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Ch 3 Bacteria and Archaea Presentation

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Slide 1 Bacteria and Archaea Chapter 3 Slide 2 3.1 Prokaryotes  Prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes in many traits including size and lack of internal membrane systems (more simplistic)  Prokaryotes are divided into domain Bacteria and Archaea (these survive in extreme areas)  Bacteria are divided into 2 groups based on their Gram stain reaction Slide 3 3.2 Common features of bacterial and archaeal cell structure • Shape, arrangement, and size • Cocci (s., coccus) – spheres • Diplococci (s., diplococcus) – pairs • Streptococci – chains • Staphylcocci – grape-like clusters • Tetrads – 4 cocci in a square • Bacilli (s., bacillus) – rod-shaped • Coccobacilli – very short rods Slide 4 Staphylococcus aureus = clusters Streptococcus agalactiae = chains Bacillus megaterium = rod-shaped Slide 5 Shape, arrangement, and size Other cell shapes and arrangements • Vibrios – resemble rods, comma-shaped • Spiral-shaped prokaryotes • Spirilla (s., spirillum) – rigid • Spirochetes – flexible Slide 6 Rhodospirillum rubrum = spirilla (spiral-shaped) Vibrio cholera = comma-shaped (resembles rod) Slide 7 CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS 1. What is the importance of the surface area-to-volume (S/V) ratio for microbes? 2. How does cell shape affect this? Slide 8 Morphology of a Bacterial Cell Slide 9 Slide 10 3.3 Bacterial Cell Envelopes • Cell Envelope • The plasma membrane and all surrounding layers external ou ...
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