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BIO 2070 CSM Ch 4 Primary Tissues in The Body and their Roles Paper

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Biology
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Chapter 4 Keywords – Tissues
Identify the four major types or primary tissues in the body and describe their roles.
Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous
Discuss the types and overall functions of epithelial tissue.
Epithelia: layers of cells covering internal or external surfaces
Glands: produce fluid secretions
Functions:
1. Provide physical protection
2. Control permeability
3. Provide sensation
4. Produce specialized secretions
Characteristics:
1. Polarity – apical and basal surfaces
2. Cellularity – cell junctions
a. Gap junctions: allow small ions/molecules to pass through
b. Tight junctions: zipper-like
c. Desmosomes: flexible
3. Attachment – basement membrane
4. Avascularity – avascular
5. Regeneration – highly mitotic (reproduce)
Classifications:
1. Based on shape:
a. Squamous – thin and flat
b. Cuboidal – square shape (like a cube)
c. Columnar – tall, slender rectangles (like a column)
2. Based on layers:
a. Simple epithelium – single layer of cells
b. Stratified epithelium – several layers

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