ATM 5 - Fall 2018 - Assignment 3 Due Friday, October 19th Directions: Answer all questions clearly and in your own words. All submitted responses must be typed and submitted via Canvas. Homework Question 3.1 The graph below is taken from the IPCC fifth assessment report and itemizes the major contributors to changes in energy balance in the Earth system. For each of the following species from the chart, give a few human activities that have been responsible for a change in these quantities from pre-industrial (1750): (a) CO2 , (b) atmospheric H2 O, (c) CH4 , (d) CFCs, (e) Black carbon aerosols, (f) Land use. You may draw from course notes, your textbook, or other sources in order to develop your answers. Make sure to follow the citation guidelines at the end of this assignment. 1 Homework Question 3.2 Identify whether the following activities would have a direct warming or cooling effect on the Earth system. In each case, provide a one sentence explanation of your answer. (a) Using cement concrete for paving roads instead of traditional dark pavements. (b) Emitting sulphate aerosols from airplanes traversing the stratosphere. (c) Converting coastal deserts to croplands using desalinated water. (d) Improving air quality through reductions in tailpipe aerosol emissions. (e) Capturing carbon dioxide emissions from power plants and storing underground. Homework Question 3.3 The Paris Agreement is a global pact to reduce carbon dioxide emissions that was drafted in December 2015 and ratified by the United States on September 3rd, 2016. In no more than 150 words, explain how this agreement aims to address this onerous task. Two years on, what is the status of the treaty? How would you propose countries tackle emissions reductions? Citation Style Please use the following format for citations: Journal articles: Backsoon, I. B. 1999. El Nio or El Nosense? Journal of Cosmetology 1:115-119. Books: Backsoon, I. B. 1999. The facts behind clichs. 2nd ed. Bemidji State University Press, Bemidji, MN. Newspaper or magazine articles: Backsoon, I. B., Verisi, X. O., and Enopi, L. M. 1999. Heat or humidity? Sacramento Bee. 2 January, p. A-8. Web: http://atm.ucdavis.edu 2
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