ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS USING ATTACHED NOTES:GEORGIA GOVERNMENT FINALS Study Guide: SPRING 2016 1.  Founded in 1733, Georgia was (compared to the other colonies) _________________. 2.  An outstanding leader in the establishment of the Georgia colony in 1733 was _____________. 3.  The basic motives for establishing the colony Georgia between South Carolina and Spanish Florida were/was ______________________. 4.  Initially, the founders of the Georgia colony sought to do the following, EXCEPT: 5.  Georgia’s first base of operations (administrative headquarters) was established at _________. 6.  The economy of the Georgia colony was essentially dependent upon the production of (which commodity)? 7.  The improvement of the cotton gin had the following impact upon the economy of Georgia: 8.  During the Civil War (1861-1864), the State of Georgia__________________. 9.  The first Governor of Georgia since Reconstruction to publicly advocate racial equality was ___. 10.  The first Republican Governor to be elected in Georgia since Reconstruction was/is ________. 11.  Compared to the other states in the Union, Georgia has had ten different constitutions since its founding. This could be explained mainly by _____________________________. 12.  Georgia’s legislature is called the “Citizens’ Branch” of government because ___________. 13.  Georgia’s bicameral legislature consists of a ________________. 14.  In the Georgia General Assembly, administrative floor leaders are chosen by ___________. 15.  A resolution proposing an amendment to the Georgia State Constitution must be approved by which of the following before it is placed before the people for ratification? 16.  Duties as president of the Georgia State Senate are constitutionally prescribed for the _______. 17.  A session of the Georgia State legislature, as prescribed in the Constitution, lasts _________. 18.  The individual who acts as the presiding officer of the Georgia House of Representatives is formally known as the _________________. 19.  Georgia currently uses the ___________________ to elect members of its General Assembly. 20.  The Governor of Georgia serves a term of how many years, and limited to how many consecutive terms of office? 21.  Article V of Georgia’s 1983 Constitution mandates the election of a governor, lieutenant governor, and six other constitutional officers collectively referred to as ________________.   22.  The hands of Georgia’s Governor are further strengthened in the annual budget battle with the legislature by this constitutional provision:_____________________. 23.  The Governor of Georgia is constitutionally authorized to do the following EXCEPT___________ . 24.  Which of the following is appointed by the Governor of the State of Georgia? 25.  To be a judge of Georgia’s Supreme Court,  Georgia’s Courts of Appeals, or a Superior Court of Georgia one must meet the following qualifications EXCEPT:__________________. 26.  Which of the following is NOT a constitutional court in the State of Georgia? 27.  With the EXCEPTION of probate court judges and magistrates, judges in the State of Georgia are ________. 28.  Unlike the U.S Constitution which has the Bills of Rights as a set of amendments after the main constitution, Georgia’s Bill of Rights is found _________________. 29.  Which of the following elected officials serves as the legal advisor to the Executive Department of the State of Georgia and represents the state in court? 30.  Which of the following is NOT true of Georgia’s Lieutenant Governor? 31.  In a primary election in Georgia with three or more candidates, where no one candidate gets a majority, the winner is _____________________. 32.  Which of the following officials has responsibility for the coordination and supervision of elections in the State of Georgia? 33.  Which of the following is NOT true of the Georgia State Election Board? 34.  Members of the Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia are (method of selection)______________. 35.  A “closed primary” election is one in which ________________. 36.  The constitutional officers required for every county government include the Sheriff, Clerk of the Superior Court, Judge of the Probate Court, and the __________________. 37.  The principal governing body of each county in Georgia is called the _____________. 38.  Pieces of legislation passed by county and municipal governments are called _____________. 39.  In the case of bills passed by Georgia’s legislature after the thirty-fourth day of the 40-day session, the Governor _____________________. 40.  Special metropolitan courts created by Georgia General Assembly with jurisdiction in special areas like traffic violations are called ______________________. 41.  The Superior, State, Juvenile, Probate, and Magistrate courts in Georgia could all be classified as (type of court) _______________ . 42.  The constitutional protection for Georgia’s legislators that prevents law suits against them for any speech made during legislative sessions is known as the ______________. 43.  The apportionment or representation in both Georgia House and Senate is based on ________. 44.  Which of the following is NOT a constitutionally elected official in the State of Georgia? 45.  The current Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives is ________________. 46.  The non-lawmaking functions of Georgia’s General Assembly include all of the following EXCEPT: 47.  Georgia’s Supreme Court sits ______ justices en banc, while Georgia Courts of Appeals sit judges in groups of ______________. 48.  Georgia Governor’s limited judicial powers include which of the following? 49.  The powers of local governments in the State of Georgia are primarily derived from (which constitutional provision?) 50.  The total number of electoral votes  the State of Georgia is entitled to in presidential elections  based on the 2010 census is: 51.  The Georgia State Legislature convenes (how often?)

Write an essay [on the poem below] in which you discuss some element[s] of the poem: [see poetic elements from handout], compare two poems, or write a comparison of the poem to a short story. In order to write effectively about poetry, one needs a clear idea of what the point of writing about poetry is. The goal is to create a specific “thesis” about the poem/poems [what you believe is true], and quote from lines of the poem to support your thesis.Remember, one of the best ways to write about poetry is to write a stanza-by-stanza analysis [part by part]. Write a body paragraph for each stanza in the poem—analyze it. Things to write about:Theme: One place to start when writing about poetry is to look at any significant themes that emerge in the poetry. Does the poetry deal with themes related to love, death, sickness, inspiration, beauty? Any other concepts? What other themes show up in the poem? Are there particular historical events that are mentioned in the poem? Or ”alluded” to [allusion]? What are the most important concepts that are addressed in the poem? Consider Whitman and Victor Hugo in this regard.Setting and Situation: poems are often set somewhere, in a certain context, and the speaker of the poem is undergoing some kind of dramatic “situation.” Discuss any one or more of the poems we’ve studied in relation to situation/setting. Why is it important to consider the situation? Does it have anything to do with the larger idea behind the poem?Classical versus Romantic in poems. Is the poem written more in a “classical” style or is it more in the “romantic” style? See “poetry elements” handout on e-companion for more info on this.Denotation/Connotation: What is the poem literally about [denotation] and what does it seem to symbolize? [connotation]. The denotative reading of a poem looks at the actual events of the poem [a man crosses a bridge]. A connotative look at a poem looks for the symbolism [crossing the bridge represents his movement out of his past and into his future, for example].Versification: See handout (Links to an external site.) <http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/575/01/> on the subject [“Patterns of Rhythm”]. Write about the rhythms, meter, verse.Figures of speech: Are there literary devices being used that affect how you read the poem? Here are some examples of commonly discussed figures of speech [see handout]: Symbols: where are the symbols and what do they represent, specifically?Symbol: an object or event that suggests something beyond its literal meaning.Metaphor: comparison between two unlike things—using a vehicle to represent a concept.Simile: comparison between two unlike things using "like" or "as"Metonymy: one thing stands for something else that is closely related to it (For example, using the phrase "the crown" to refer to the king would be an example of metonymy, or “White House” for government.)Synechdoche: a part stands in for a whole (For example, in the phrase "all hands on deck," "hands" stands in for the people in the ship's crew; or new “set of wheels” to refer to a car.)Personification: a non-human thing is endowed with human characteristics.Irony: a difference between surface meaning of the words and implications that may be drawn from them.Allusion: reference to historical or literary eventsAlliteration: the repeated use of consonant sounds [see handout]Assonance: the repeated use of vowel sounds [see handout]Cultural Context: How does the poem you are looking at relate to the historical context in which it was written? These questions may take you out of the literature section of your library altogether and involve finding out about philosophy, history, religion, economics, music, or the visual arts.Historical context: Consider the time in which the poem was written. Does this have any affect on the content [meaning] of the poem?Biographical context: Consider using biography as a starting point and write a paper in which you discuss the poem in relation to the author’s life. What was the author like? Does the poem represent his/her life?The paper is 3-4 pages, typed, doubleTHESE ARE POEMS TO CHOOSE FROMPoetry: Whitman out of the cradle endlessly rocking1OUT of the cradle endlessly rocking (Links to an external site.) <http://www.bartleby.com/142/1021.html#212.1>,Out of the mocking-bird’s throat, the musical shuttle (Links to an external site.) <http://www.bartleby.com/142/1021.html#212.2>,Out of the Ninth-month midnight,Over the sterile sands, and the fields beyond, where the child, leaving his bed, wander’d alone, bare-headed, barefoot,Down from the shower’d halo,5Up from the mystic play of shadows, twining and twisting as if they were alive,Out from the patches of briers and blackberries,From the memories of the bird that chanted to me,From your memories, sad brother—from the fitful risings and fallings I heard,From under that yellow half-moon, late-risen, and swollen as if with tears,10From those beginning notes of sickness and love, there in the transparent mist,From the thousand responses of my heart, never to cease,From the myriad thence-arous’d words,From the word stronger and more delicious than any,From such, as now they start, the scene revisiting,15As a flock, twittering, rising, or overhead passing,Borne hither—ere all eludes me, hurriedly,A man—yet by these tears a little boy again,Throwing myself on the sand, confronting the waves,I, chanter of pains and joys, uniter of here and hereafter,20Taking all hints to use them—but swiftly leaping beyond them,A reminiscence sing.2Once, Paumanok,When the snows had melted—when the lilac-scent was in the air (Links to an external site.) <http://www.bartleby.com/142/1021.html#212.24>, and the Fifth-month grass was growing,Up this sea-shore, in some briers,25Two guests from Alabama—two together,And their nest, and four light-green eggs, spotted with brown,And every day the he-bird, to and fro, near at hand,And every day the she-bird, crouch’d on her nest, silent, with bright eyes,And every day I, a curious boy, never too close, never disturbing them,30Cautiously peering, absorbing, translating.3Shine! shine! shine!Pour down your warmth, great Sun!While we bask—we two together.Two together!35Winds blow South, or winds blow North,Day come white, or night come black,Home, or rivers and mountains from home,Singing all time, minding no time,While we two keep together (Links to an external site.) <http://www.bartleby.com/142/1021.html#212.40>.404Till of a sudden,May-be kill’d, unknown to her mate,One forenoon the she-bird crouch’d not on the nest,Nor return’d that afternoon, nor the next,Nor ever appear’d again.45And thenceforward, all summer, in the sound of the sea,And at night, under the full of the moon, in calmer weather,Over the hoarse surging of the sea,Or flitting from brier to brier by day,I saw, I heard at intervals, the remaining one, the he-bird,50The solitary guest from Alabama.5Blow! blow! blow!Blow up, sea-winds, along Paumanok’s shore!I wait and I wait, till you blow my mate to me.6Yes, when the stars glisten’d,55All night long, on the prong of a moss-scallop’d stake,Down, almost amid the slapping waves,Sat the lone singer, wonderful, causing tears.He call’d on his mate;He pour’d forth the meanings which I, of all men, know.60Yes, my brother, I know;The rest might not—but I have treasur’d every note;For once, and more than once, dimly, down to the beach gliding,Silent, avoiding the moonbeams, blending myself with the shadows,Recalling now the obscure shapes, the echoes, the sounds and sights after their sorts,65The white arms out in the breakers tirelessly tossing,I, with bare feet, a child, the wind wafting my hair,Listen’d long and long.Listen’d, to keep, to sing—now translating the notes,Following you, my brother.707Soothe! soothe! soothe!Close on its wave soothes the wave behind,And again another behind, embracing and lapping, every one close,But my love soothes not me, not me.Low hangs the moon—it rose late;75O it is lagging—O I think it is heavy with love, with love.O madly the sea pushes, pushes upon the land,With love—with love.O night! do I not see my love fluttering out there among the breakers?What is that little black thing I see there in the white?80Loud! loud! loud!Loud I call to you, my love!High and clear I shoot my voice over the waves;Surely you must know who is here, is here;You must know who I am, my love.85Low-hanging moon!What is that dusky spot in your brown yellow?O it is the shape, the shape of my mate!O moon, do not keep her from me any longer.Land! land! O land!90Whichever way I turn, O I think you could give me my mate back again, if you only would;For I am almost sure I see her dimly whichever way I look.O rising stars!Perhaps the one I want so much will rise, will rise with some of you.O throat! O trembling throat (Links to an external site.) <http://www.bartleby.com/142/1021.html#212.95>!95Sound clearer through the atmosphere!Pierce the woods, the earth;Somewhere listening to catch you, must be the one I want.Shake out, carols!Solitary here—the night’s carols!100Carols of lonesome love! Death’s carols!Carols under that lagging, yellow, waning moon!O, under that moon, where she droops almost down into the sea!O reckless, despairing carols.But soft! sink low;105Soft! let me just murmur;And do you wait a moment, you husky-noised sea;For somewhere I believe I heard my mate responding to me,So faint—I must be still, be still to listen;But not altogether still, for then she might not come immediately to me.110Hither, my love!Here I am! Here!With this just-sustain’d note I announce myself to you;This gentle call is for you, my love, for you.Do not be decoy’d elsewhere!115That is the whistle of the wind—it is not my voice;That is the fluttering, the fluttering of the spray;Those are the shadows of leaves.O darkness! O in vain!O I am very sick and sorrowful.120O brown halo in the sky, near the moon, drooping upon the sea!O troubled reflection in the sea!O throat! O throbbing heart!O all—and I singing uselessly, uselessly all the night.Yet I murmur, murmur on (Links to an external site.) <http://www.bartleby.com/142/1021.html#212.125>!125O murmurs—you yourselves make me continue to sing, I know not why.O past! O life! O songs of joy (Links to an external site.) <http://www.bartleby.com/142/1021.html#212.127>!In the air—in the woods—over fields;Loved! loved! loved! loved! loved!But my love no more, no more with me (Links to an external site.) <http://www.bartleby.com/142/1021.html#212.130>!130We two together no more.8The aria sinking;All else continuing—the stars shining,The winds blowing—the notes of the bird continuous echoing (Links to an external site.) <http://www.bartleby.com/142/1021.html#212.134>,With angry moans the fierce old mother incessantly moaning (Links to an external site.) <http://www.bartleby.com/142/1021.html#212.135>,135On the sands of Paumanok’s shore, gray and rustling;The yellow half-moon enlarged, sagging down, drooping, the face of the sea almost touching;The boy extatic—with his bare feet the waves, with his hair the atmosphere dallying,The love in the heart long pent, now loose, now at last tumultuously bursting,The aria’s meaning, the ears, the Soul, swiftly depositing,140The strange tears down the cheeks coursing,The colloquy there—the trio—each uttering,The undertone—the savage old mother, incessantly crying,To the boy’s Soul’s questions sullenly timing—some drown’d secret hissing,To the outsetting bard of love.1459Demon or (Links to an external site.) <http://www.bartleby.com/142/1021.html#212.146> bird! (said the boy’s soul,)Is it indeed toward your mate you sing? or is it mostly to me?For I, that was a child, my tongue’s use sleeping,Now I have heard you,Now in a moment I know what I am for—I awake,150And already a thousand singers—a thousand songs, clearer, louder and more sorrowful than yours,A thousand warbling echoes have started to life within me,Never to die.O you singer, solitary (Links to an external site.) <http://www.bartleby.com/142/1021.html#212.154>, singing by yourself—projecting me;O solitary me, listening—nevermore shall I cease perpetuating you;155Never more shall I escape, never more the reverberations,Never more the cries of unsatisfied love be absent from me,Never again leave me to be the peaceful child I was before what there, in the night,By the sea, under the yellow and sagging moon,The messenger there arous’d (Links to an external site.) <http://www.bartleby.com/142/1021.html#212.160>—the fire, the sweet hell within,160The unknown want, the destiny of me.O give me the clew (Links to an external site.) <http://www.bartleby.com/142/1021.html#212.162>! (it lurks in the night here somewhere;)O if I am to have so much, let me have more!O a word! O what is my destination? (I fear it is henceforth chaos;)O how joys, dreads, convolutions, human shapes, and all shapes, spring as from graves around me!165O phantoms! you cover all the land and all the sea!O I cannot see in the dimness whether you smile or frown upon me;O vapor, a look, a word! O well-beloved!O you dear women’s and men’s phantoms!A word then, (for I will conquer it,)170The word final, superior to all,Subtle, sent up—what is it?—I listen;Are you whispering it, and have been all the time, you sea-waves?Is that it from your liquid rims and wet sands?10Whereto (Links to an external site.) <http://www.bartleby.com/142/1021.html#212.175> answering, the sea,175Delaying not, hurrying not,Whisper’d me through the night, and very plainly before day-break,Lisp’d to me (Links to an external site.) <http://www.bartleby.com/142/1021.html#212.178> the low and delicious word DEATH;And again Death—ever Death, Death, Death,Hissing melodious, neither like the bird, nor like my arous’d child’s heart,180But edging near, as privately for me, rustling at my feet,Creeping thence steadily up to my ears, and laving me softly all over (Links to an external site.) <http://www.bartleby.com/142/1021.html#212.182>,Death, Death, Death, Death, Death.Which I do not forget,But fuse the song of my dusky demon and brother (Links to an external site.) <http://www.bartleby.com/142/1021.html#212.185>,185That he sang to me (Links to an external site.) <http://www.bartleby.com/142/1021.html#212.186> in the moonlight on Paumanok’s gray beach,With the thousand responsive songs, at random,My own songs, awaked from that hour;And with them the key, the word up from the waves,The word of the sweetest song, and all songs,190That strong and delicious word which, creeping to my feet,