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Two change theories for use in ebp project

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Running Head: CHANGE THEORIES 1
COMPARISON OF TWO CHANGE THEORIES FOR USE IN EBP PROJECT
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CHANGE THEORIES 2
In all aspects of every human endeavor, change is one concept that is inevitable. For this
reason, there has been development of several change theories over the years that have attempted
the concept of in various organizational and practice settings. Among the famous change theories
include the Lippitt Phases of Change theory, social cognitive theory, and Lewin’s theory. This
paper aims at comparing and contrasting two change theories, the social cognitive theory and
Lewin’s theory, exploring their suitability in the implementation of EBP projects in the field of
nursing.
Kurt Lewin’s change model examines human behavior as being a product of restraining
and driving forces, which are working in opposite directions (Kritsonis, 2005). Motivating, or
driving forces, are positive and act as encouragement for people to move or act in the direction
required of them. On the other hand, restraining forces push people in opposing directions hence
undermining change in teams (Kritsonis, 2005).
Lewin’s change model involves three steps; unfreezing, changing, and refreezing. The
first phase or step in transformation of behavior is unfreezing, or disruption of the current human
status. Various techniques, such as increasing of the factors of motivation and reduction of the
restraining factors, can be used in disruption. The second phase is changing, which involves
movement in modification of behavior, and entails relocating the human behavior system to a
different level. The third and final stage is refreezing, and involves conditioning of people to
permanently embracing the desired change in order not to revert to their past behaviors.
The second change theory in focus is the social cognitive theory which emphasizes on the
significance of the environment, attitudes, and personalities in modification of human behavior
(Burke & Mancuso, 2012). The individual must possess self-motivation and self-efficacy for
behavior change to happen. This involves complete belief in individual abilities to adopt a

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Running Head: CHANGE THEORIES 1 COMPARISON OF TWO CHANGE THEORIES FOR USE IN EBP PROJECT Name of the Student Institution Course CHANGE THEORIES 2 In all aspects of every human endeavor, change is one concept that is inevitable. For this reason, there has been development of several change theories over the years that have attempted the concept of in various organizational and practice settings. Among the famous change theories include the Lippitt Phases of Change theory, social cognitive theory, and Lewin’s theory. This paper aims at comparing and contrasting two change theories, the social cognitive theory and Lewin’s theory, exploring their suitability in the implementation of EBP projects in the field of nursing. Kurt Lewin’s change model examines human behavior as being a product of restraining and driving forces, which are working in opposite directions (Kritsonis, 2005). Motivating, or driving forces, are positive and act as encouragement for people to move or act in the direction required of them. On the other hand, restraining forces push people in opposing directions hence undermining change in teams (Kritsonis, 2005). Lewin’s change model involves three step ...
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