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Temperature And Heat

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Physics

Course

PHYS 102

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Homework

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Temperature and Heat

Questions:

1. What is better to warm up in a cold night a kg of hot water at 500C or a kg of gold at the

same temperature? Why?

On a cold night, it is better to warm up a kilogram of gold at 500 °𝐶 than a kilogram of

hot water at 500 °𝐶 because the specific heat of gold is lesser than that of the water. Water,

which has a higher specific heat, warms up slowly and cools down slowly, while gold

warms up faster and cools down faster. This means it is easier to warm up gold on a cold

night because it requires a lesser amount of heat to raise its temperature.

2. What is happening with the parameters (pressure, volume, and temperature) of an air

bubble released by a frog at the bottom of a lake? Explain why.

The air bubble’s pressure and buoyancy decrease as it moves towards the surface of the

water. On the other hand, the volume increases because volume and pressure are inversely

proportional. The temperature of the air bubble also increases as it reaches the surface of

the water since the water is warmer at the surface than at the bottom of the lake.

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Discussion:

The concept of specific heat of a substance was first raised by Joseph black, a Scottish scientist,

where he had observed that various materials with the same masses require a different quantity of

heat in order to increase their respective temperature (“Specific heat,” 2008)

(1)

. From then on, the

concept of specific heat was later used in order to calculate the atomic weights of numerous

substances by Pierre-Louis Dulong and Alexis-Thérèse Petit, French physicists in the 19th century.

The specific heat of a material refers to the ratio of the amount of heat needed to increase the

temperature of the material by one degree and the necessary amount of heat to increase the

temperature of the same mass of water by one degree. For metals, they have specific heat far lesser

than the specific heat of water, which means that metals, such as gold, copper, and silver, will heat

up faster and cool down faster compared to water. Other substances that have a higher specific

heat tends to heat up at a slower rate, and they take a longer time to cool down. The specific heat

of water is 4.186 joule/gram °C (“Heat Capacity and Water”) (2), which is the highest among all

liquids. The specific heat of different substances can be seen in the diagram below:

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Temperature and Heat Questions: 1. What is better to warm up in a cold night a kg of hot water at 500C or a kg of gold at the same temperature? Why? On a cold night, it is better to warm up a kilogram of gold at 500 °𝐶 than a kilogram of hot water at 500 °𝐶 because the specific heat of gold is lesser than that of the water. Water, which has a higher specific heat, warms up slowly and cools down slowly, while gold warms up faster and cools down faster. This means it is easier to warm up gold on a cold night because it requires a lesser amount of heat to raise its temperature. 2. What is happening with the parameters (pressure, volume, and temperature) of an air bubble released by a frog at the bottom of a lake? Explain why. The air bubble’s pressure and buoyancy decrease as it moves towards the surface of the water. On the other hand, the volume increases because volume and pres ...
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Tags: temperature kinetic energy thermal expansion Heat Blended Three Scales substances expand