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20201121201347exercise15 Skill Check Online Fa2020.edited

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Biology

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Grossmont Cuyamaca Community College District Discussion

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oelnar7200

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Exercise15: DNA, Genes, NAME: _____________________________

Chromosomes and Cancer Section: ____________________________

Skill Check Worksheet

Activity 1: Extraction of DNA

1) Explain why you think each of the following steps of the procedures was necessary to the

extraction process:

a) Blending the mixture of peas, salt, and water in the blender

Bleeding the mixture of peas, salt, and water in the blender helps in tearing apart the

cells, increasing surface area for DNA extraction.

b) Adding the detergent to the mixture

Detergent acts as a cell lysis solution. Adding the detergent to the mixture helps in the

lysis of the cell membranes, and nuclear membrane to expose the DNA molecules.

c) Adding the meat tenderizer

Meat tenderizers help in the digestion of protein contaminants present in an extracted

DNA molecule. The genomic DNA has a protective layer of protein molecules.

2) How might you go about proving that the material that was extracted is DNA?

• A Nanodrop (UV-VIS) spectrophotometer can be used to quantify DNA samples. It

can calculate DNA concentration and show the level of protein and RNA

contamination.

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• Loading extracted DNA molecule alongside a standard DNA ladder on separate wells

in agarose gel electrophoresis and checking the presence of DNA bands in a gel

imager. DNA bands should appear slightly above wells loaded with DNA samples.

The molecular weight of the DNA samples is cross-checked with the standard ladder.

3) What other sources could be used to extract DNA?

Bacterial and fungal suspensions

Young plant leaves

Insects

Body secretions

Body tissues.

Activity 2: DNA, Genes, Chromosomes, and Cancer

Answer each of the following questions from the perspective of the genetic counselor.

Question 1: My doctor told me that I have breast cancer, but no one in my family has ever

had breast cancer? Why did I get it? I thought that breast cancer was inherited. She told

me that it is due to changes in my genes, but I do not understand how changes in my genes

can cause cancer.

The genetic composition of the breast cells can change gradually due to obesity,

inheritance exposure to radiation, and chemicals that cause mutation. Exposure to dangerous

radiation and eating food products that contain mutagens can cause a mutation that alters the

DNA base sequence resulting in the formation of malignant tumor cells that migrate to other

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Exercise15: DNA, Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer Skill Check Worksheet NAME: _____________________________ Section: ____________________________ Activity 1: Extraction of DNA 1) Explain why you think each of the following steps of the procedures was necessary to the extraction process: a) Blending the mixture of peas, salt, and water in the blender Bleeding the mixture of peas, salt, and water in the blender helps in tearing apart the cells, increasing surface area for DNA extraction. b) Adding the detergent to the mixture Detergent acts as a cell lysis solution. Adding the detergent to the mixture helps in the lysis of the cell membranes, and nuclear membrane to expose the DNA molecules. c) Adding the meat tenderizer Meat tenderizers help in the digestion of protein contaminants present in an extracted DNA molecule. The genomic DNA has a protective layer of protein molecules. 2) How mi ...
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Tags: Spectrophotometer Cell Membranes DNA Molecules Extraction Process cell lysis solution