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OSHA Basics Notes

Unit 2 DB: Reflect on your current work environment. Share an example of a work-related

accident (please do not include names of people or employers) that occurred and your thoughts on

whether or not the accident was preventable. Be sure to add enough detail so that your classmates can

form their own opinions about the preventability of the incident and have a discussion about that with

you.

Please include the name of the person or question to which you are replying in the subject line.

For example, "Tom's response to Susan's comment."

Unit 2 Assessment: Instructions

This assignment is in three parts. All three parts must be completed.

PART 1

Your boss has asked you to review the accident information for the CSU Widget Factory. The

information he sent you is provided here.

Using the provided CSU Widget Factory OSHA 300A log, calculate the total recordable incidence

rate (TRIR), the days away, restricted, or transferred (DART) rate, the lost workday injury and illness rate

(LWDII), and the severity rate (SR). Be sure to show your calculations in a Word document.

PART 2

Using the CSU Widget Factory OSHA 300A log (from Part I), distinguish some of the leading

indicators that you would use if examining the CSU Widget Factory Safety Management System. Prepare

a summary of your findings, including any suggestions for improvement.

PART 3

Your boss wants more information on one of the accidents listed on the CSU Widget Factory

OSHA 300 log. He has sent you the OSHA Form 301, Injury and Illness Incident Report, for the accident

involving William Smith (available here). Mr. Smith’s supervisor filled out the form, but it only includes

basic information. To prepare to conduct a more thorough investigation, do the following:

▪ Develop a list of five questions to ask Mr. Smith’s supervisor about the circumstances

surrounding the incident. Explain the importance of each question you create.

▪ Select two theories of accident causation, and explain how you would use them to help in the

accident investigation.

Your submission must be a minimum of two pages, not including title and reference pages, and

follow APA guidelines. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and

quoted material must have accompanying citations.

The CSU Widget Factory has been experiencing an increase in back and shoulder injuries due to manual lifting

of boxes in the warehouse. You have observed that the workers may not understand the importance of body

mechanics when lifting a load. Prepare a paragraph that explains how to lift a load properly, including a

discussion of the forces on various parts of the body when lifting is done incorrectly. As an additional

illustration, calculate and compare the load moment for lifting a 12-pound electrical motor held close to the

body with the load moment for lifting the same motor held 20 inches from the body. Show all calculations.

Your response should be a minimum of 200 words in length.

Proper lifting techniques are essential to safe and effective manual material handling. Two

fundamental principles of these techniques include lifting from your legs instead of your back (e.g. squatting

down, grabbing hold of the item, then standing back up while keeping your back straight), and holding the

item close to your body (cradling/holding the item at or slightly against your belly instead of holding it out

with your arms). These principles are important because they allow a majority of the stress on the body to be

distributed to the areas of the body best equipped to handle it while preserving other areas of the body that

are more susceptible to injury due to excess weight and movement. When you lift with your back instead of

your legs, you are applying the load moment (torque) of the force required to lift the object on your back

muscles instead of your legs. This tends to cause lower back injuries because, although your back muscles are

strong, they are nowhere near as strong as your legs and were not designed for heavy lifting in the same

manner your legs are. In addition, when you lift an item out in front of you instead of against you, it increases

the load moment of the force required to move the item onto your shoulders instead of your arm muscles

such as your biceps. This causes the item to feel heavier than it actually is, and similar to your back vs. leg

muscle rational, your arm muscles such as your biceps are much better equipped to deal with heavier loads

than the muscles, tendons, and ligaments within your shoulder. The stress of the extra weight on the shoulder

muscles, tendons, and ligaments (things primarily designed for rotational purposes) can cause tears and

strains. An example of how an item can be heavier when carried away from the body versus against it can be

seen in the calculation below:

12 lb. electrical motor carried against the body vs. 20 inches away from the body

Load Moment = Weight x Distance

Against the body (ft-lbs.) = 12 lb. x 0ft =0 ft-lbs.

20 Inches away from the body (ft-lbs.) = 12 lb. x 1.67 ft = 20.04 ft-lbs.

Carrying the 12 lb. electrical motor 20 inches away from your body adds 20 lbs. of extra load moment on your

body.

Based on your recent analysis of injuries related to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) at the CSU

Widget Factory, your boss wants to try to reduce the amount of manual material handling, especially in

the warehouse. Using the hierarchy of controls, propose at least five control measures that would help

reduce the amount of manual lifting and/or reduce the likelihood of injuries caused by manual lifting.

Explain clearly how each of these proposed controls would reduce the risk of injury, the advantages and

disadvantages of each, and what new hazards, if any, might be created if the control is implemented.

One control measure that could help reduce the amount of manual material handling in the CSU

Widget Factory warehouse could be elevating workstations and storage areas to at least the average hip

height for most employees and installing automating conveyer belts that could transport material from one

location to the next. This would eliminate the risk of injuries and illnesses associated with manual material

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OSHA Basics Notes Unit 2 DB: Reflect on your current work environment. Share an example of a work-related accident (please do not include names of people or employers) that occurred and your thoughts on whether or not the accident was preventable. Be sure to add enough detail so that your classmates can form their own opinions about the preventability of the incident and have a discussion about that with you. Please include the name of the person or question to which you are replying in the subject line. For example, "Tom's response to Susan's comment." Unit 2 Assessment: Instructions This assignment is in three parts. All three parts must be completed. PART 1 Your boss has asked you to review the accident information for the CSU Widget Factory. The information he sent you is provided here. Using the provided CSU Widget Factory OSHA 300A log, calculate the total recordable incidence rate (TRIR), the days away, restricted, or transferred (DART) rate, the lost workday injury and illness rate (LWDII), and the severity rate (SR). Be sure to show your calculations in a Word document. PART 2 Using the CSU Widget Factory OSHA 300A log (from Part I), distinguish some of the leading indicators that you would use if examining the CSU Widget Factory Safety Management System. Prepare a summary of your findings, including any suggestions for improvement. PART 3 Your boss wants more information on one of the accidents listed on the CSU Widget Factory OSHA 300 log. He has sent you the OSHA ...
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