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459096352 digestive system notes

459096352 digestive system notes

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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Digestion is the process by which the complex food molecules are broken down

into simpler molecules so that they can be absorbed into the blood.

During digestion, food is:

a. Mechanically broken down (smaller pieces)

b. Chemically broken down into small molecules.

c. The small molecules are absorbed into the blood stream for distribution.

Digestive system helps in the mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods and

the absorption of nutrients by cells.

Human alimentary canal

Digestion and absorption occur in the alimentary canal. It is also known as the

digestive tract or gastrointestinal tract or gut, which starts from the mouth and

ends in the anus.

Parts of the human digestive system includes

Structure

Function

Mouth

Pharynx

Oesophagus

Stomach

Pyloric sphincter

Liver

Pancreas

Small intestine

Duodenum

Ileum

Large intestine

Colon

Rectum

Anus

Ingestion & mastication

Swallowing

Link pharynx to stomach

Food storage and protein digestion

Muscle which guard entry into the small intestine.

Production of bile

Production of pancreatic juice

Digestion and absorption

Completion of digestion and absorption of food

Absorption of water

Formation and storage of faeces

Egestion

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Ingestion of food

Ingestion is a process by which complex food molecules are taken-into the body

through the mouth.

Mouth – begins digestion by reducing size of particles (chewing) and mixing with

saliva produced by salivary glands

There are 4 different types of teeth.

They are Incisors (4), Canines (2), Premolars (4) and Molars (6) in each jaw bone.

Incisors help in biting the food. Canine helps in tearing whereas the premolars and

molars help in grinding the food.

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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Digestion is the process by which the complex food molecules are broken down into simpler molecules so that they can be absorbed into the blood. During digestion, food is: a. Mechanically broken down (smaller pieces) b. Chemically broken down into small molecules. c. The small molecules are absorbed into the blood stream for distribution. Digestive system helps in the mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods and the absorption of nutrients by cells. Human alimentary canal Digestion and absorption occur in the alimentary canal. It is also known as the digestive tract or gastrointestinal tract or gut, which starts from the mouth and ends in the anus. Parts of the human digestive system includes Structure Mouth Pharynx Oesophagus Stomach Pyloric sphincter Liver Pancreas Small intestine Duodenum Ileum Large intestine Colon Rectum Anus Function Ingestion & mastication Swallowing Link pharynx to stomach Food storage and protein digestion Muscle which guard entry into the small intestine. Production of bile Production of pancreatic juice Digestion and absorption Completion of digestion and absorption of food Absorption of water Formation and storage of faeces Egestion Ingestion of food Ingestion is a process by which complex food molecules are taken-into the body through the mouth. Mouth – begins digestion by reducing size of particles (chewing) and mixing with saliva produced by salivary glands There are 4 different types of teeth. They are Incisors (4), Can ...
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