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International Current Affairs for August 2020 Paper

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Australia vs US Tech giants
In a significant move to protect its independent journalists, Australia is to compel
the tech giants of United States to pay the media journalists of Australia for their
news content. The tech giants are:
o Google
o Facebook Inc.
It is a first such move by any country.
The move will help the Australian media companies to gain “royalty under royalty-
style system
If this move works out, it will be transformed into a law
A study was conducted in 2019 in this regard
o The media companies of Australia pay “advertising revenue” to Facebook and
Google
o As a result of which these companies are unable to pay salaries to their
employees, which resulted in loss of around 3,000 journalism jobs in the
country
o For every 100 AUD that is spent on online ads (excluding local and matrimonial
ads) around one third goes to Facebook and Google. This is as per Josh
Frydenberg
Such efforts by other countries
o Such an initiative was taken by another nations as well, but they could not get
these companies to pay the royalty fees
o National copyright laws were implemented by European countries like
Germany, Spain and France that would compel Google to pay licensing fees on
using any of their news content
o Hence, Google in 2019 stopped publishing news content from European
publishers on its site for its French users.
Facebook is an American social media and social networking service.
CEO & Founder: Mark Zuckerberg
Date of Launch: 4th February, 2004
Launch date in India: 26 September, 2006
INTERNATIONAL

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US Restrictions on H-1B Visa
The President of the United States has issued an executive order which prohibits
the federal agencies from hiring any foreign worker especially those who is on H-
1B visa on any contractual basis
This follows the restrictions imposed by the POTUS on 24
th
June 2020, which were
as follows:
o The “Green Cards and Non-Migrant Work Visas” have been temporarily
suspended by the US government till 31 December 2020.
o This measure has been taken by the government during the Covid-19 pandemic
to safeguard the jobs for the citizens of the country, who have been largely hit
owing to the economic crisis and lockdown imposed by the disease.
o These orders were signed on 22nd June 2020 by the US President.
o Below is the list of suspended work-visas
J Visas: Educational and Cultural workers
H-1B: non-immigrant visas to employ graduate level workers in IT,
science, mathematics etc fields. These are issued on a random basis.
L-1: Intra-company transfers
H-4: for spouses of H-1B visa holders
H-2B: low skill workers
o As per estimates, a total of 47 million people of the US are expected to lose
their jobs because of the pandemic.
o The suspension of the visas could create around 5,25,000 jobs in the country.
o Few changes have also been suggested to the H-1B visa programme by the
POTUS: the immigrant workers who are paid highest wages by the recruiter
will be preferred over non-immigrant workers.
The United States (US) also called United States of America (USA), a country in North
America is a nation of 50 states.
Capital: Washington DC
President: Donald Trump
Largest City: New York City
Currency: United States Dollar (USD)

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INTERNATIONAL Australia vs US Tech giants • In a significant move to protect its independent journalists, Australia is to compel the tech giants of United States to pay the media journalists of Australia for their news content. The tech giants are: o Google o Facebook Inc. • It is a first such move by any country. • The move will help the Australian media companies to gain “royalty under royaltystyle system” • If this move works out, it will be transformed into a law • A study was conducted in 2019 in this regard o The media companies of Australia pay “advertising revenue” to Facebook and Google o As a result of which these companies are unable to pay salaries to their employees, which resulted in loss of around 3,000 journalism jobs in the country o For every 100 AUD that is spent on online ads (excluding local and matrimonial ads) around one third goes to Facebook and Google. This is as per Josh Frydenberg • Such efforts by other countries o Such an initiative was taken by another nations as well, but they could not get these companies to pay the royalty fees o National copyright laws were implemented by European countries like Germany, Spain and France that would compel Google to pay licensing fees on using any of their news content o Hence, Google in 2019 stopped publishing news content from European publishers on its site for its French users. Facebook is an American social media and social networking service. CEO & Founder: Mark Zuckerberg Date of La ...
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