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01 02 the chemistry of life

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Biology Notebook: 01.02 The Chemistry of Life
Objectives:
Compare the structure and function of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
Describe how enzymes regulate chemical reactions
Key Questions and Terms
Notes
Four main types of organic macromolecules:
1.Carbohydrates
2.Lipids
3.Proteins
4.Nucleic Acids
What do all of these macromolecules have in
common?
They all contain carbon atoms
Carbohydrates
Define polymer.
Define monosaccharide and provide two
examples.
What do monosaccharides provide for cells?
What is the basic formula for monosaccharides
and how is the shape determined?
Define disaccharide and provide two examples.
Define polysaccharide and provide two
examples.
What accounts for the differences in the
properties of the various polysaccharides?
What is the monomer (single unit) that makes
up the polysaccharides?
Describe the structure and function starch.
Describe the structure and function cellulose.
Describe the structure and function glycogen.
Describe the structure and function chitin.

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Lipids
Define hydrophobic.
What are the three main categories of lipids?
1.
2.
3.
What are fat molecules made of?
What is another name for fats?
Why are fats important?
How is the structure of phospholipids different
from a fat?
Define hydrophilic.
How does that change the relationship that
phospholipids have to water?
Describe the structure of steroids.
What are some examples of steroids and their
functions?
Proteins
What are proteins made of?
What gives proteins its unique properties?
Choose three protein examples and describe its
functions.
1.
2.
3.
Describe the structure of an amino acid. What
part of the amino acid makes each one unique?
What is the function of catalysts, like
enzymes?
Why are temperature and pH important to
enzymes?
What are 2 examples of things that can inhibit

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Biology Notebook: 01.02 The Chemistry of Life Objectives: • Compare the structure and function of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids • Describe how enzymes regulate chemical reactions Key Questions and Terms Four main types of organic macromolecules: What do all of these macromolecules have in common? Notes 1.Carbohydrates 2.Lipids 3.Proteins 4.Nucleic Acids They all contain carbon atoms Carbohydrates Define polymer. Define monosaccharide and provide two examples. What do monosaccharides provide for cells? What is the basic formula for monosaccharides and how is the shape determined? Define disaccharide and provide two examples. Define polysaccharide and provide two examples. What accounts for the differences in the properties of the various polysaccharides? What is the monomer (single unit) that makes up the polysaccharides? Describe the structure and function starch. Describe the structure and function cellulose. Describe the structure and function glycogen. Describe the structure and function chitin. Lipids Define hydrophobic. What are the three main categories of lipids? 1. 2. 3. What are fat molecules made of? What is another name for fats? Why are f ...
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