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Studypool opse402 high powered lasers lab

Studypool opse402 high powered lasers lab

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High Powered Lasers Lab

Abstract

We found the threshold current for the 930nm p-n junction semiconductor laser with an

attached fiber optical waveguide connected to the heat sink to be 580mA. After threshold was

reached, we found a positive linear relationship between applied current and power output with a

conversion efficiency of .1%. We experimented to determine the relationship of temperature

dependency on the power output of the laser when not connected to the heat sink and found an

exponential decrease in output power as temperature increases for a constant current applied.

From this we determined that as temperature of the laser increases, the threshold current

increases for a constant applied current.

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I. Introduction

Lasers are devices that create monochromatic, coherent, directional electromagnetic radiation

of many different wavelengths. The creation of lasers began with the idea and design of

oscillators by Nikolai G. Basov and Alexander M. Prokhorov in 1955 [1]. This led to the

discover of masers, which are devices of stimulated emission of radiation in the microwave

range [1]. Soon after the discovery of masers, in 1957 a physicist Charles Towns had the idea of

a maser in the optical range of light[1]. In 1958, Townes along with his brother-in-law, Arthur L.

Schawlow published a paper conveying how an optical maser, or a laser can be created [1].

Schawlow and Townes were awarded the patent for the laser in 1960 [1]. Soon after, the first

laser was actually created in 1960, by Theodore H. Maiman, a physicist at Hughes Research

laboratories in California [1]. In 1964 Townes, Baslov and Prokhorov were awarded the Nobel

Prize in physics for their work which eventually led to the creation of lasers [1]. Since the 1960’s

laser technology has continued to grow, develop, and improve [1]. Now lasers are a huge part of

the science and engineering industries.

Some uses of lasers that we come across in our everyday lives include barcode readers, fiber

optic cables used to bring internet connection across the globe, and laser rangefinders used to tell

the dimensions of a room or object [2]. In the science or medical industries, lasers can be used as

scalpels, and optical tweezers to move around small molecules [2]. In the engineering industry

lasers have a wide use in laser cutters, scanners, welding, soldering and annealing [2]. One

innovative and relatively new way that lasers are used in the medical field is in cancer therapy.

Lasers can be used to decrease the size of tumors, remove them, or even minimize the pain a

patient experiences during surgery by sealing nerve endings and lymph vessels [3]. In tumor

removal or shrinkage, a high-power laser is pointed at the tumor and components of the tumor

absorb energy from the laser beam. The energy absorbed then dissipates as heat which eventually

destroys tumor cells [3]. This type of cancer treatment has proven to leave less scarring, destroy

less healthy tissue, and cause less adverse symptoms in patients versus traditional cancer

treatments such as chemotherapy and surgery [4]. However, improvements to laser treatment and

further research in the properties of lasers needs to be completed for dependency on this type of

treatment because currently the high powered lasers used are very expensive, and laser treatment

has a high rate of reoccurrence in cancer patients[4].

In part II of this report, the theory and makeup of lasers is explained, in part III the

experimental setup is shown, in part IV the results and discussion of the experiment are

explained, part V represents the relationship of laser and detectors as communicators with each

other, and part VI presents the conclusions of the experiment.

II. Theory

Every laser has a power source, an active medium, and a cavity for resonance [5]. The active

medium of a laser must be composed of a material where many of the atoms can consecutively

be raised to a higher energy state [5]. The energy source in the laser can cause a population

inversion which excites the molecules in the medium to a higher energy state [5]. When the

molecules are spontaneously relaxed from the high energy state the emit photons which then

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High Powered Lasers Lab Abstract We found the threshold current for the 930nm p-n junction semiconductor laser with an attached fiber optical waveguide connected to the heat sink to be 580mA. After threshold was reached, we found a positive linear relationship between applied current and power output with a conversion efficiency of .1%. We experimented to determine the relationship of temperature dependency on the power output of the laser when not connected to the heat sink and found an exponential decrease in output power as temperature increases for a constant current applied. From this we determined that as temperature of the laser increases, the threshold current increases for a constant applied current. I. Introduction Lasers are devices that create monochromatic, coherent, directional electromagnetic radiation of many different wavelengths. The creation of lasers began with the idea and design of oscillators by Nikolai G. Basov and Alexander M. Prokhorov in 1955 [1]. This led to the discover of masers, which are devices of stimulated emission of radiation in the microwave range [1]. Soon after the discovery of masers, in 1957 a physicist Charles Towns had the idea of a maser in the optical range of light[1]. In 1958, Townes along with his brother-in-law, Arthur L. Schawlow published a paper conveying how an optical maser, or a laser can be created [1]. Schawlow and Townes were awarded the patent for the laser in 1960 [1]. Soon after, the first laser was actually c ...
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