly wrapped turbans, long flowing black or white robes and sandals (Chevannes 1994). Generally speaking all male Bobos are either easily outwardly are Boboshante or "priests." The function of the "prophets" African-oriented Religions (Religious Practices Mixed with African belief Systems) in the New World. ASSIGNMENT II Instruction: Select one of the articles about African-oriented religions in your textbook, SECTION EIGHT UNDER THE TABLE OF CONTENT, (PP. 279-306). Write ONE FULL PAGE ESSAY answering the following questions with citations of the author of the article selected. You will get half of the points IF THERE ARE NO CITATIONS of the author and page cited. You can use APA or MLA citation systems for this essay. 10 Points for the article. 1. Which author and article (Religion) you selected from the textbook for your essay? 2. How did the author(s) describe the beliefs and practices of the religion you selected? 3. According to author(s), what aspects of the beliefs and practices of this religion are African beliefs? 4. According to the author(s), what aspects of the beliefs and practices of this religion are not African beliefs? 5. According to the author(s), where in Africa (country and ethnic groups) this religion originated or is/was practiced? 6. According to the author(s), in which country/state in the NEW WORLD (North America, South America, and Caribbean) this religion exist and practice? 7. Why the study and understanding of the beliefs and practices of these religions are important in the study of African Diaspora?
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