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Atomic structure and chemical bonding lecture 1 1

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Atomic structure and Chemical Bonding SCH 200 Dr. L. Kiruri 02/11/2021 Lecture Notes by Dr E. Changamu 1 Review of Fundamental particles Particle Symbol Massx10-31 kg Relative Charge Atomic Mass Spin Proton p 16726.231 1.0072765 + ½ Neutron n 16749.286 1.0086649 None ½ Electron e 9.1093897 0.0005486 - ½ Atomic mass unit = 1.660538782 x 10-27g/particle Q. Name the scientist who discovered each particle 02/11/2021 Lecture Notes by Dr E. Changamu 2 Experimental foundations of the Quantum Theory • In the 19th century scientists were fascinated with the nature of light among other things. • Some of the specific cases which could not be explained by classical physics included: • • • • • 02/11/2021 Black-body radiation Compton effect Photoelectric effect Atomic spectra Heat capacity variation Lecture Notes by Dr E. Changamu 3 Blackbody radiation A blackbody – “a hypothetical body that absorbs, without reflection, all of the electromagnetic radiation that falls on its surface.” – radiates more intensely than other bodies at the same temperature Examples 02/11/2021 Lecture Notes by Dr E. Changamu 4 02/11/2021 Lecture Notes by Dr E. Changamu 5 Features of Blackbody Radiation Observable Characteristics 1. Intensity is low at shorter and longer wavelengths 2. Curves pass through a maximum 3. Intensity increases with temperature. 4. λmax shifts to lower wavelengths with increase in temperature 02/11/2021 Lecture Notes ...
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