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System Development Life Cycle Notes

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SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE (SDLC)

IS of all types go through a predictable series of phases.

The following are the logical stages of the SDLC

a) Problem recognition.

b) Feasibility study.

c) Analysis.

d) Design.

e) System implementation

i. Coding / Construction

ii. Hardware Installation

iii. Testing

iv. File Conversion.

v. Documentation

vi. Changeover or Conversion to a new system

vii. Staff training & System Operation

f) System Review & Maintenance.

1. PROBLEM RECOGNITION

The birth of a new system occurs when managers or users realize

either that an IS is needed for a new business is no longer

reflective of the org functions e.g. as the business expand

considerably the IS could fail to offer functions that mgt think that

are important 4 future growth of the business.

Awareness of the inadequacy may come about as a result of a

formal review of the system or complains from the users if the

different btn both the business needs & what the IS can do are

sufficiently serious. Mgt may decide to call in a system analyst to

examine the problem in depth.

The major functions in this phase are to establish that a problem

exists.

• The o/p of the phase –Authorization to conduct feasibility

study.

• Principle tools required—None

• Personnel & tasks required—A User or manager who notifies

an analyst that a problem exists.

2. FEASIBILITY STUDY

The purpose of a FS is to define the problem & to decide whether

or not a new system is viable.

During this stage, the system Analyst quickly studies the problem to

access its magnitude & at the time attempts to restricts the scope

of the project.

Since a change to one part of a system can quickly mushroom

throughout other areas of the company, its critical to decide

upfront exactly what will & will not be included in new project.

The Analyst lists precisely what is wrong with the current system as

well as what will be read of any new system for example, he/she

may indicate the current rib of records that the system is able to

maintain. He may also list a set of reports that the mgt may require

but are not available within the current system. The Analyst must

determine if the immediate system is technically, socially,

politically & economically feasible for the company.

N/B

Its impossible to deliver exact estimated in a FS since the system

has not fully specified & designed. After the estimates are

prepared the analyst must co-ordinate the cost & the benefit. CBA

is produced to evaluate the costs that the org will incur & the

benefits that the system will deliver. After mgt has examined CBA

it can choose either to abort the project bcoz it is not worth the

cost or to proceed to the analysis phase.

TYPES OF FEASIBILITY STUDY

❖ Technical feasibility

❖ Operational or Social feasibility

❖ Economic feasibility

❖ Political feasibility.

❖ Schedule feasibility

Technical feasibility

An aspect of feasibility analysis that evaluates the technical

expertise, which the organization has in order to successfully,

implements the candidate system. The analyst also needs to access

whether the technology exists to implement the recommended

system.

Economic feasibility

❖ Does the project make economic sense?

❖ Benefits should outweigh the cost of the system.

❖ Benefits of the system can either be tangle or intangible.

❖ Cost of the system can either be tangible or intangible.

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SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE (SDLC) IS of all types go through a predictable series of phases. The following are the logical stages of the SDLC a) Problem recognition. b) Feasibility study. c) Analysis. d) Design. e) System implementation i. Coding / Construction ii. Hardware Installation iii. Testing iv. File Conversion. v. Documentation vi. Changeover or Conversion to a new system vii. Staff training & System Operation f) System Review & Maintenance. 1. PROBLEM RECOGNITION The birth of a new system occurs when managers or users realize either that an IS is needed for a new business is no lo ...
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Tags: System Development Life Cycle hardware sdlc Political feasibility Operational or Social feasibility