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Expulsion Effect of Superhydrophic Materials
Expulsion Effect of Superhydrophic Materials
p1 - Why to Study the Brain?
p3 - The Climate Change Crisis: A Tipping Point for Sustaining Life on Planet Earth, Part I of a
Series p6 - Cross-linking of DNA Segments by Histone H1 Explains Chromatin Folding
p11 - Aminopeptidase from Flavobacterium breve
p18 - Connotations of Culture in Human Resource Management
p25 - Glucose as a DAMP
p27 - Microgravity Expulsion of PTFE Spheres from Water: An Experimental Study
The brain is the ultimate computational machine in the universe. Despite what was thought
about the brain decades and centuries ago, now it is well understood that the brain is a
calculator, a machine that does computational things. In other words the brain is something that
takes information in its input, elaborates it and then spit-out some result in form of information or
actions. Many centuries ago, the brain was the location of the mind. The mind was considered
like a mysterious entity where our thought, our consciousness and our feeling resided. The
definition of mind of course is still valid today, in some sense. What has changed is the fact that
now we know that the mind is the results of a computational process. A very, complex process,
presumably a stochastic one, but as far as we know, something that we can define as a
computer “algorithm” is running inside our brains. Data are processes in a way that is not yet
completely clear, and the result is our entire behavior, our thoughts our actions and our
perception of reality.
In the last decades, we became aware of the mathematical properties of the only active element
in the brain: the neuron. A neuron is a specialized cell that receives electric inputs from
thousands of other neurons in different locations. It does a simple and reproducible process on
these and gives out a response. What kind of response? An electrical spike, or better called
action potential. This is a sudden surge of electric potential, followed by a quick fall of it. This
behavior resembles a little bit the discharge of a small battery, as if we suddenly short-cut it.
After the neuron has spiked its signal out, it needs about 5 milliseconds to recharge, then, if the
conditions allow, it can spike again. This makes the neuron a very slow machine. If we compare
it to modern transistors, the maximum spike frequency is a mere 200 Hz, whereas a transistor
can be millions of times faster than that.
1 What are the conditions by which a neuron decides to spike ? Very simple they are: neurons
integrate the thousands of electric signals coming in the input, and if the total potential is high
enough they spike, otherwise they remain at rests. Of course, this is an oversimplified
explanation of the mechanism by which a neuron works.
We have a complete and reliable mathematical model of the electrical functioning of a single
neuron (for example the HodgkinHuxley model.

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2.Actually, Izhikevich demonstrated that it is possible to construct an exact mathematical model
of a neuron, simulate its actions numerically and compare the result with experiments with real
biological neurons
Volume 01, Issue 02 January 2019
Science Documents
doi: 10.32954/synsdocs.2019.001.01
Print: ISSN 2574-1721 Online: ISSN 2573-1882
Volume 01, Issue. 02, January 2019
Science Documents
®
Expulsion Effect of Superhydrophic Materials
Expulsion Effect of Superhydrophic Materials
p1 - Why to Study the Brain?
p3 - The Climate Change Crisis: A Tipping Point for Sustaining Life on Planet Earth, Part I of a
Series p6 - Cross-linking of DNA Segments by Histone H1 Explains Chromatin Folding
p11 - Aminopeptidase from Flavobacterium breve
p18 - Connotations of Culture in Human Resource Management
p25 - Glucose as a DAMP
p27 - Microgravity Expulsion of PTFE Spheres from Water: An Experimental Study
Science Documents
Editorial
doi: 10.32954/synsdocs.2019.001.01 1 Volume 01, Issue. 02, January 2019
Why to Study the Brain?
Ruggero Micheletto1,*
1Department of Nanosystem Sciences, Yokohama City University, Japan. *Corresponding
Author: ruggero@yokohama-cu.ac.jp
The brain is the ultimate computational machine in the universe. Despite what was thought
about the brain decades and centuries ago, now it is well understood that the brain is a
calculator, a machine that does computational things. In other words the brain is something that
takes information in its input, elaborates it and then spit-out some result in form of information or
actions. Many centuries ago, the brain was the location of the mind. The mind was considered
like a mysterious entity where our thought, our consciousness and our feeling resided. The
definition of mind of course is still valid today, in some sense. What has changed is the fact that
now we know that the mind is the results of a computational process. A very, complex process,
presumably a stochastic one, but as far as we know, something that we can define as a
computer “algorithm” is running inside our brains. Data are processes in a way that is not yet
completely clear, and the result is our entire behavior, our thoughts our actions and our
perception of reality.
In the last decades, we became aware of the mathematical properties of the only active element
in the brain: the neuron. A neuron is a specialized cell that receives electric inputs from
thousands of other neurons in different locations. It does a simple and reproducible process on
these and gives out a response. What kind of response? An electrical spike, or better called
action potential. This is a sudden surge of electric potential, followed by a quick fall of it. This

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Science Documents Expulsion Effect of Superhydrophic Materials Expulsion Effect of Superhydrophic Materials p1 - Why to Study the Brain? p3 - The Climate Change Crisis: A Tipping Point for Sustaining Life on Planet Earth, Part I of a Series p6 - Cross-linking of DNA Segments by Histone H1 Explains Chromatin Folding p11 - Aminopeptidase from Flavobacterium breve p18 - Connotations of Culture in Human Resource Management p25 - Glucose as a DAMP p27 - Microgravity Expulsion of PTFE Spheres from Water: An Experimental Study The brain is the ultimate computational machine in the universe. Despite what was thought about the brain decades and centuries ago, now it is well understood that the brain is a calculator, a machine that does computational things. In other words the brain is something that takes information in its input, elaborates it and then spit-out some result in form of information or actions. Many centuries ago, the brain was the location of the mind. The mind was considered like a mysterious entity where our thought, our consciousness and our feeling resided. The definition of mind of course is still valid today, in some sense. What has changed is the fact that now we know that the mind is the results of a computational process. A very, complex process, presumably a stochastic one, but as far as we know, something that we can define as a computer “algorithm” is running inside our brains. Data are processes in a way that is not yet completely clear, and the result ...
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