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Leanna Nicole Flores, SRN
9/27/20
THEORIES OF PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
Erikson
Freud
Piaget
Kohlberg
Infancy:
birth to 1 year
Trust versus mistrust:
attachment to primary
caregiver.
Oral stage: Pleasure
seeking is focused on
oral activities such as
chewing, sucking, biting,
and vocalizing. The
infant choose which one
they prefer which aids in
developing personality.
The infant is concerned
with self-gratification.
Sensorimotor stage:
Development from reflex
activity to imagination
and problem solving
through senses and
movement. They don’t
understand that an
object continues to exist
when out of the visual
field.
Egocentric judgement:
infant has no awareness
of right or wrong.
Toddler:
1 to 3 years
Autonomy versus shame and
doubt: gaining some control
over self and environment.
Anal stage: focus is on
the anal region when
the sphincter muscles
develop and they have
the ability to hold in and
release fecal matter.
Toilet training will impact
personality and provide
a sense of control.
Preoperational stage:
learns to think in past,
present, future. The child
converts from
acknowledging the
world though senses and
movement to problem
solving and is
egocentric.
Punishment-obedience
orientation: children
view the world in a
selfish way, does not
understand right or
wrong. Child will obey
rules to avoid
punishment.
Preschool:
3 to 6 years
Initiative versus guilt: becoming
purposeful and directive.
Phallic stage: there is
interest in the genitalia
at this time and can
differentiate between
sexes and become
curious with one
another.
Preoperational stage:
learns to think in past,
present, future. The child
converts from
acknowledging the
world though senses and
movement to problem
solving and is
egocentric.
Instrumental relativist
orientation: conforms to
rules to obtain rewards
and has moral standards
to avoid punishment.
School-age:
6 to 12 years
Industry versus inferiority:
developing social, physical,
and learning skills.
Latency period: children
will elaborate on
previously acquired traits
Concrete operational:
is able to classify, order,
sort facts, develops
Good boy or nice girl
orientation: being good,
living up to expectations

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Leanna Nicole Flores, SRN 9/27/20 THEORIES OF PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT Erikson Trust versus mistrust: attachment to primary caregiver. Infancy: birth to 1 year Autonomy versus shame and doubt: gaining some control over self and environment. Toddler: 1 to 3 years Initiative versus guilt: becoming purposeful and directive. Preschool: 3 to 6 years School-age: 6 to 12 years Industry versus inferiority: developing social, physical, and learning skills. Freud Oral stage: Pleasure seeking is focused on oral activities such as chewing, sucking, biting, and vocalizing. The infant choose which one ...
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