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Circuit Lab Mohha

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Subject
Engineering
School
Brookline College - Oklahoma City
Type
Homework
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COVER PAGE
Haider Abualsaud
800224677
[Pick the date]
Section: 005
Lab 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
1. INTRODUCTION: Pg. No. 1
2. MATERIALS LIST: Pg. No. 1
3. PROCEDURE:
(a) Turning an LED ON without using Limit switch Pg. No. 1 - Pg. No. 2
(b) Turning an LED ON/OFF using Limit switch Pg. No. 2
(c) For a Resistor Network Pg. No. 2
4. DATA COLLECTED/ RESULTS:
(a) TABLE 1 - Pg. No. 2
(b) TABLE 2 - Pg. No. 2
(c) TABLE 3 - Pg. No. 2
5. CONCLUSIONS: Pg. No. 3
6. QUESTION: Pg. No. 3 Pg. No. 6

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1. INTRODUCTION:
Here we would be building and analyzing basic circuits using
(i) LED:
LED stands for Light-emitting diodes, they are used for converting electrical energy into light energy, they are
found to be more efficient than incandescent lamps/bulbs as in these LED’s comparatively less amount of
energy is converted to heat for given lumens.
Whenever in use, an LED must be given a power source in addition to a current limiting resistor, as without a
resistor, LED might burn out if the supply voltage is more than the LED’s forward voltage (minimum threshold
voltage which turns the LED on) and since it has a very little forward resistance so an excessive current might
flow through the LED, and hence damaging it.
Basically being a diode, LED allows the current to flow in only one direction; we can determine the polarities
by picking the longer leg is known as the anode, i.e. the positive lead and the negative lead is called the
cathode.
(ii) Limit switch:
Limit switches are common input devices in mechatronics systems. They can check if an object is present at a
position or not, most common in finding the positions of doors, gates, alignment of belts, etc. A pair of
switches can check if a gate is completely closed or fully open but it can’t determine the in-between positions
of the gate.
It has got at least two sets of contacts namely: "Normally Open" (NO) and "Normally closed" (NC). The
Normally Closed contacts allow electricity to pass when the switch is at the normal position (i.e., the arm
is untouched). The Normally Open (NO) contacts pass electricity when the switch is present at the
actuated position. Both sets of contacts allow electricity to pass through the "Common" wire.
(iii) Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law(KVL) and Current Law:
KVL deals with the conservation of energy and states that the algebraic sum of voltages in a closed loop is
always equal to zero.
While KCL deals with the Conservation Of Charge and states that the total charge or current entering any
node or junction is equal to that of the total charge or current leaving that node as charges can’t get
destroyed or lost at any point.
2. MATERIALS LIST: LED’s, Resistors, Limit switch, Jumping Wires, Digital Multi-meter
(DMM), Breadboard, and Power Supply.
3. PROCEDURE:
(a). Turning an LED ON without using a limit switch(Initial Circuit):
The longer leg/positive lead/anode was placed on the breadboard and the negative lead/cathode was placed in
another column. Then a 330 ohms resistor was connected to the column of the negative lead of the LED. Then the
ground (GND end) of the power supply was connected to the sideways/power rails with selecting the lower row
generally for ground and the positive end (+5V) of the power supply is connected to the upper row of power rails.

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COVER PAGE Haider Abualsaud 800224677 [Pick the date] Section: 005 Lab 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS: 1. INTRODUCTION: Pg. No. 1 2. MATERIALS LIST: Pg. No. 1 3. PROCEDURE: (a) Turning an LED ON without using Limit switch – Pg. No. 1 - Pg. No. 2 (b) Turning an LED ON/OFF using Limit switch – Pg. No. 2 (c) For a Resistor Network – Pg. No. 2 4. DATA COLLECTED/ RESULTS: (a) TABLE 1 - Pg. No. 2 (b) TABLE 2 - Pg. No. 2 (c) TABLE 3 - Pg. No. 2 5. CONCLUSIONS: Pg. No. 3 6. QUESTION: Pg. No. 3 – Pg. No. 6 1 1. INTRODUCTION: Here we would be building and analyzing basic circuits using (i) LED: LED stands for Light-emitting diodes, they are used for converting electrical energy into light energy, they are found to be more efficient than incandescent lamps/bulbs as in these LED’s comparatively less amount of energy is converted to heat for given lumens. Whenever in use, an LED must be given a power source in addition to a current limiting resistor, as without a resistor, LED might burn out if the supply voltage is more than the LED’s forward voltage (minimum threshold voltage which turns the LED on) and since it has a very little forward resistance so an excessive current might flow through the LED, and hence damaging it. Basically being a diode, LED allows the current to flow in only one direction; we can determine the polarities by picking the longer leg is known as the anode, i.e. the positive lead and the negative lead is called the cathode. (ii) Limit switch: Limit switche ...
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