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Practical Class Parasites of the GIT Gastrointestine & Nutrition MBBS Programme Giardia intestinalis: Trophozoite Basic morphology Size 14 - 15 x 7 - 9 μm Shape pyriform; rounded anteriorly, and pointed posteriorly; bilaterally symmetrical; dorsally convex Structures • concave sucking disc • Binucleate, with thin nuclear membrane and a central karyosome 2 Giardia intestinalis: Trophozoite Other structures The gross appearance of Giardia sp., showing its dorsally convex body. Flagella 4 pairs • 1 anterior pair • 1 posterior pair • 2 pairs central Parabasal bodies 2, sausage-shaped; transversely posterior to the sucking disc; cytoskeletal Axoneme 2 Ventral sucker Ventral view of Giardia sp. Flagella  Found in diarrhœic stool  Multiplies by longitudinal binary division  ‘Fallen-leaf’-like movement 3 4 Giardia trophozoites by light microscopy 5 Giardia intestinalis: Cyst Basic morphology Size 8-17 x 6110 μm Shape Ovoid Nuclei Immature cyst – 2 nuclei Mature cyst – 4 nuclei Cytoplasm Retracted from the cyst wall Other structures Retracted axostyle, parabasal bodies, Interior flagella within the cyst  Non-motile but able to multiply within the cyst wall  Found in semi-formed and formed stools 6 Giardia cysts by light microscopy (stained with Lugol’s iodine) nucleus Rudimentary internal structures 7 Different developmental stages of Entamœba histolytica 8 Entamœba histolytica: Trophozoite Basic m ...
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