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Lab 6 And 7

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Lab 6: Compression Strength and Modulus of Elasticity
Abstract
Structural failure is identified within tensile or compressive factors in concrete load analysis. The
failure stems from voids and cracks made by evaporated water in the curing procedure, resulting
in weak spots susceptible to compressive pressure. Due to tensile strength being too radical in
change when tested using water/cement ratio changes, compressive strength was used as the
defining factor to be observed. The compressive strength and elastic capabilities of a cylindrical
cement sample were tested during the experimentations to observe the causes and degree of
structural damage. Different samples underwent testing to examine concrete behavioral
tendencies when subjected to intense compressive force. The testing procedures involved the use
of a Hydraulic Concrete Compression Testing Machine wherein concrete cylindrical samples are
loaded upright and compressed under a varying amount of load exerted by the machine. With the
samples being of the same dimensions and W/C content, the different pressures exerted yielded
different extents of structural damages that would have been done onto a 4”-diameter and 55%
W/C content concrete block in an industrial setting when faced with the range of compressive
pressure. The gathered data determined the compressive strength value, f
cs
, of the concrete
blocks under a compressive load between 66,000, 70,000, and 69,000 lb.
Introduction
Determining the compressive load capabilities of a concrete cylindrical block with a determined
diameter size and water content ratio before structural failure would give a set idea of the load
that a specific type of block can withstand before it becomes damaged. These structural failures
are often caused by microcracks found within the inside of a concrete block, made due to the
evaporation of water which results to void areas. The resulting voids and microcracks contribute

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to the weakness of a concrete block as they lower the structural integrity of the material.
Compressive strength testing ensures that experiments are done under a controlled environment
with the greatest chance of acquiring accurate data. With the gathered data being computed to be
as accurate as possible, it would serve as a construction material standard of safety to not allow
workers to mistakenly use a concrete block that can’t withstand a specific compressive load. As
such, accurate readings would help avoid structural damages from occurring due to material
failure by determining the load cap of a specific concrete bock beforehand, which would
potentially save lives in the future.
Materials and Methods
The experimentation primarily used a 4”-diameter and 55% W/C cylindrical concrete block
alongside a Hydraulic Concrete Compression Testing Machine to determine the compression
capabilities of three specification accurate samples against varying loads. A Micrometer is used
to measure the dimension of each cylindrical block, in this case, to determine the constant
dimension still applies before the testing procedure. Each block was loaded onto the lower head
of the machine first before aligning and attaching the upper head to connect to the block. Due to
uneven surfaces in the heads, cylinder caps were used to mold onto both ends of each block.
These caps prevent large errors in compression calculations by smoothening out the surface
between the block ends and machine heads, allowing more accurate calculations by removing
irregularities in the connected parts. The dial gage is then turned on and the reading is observed
as the compression starts, with the nearest load recorded before structural damage is observed as
the maximum compressive failure that a specific block can take. The resulting compressive
strength value, f
cs
, would then be calculated using the formula f
cs
=P
max
/A
i
, where A
i
= πD
i
2
/4.

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Lab 6: Compression Strength and Modulus of Elasticity Abstract Structural failure is identified within tensile or compressive factors in concrete load analysis. The failure stems from voids and cracks made by evaporated water in the curing procedure, resulting in weak spots susceptible to compressive pressure. Due to tensile strength being too radical in change when tested using water/cement ratio changes, compressive strength was used as the defining factor to be observed. The compressive strength and elastic capabilities of a cylindrical cement sample were tested during the experimentations to observe the causes and degree of structural damage. Different samples underwent testing to examine concrete behavioral tendencies when subjected to intense compressive force. The testing procedures involved the use of a Hydraulic Concrete Compression Testing Machine wherein concrete cylindrical samples are loaded upright and compressed under a varying amount of load exerted by the machine. With the samples being of the same dimensions and W/C content, the different pressures exerted yielded different extents of structural damages that would have been done onto a 4”-diameter and 55% W/C content concrete block in an industrial setting when faced with the range of compressive pressure. The gathered data determined the compressive strength value, fcs, of the concrete blocks under a compressive load between 66,000, 70,000, and 69,000 lb. Introduction Determining the compressive load cap ...
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