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Viral Infections Presentation

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Slide 1 Types of Viral Infections • Cytocidal infection • Infection that results in cell death • Cytopathic effects (CPEs) • Pathic – means disease • Microscopic or macroscopic degenerative changes or abnormalities in host cells and tissues Slide 2 Mechanisms of host cell damage and cell death • Inhibition of host DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis • Mechanisms unknown • They take over enzymes in cell • Lysosomes damage • Lysosome – degrades proteins • Causes release of hydrolytic enzymes into cell Slide 3 Lysosome pH is very acidic Slide 4 Other mechanisms… • Alteration of plasma membrane • Insertion of virus-specific proteins • Can lead to attack of host cell by immune system • Transformation of host cell into a malignant cell Slide 5 Spike proteins Slide 6 Critical thinking question: • Would it be advantageous for a virus to damage host cells? • No because the virus needs to feed off of the host cell and replicate itself using the cell’s mechanisms. • It is bad for the virus to cause cell death. It would be taking away its environment Slide 7 18.4 Persistent, Latent, and Slow Virus Infections • Acute infections • Rapid onset and relatively short duration, short lived • Example: influenza • Persistent infections • Can last many years, can be over entire life span • Example: HIV Slide 8 Types of persistent infections • Chronic virus infection • Virus almost always detectable • Clinica ...
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