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Syracuse university htw 221 community health promotion midterm study guide

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Syracuse University HTW 221: Community Health Promotion
Midterm Study Guide
Public Health Terms
Public Health: actions that society takes collectively to ensure that the conditions in which people can
be healthy occur
Public Health System: organizational mechanism of those activities undertaken within the formal
structure of government and the associated efforts of private and voluntary organizations and
individuals
Community Health: health status of a defined group of people, and actions and conditions to promote,
protect, and preserve their health
Population Health: health status of people who are not organized and have no identity as a group or
locality and the actions and conditions to promote, protect, and preserve their health
Global Health: health problems, issues, and concerns that transcend national boundaries, may be
influenced by circumstances or experiences in other countries, best addressed by cooperative actions and
solutions
Social Determinants of Health
Economic Stability Factors: Poverty, Employment, Food, Security, Housing, Stability
Educational Areas: High School Graduation, Enrollment in Higher Education, Language and
Literacy, Early Childhood Education and Development
Social and Community: Social Cohesion, Civic Participation, Discrimination, Incarceration
Neighborhood and Built Environment: Access to Healthy Foods, Quality of Housing, Crime and
Violence, Environmental Conditions
Health and Health Care: Access to Health Care, Access to Primary Care, Health Literacy
Public Health History
Spiritual Era: Middle Ages, causation of communicable diseases was linked to spiritual forces
Modern Era: began in 1850 and continues today
Bacteriological Period: between 1875-1900, causes of many bacterial diseases were discovered
National Hospital Survey and Construction Act: legislation passed 1946, help improve distribution of
medical care and enhance quality of hospitals
Pure Food and Drugs Act of 1906: legislation passes 1906, inspired by the book “The Jungle” by
Upton Sinclair
Famous People of Public Health
John Snow: studied cholera epidemic in London in 1854, considered the father of Epidemiology
Lemuel Shattuck: wrote a report on Health status of the people of the commonwealth of
Massachusetts establishing recommendations on Health education, alcohol, smoke adulterated food,
and nostrums

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Robert Koch: developed criteria and procedures necessary to establish that microbes causes disease(s),
identified numerous bacterial agents such as typhoid, gonorrhea, leprosy, TB, cholera, diphtheria,
tetanus, pneumonia, plague, and dysentery
Edward Jenner: successfully demonstrated the process of vaccination, vaccination against smallpox
Edward Devine: noted in 1909 that “ill health is perhaps the most constant of the attendants of
poverty”
Public Health Vocabulary
Medicare: federally funded health insurance for people over age 65, with Chronic kidney disease or
meet other special requirements insurance was an amendment to the Social Security Act of 1935,
was passed in 1965
Medicaid: health insurance that is partially funded by the federal government and each state has
income requirements, was passed in legislation 1965, was an amendment to the Social Security Act of
1935
Healthy People document: produced in 1979 by Surgeon General produced every 10 years, sets health
goals and objectives for the U.S. that defines the nation’s health agenda, sets health policy
Communicable Diseases: diseases transmitted from one person to another but can be prevented with
vaccinations and good hand washing
Health Disparities: difference in health and health status among populations
Textbook Vocabulary Words (Chapters 1, 2, 6, 3, 4, 7)
1. Health: dynamic state or condition of the human organism that is multidimensional in nature, resource
for living, and results from a person’s interactions with and adaptations to his or her environment –
can exist in varying degrees and is specific to each individual and his or her situation
2. Community: collective body of individuals identified by common characteristics such as geography,
interests, experiences, concerns, or values
3. Public Health: actions that society takes collectively to ensure that the conditions in which people can
be healthy can occur
4. Public Health System: organizational mechanism of those activities undertaken within the formal
structure of government and the associated efforts of private and voluntary organizations and
individuals
5. Community Health: health status of a defined group of people and the actions and conditions to
promote, protect, and preserve their health
6. Population Health: health status of people who are not organized and have no identity as a group or
locality and the actions and conditions to promote, protect, and preserve their health
7. Global Health: health problems, issues, and concerns that transcend national boundaries, may be
influenced by circumstances or experiences in other countries, and are best addressed by cooperative
actions and solutions
8. Community Organizing: community groups are helped to identify common problems or change targets,
mobilize resources, and develop and implement strategies for reaching their collective goals
9. Herd Immunity: resistance of a population to the spread of an infectious agent based on the immunity
of a high proportion of individuals

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Syracuse University HTW 221: Community Health Promotion Midterm Study Guide Public Health Terms • • • • • Public Health: actions that society takes collectively to ensure that the conditions in which people can be healthy occur Public Health System: organizational mechanism of those activities undertaken within the formal structure of government and the associated efforts of private and voluntary organizations and individuals Community Health: health status of a defined group of people, and actions and conditions to promote, protect, and preserve their health Population Health: health status of people who are not organized and have no identity as a group or locality and the actions and conditions to promote, protect, and preserve their health Global Health: health problems, issues, and concerns that transcend national boundaries, may be influenced by circumstances or experiences in other countries, best addressed by cooperative actions and solutions Social Determinants of Health • • • • • Economic Stability Factors: Poverty, Employment, Food, Security, Housing, Stability Educational Areas: High School Graduation, Enrollment in Higher Education, Language and Literacy, Early Childhood Education and Development Social and Community: Social Cohesion, Civic Participation, Discrimination, Incarceration Neighborhood and Built Environment: Access to Healthy Foods, Quality of Housing, Crime and Violence, Environmental Conditions Health and Health Care: Access t ...
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