What types of data do I want to collect? Interview or Survey Questions • Draft different groups of questions that target specific types of data you want to collect • Example “data categories”: background information about participants; participants’ selfreported experiences; participants’ opinions about your research topic Text Analysis • List types of text features that may be relevant to your research • Consider whether the text features on your list are “high inference” or “low inference” • Be open to finding new text features that are relevant to your research Organizing Questionnaires Consider the overall organization of your questionnaire as well as the order of each group of questions • Use general-to-specific patterns when asking participants about their personal experiences • Ask specific questions about facts related to a participant’s opinions before asking direct, opinion-based questions Using Interview Tactics These tactics may be adapted for interview or survey research • Lead-Ins prepare participants for more important questions. Lead-ins can provide background about an interview or encourage participants to remember details • Pivots determine which of two or more paths to take during an interview. A pivot assumes that you have prepared one or more alternative lines of questioning • Transitions clarify how interview questions are related, how particular questions relate to the interview’s purpose, or how the participant’s perspective should change for a new line of questioning Questionnaire or Analysis Plan Drafting II Questionnaire • Brainstorm categories of questions you want to ask • List questions for each category • Organize your questions • Get feedback Analysis Plan • Describe the criteria that your sample texts should meet • Brainstorm types of text features that you could look for • Label each type of text feature as “high inference” or “low inference” • Get feedback Background: Dana Lynn Driscoll (2011) advices that “Primary research is…useful when you are studying a local problem or learning how a larger issue plays out at the local level” (p. 158). This assignment asks you to investigate how a larger issue regarding writing in your discipline impacts undergraduate writers at Sacramento State. To do so, you will write a research question or hypothesis connecting an issue discussed in your literature review with a specific undergraduate writing context on campus; plan and conduct interview, survey, or text analysis field research to collect data from Sacramento State students; craft a report that comes to an evidence-based conclusion about your research question or hypothesis. The completed report should give interested readers a student’s perspective of the issue under investigation. Prompt: What does primary research reveal about a writing in the disciplines issue on our campus? Introduce the context and purpose of your research project, describe your research process and the data you collected during your field work, and then discuss what that data implies about undergraduate writing at our university and/or about the writing in the disciplines issue under investigation. Text Features • Explain how your review of literature led to a research question or hypothesis • Describe how you investigated that research question or hypothesis through interview, survey, or text analysis research. Include information about o Students who participated in your research o Texts involved in your research, such as interview or survey questionnaires or samples of student writing o The steps of your research process • Present the data collected during your field work • Discuss how the results of field work led to one or more conclusions about your research question or hypothesis • Generalize about the implications and limitations of your research • Use a citation style and reference conventions appropriate for readers interested in the disciplinary context of your field work Appendices1 • • For an interview, a typed interview transcript (2-page minimum), For a survey, a sample survey questionnaire, visual representation (table, chart, etc.) of quantitative results, or examples of qualitative results 1 Required Appendices are not counted toward this assignment’s page requirements, but may be included in your article’s pagination. • For text analysis, a visual representation (table, chart, etc.) of quantitative results or examples of qualitative results Process Steps • Develop a research question or hypothesis connecting our campus and an issue discussed in your literature review • Complete research consent forms with all participants • Plan and conduct a survey or one or more interviews OR • Collect text samples • Analyze interview/survey results or text samples collected • Write a draft that explains your project and interprets your results • Revise your work based on peer feedback Due Dates • • 4- to 5-page rough draft due 5- to 6-page polished draft due
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