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Sql lecture 4

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SQL What is SQL? • SQL stands for Structured Query Language • SQL lets you access and manipulate databases • SQL is an ANSI (American National Standards Institute) standard SQL statements are used to perform tasks such as update data on a database, or retrieve data from a database RDBMS • RDBMS stands for Relational Database Management System. • RDBMS is the basis for SQL, and for all modern database systems such as MS SQL Server, IBM DB2, Oracle, MySQL, and Microsoft Access. • The data in RDBMS is stored in database objects called tables. • A table is a collection of related data entries and it consists of columns and rows. COMPONENTS OF SQL 1. Data Manipulation Language (DML) DML is used to retrieve, insert and modify database information. These commands will be used by all database users during the routine operation of the database. Examples of DML commands: INSERT SELECT UPDATE DELETE COMPONENTS OF SQL 2. Data Definition Language (DDL) The Data Definition Language (DDL) is used to create and destroy databases and database objects. These commands will primarily be used by database administrators during the setup and removal phases of a database project Examples of DDL commands: CREATE USE ALTER DROP COMPONENTS OF SQL 3. Data Control Language (DCL) The Data Control Language (DCL) is used to manage user access to databases. These two commands below form the core of the relational database security model. Examples of DCL commands: GRANT – To add databa ...
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