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Lecture gp111 09

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GP111 Elementary Thermodynamics Entropy 1 Entropy (S) • The second law leads to define a property call entropy. • Entropy is non-conserved property. • Entropy is an extensive property of a system and sometimes is referred to as total entropy. Entropy per unit mass, designated s, is an intensive property and has the unit kJ/kg · K.. • It is path independent. • A measure of the microscopic disorder of a system. • If system can exists in “large number of states”, it is said to have high entropy. 2 Number of states You have one dollar bill and 3 people. How many unique ways you have to distribute this dollar? 3 Number of states 3 - Possible states 4 Number of states You have one dollar and 4 people. How many unique ways you have to distribute this dollar? 5 Number of states 4 - Sates More people = More entropy 6 Number of states You have two one-dollar bills and 4 people. How many unique ways you have to distribute this two dollars? 16- Sates More dollars = More entropy 7 8 9 Dispersal of matter or energy: more dispersal larger increase in entropy • Solid – Fixed movement. Less entropy • Liquid – Free to move more entropy • Gas – Free to move and can spread lot. Tremendous amount of entropy Two molecules come together and produce one molecule, that decrease entropy (come together). One molecule produce two molecules, that increase entropy (spreading something). Larger volumes, more possibilities to spread and increase th ...
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