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47870056 anatomy and physiology

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ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

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INTERNAL FEMALE ORGANS
The internal organs of the female consists of the uterus, vagina, fallopian tubes, and the
ovaries
Uterus.
The uterus is a hollow organ about the size and shape of a pear. It serves two important
functions: it is the organ of menstruation and during pregnancy it receives the fertilized
ovum, retains and nourishes it until it expels the fetus during labor.
(1) Location. The uterus is located between the urinary bladder and the rectum. It is
suspended in the pelvis by broad ligaments.
(2) Divisions of the uterus. The uterus consists of the body or corpus, fundus, cervix, and
the isthmus. The major portion of the uterus is called the body or corpus. The fundus is
the superior, rounded region above the entrance of the fallopian tubes. The cervix is the
narrow, inferior outlet that protrudes into the vagina. The isthmus is the slightly
constricted portion that joins the corpus to the cervix.

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ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM INTERNAL FEMALE ORGANS The internal organs of the female consists of the uterus, vagina, fallopian tubes, and the ovaries Uterus. The uterus is a hollow organ about the size and shape of a pear. It serves two important functions: it is the organ of menstruation and during pregnancy it receives the fertilized ovum, retains and nourishes it until it expels the fetus during labor. (1) Location. The uterus is located between the urinary bladder and the rectum. It is suspended in the pelvis by broad ligaments. (2) Divisions of the uterus. The uterus consists of the body or corpus, fundus, cervix, and the isthmus. The major portion of the uterus is called the body or corpus. The fundus is the superior, rounded region above the entrance of the fallopian tubes. The cervix is the narrow, inferior outlet that protrudes into the vagina. The isthmus is the slightly constricted portion that joins the corpus to the cervix. (3) Walls of the uterus. The walls are thick and are composed of three layers: the endometrium, the myometrium, and the perimetrium. The endometrium is the inner layer or mucosa. A fertilized egg burrows into the endometrium (implantation) and resides there for the rest of its development. When the female is not pregnant, the endometrial lining sloughs off about every 28 days in response to changes in levels of hormones in the blood. This process is called menses. The myometrium is the smooth muscle component of ...
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