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Superior Mesenteric Vein Thrombosis

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SUPERIOR MESENTERIC VEIN THROMBOSIS • • • • • • Superior mesenteric vein (SMV) thrombosis causes 5%-10% of acute mesenteric ischemia. Intestinal ischemia following mesenteric vein thrombosis is due to resistance in the mesenteric venous blood flow causing profound wall edema, fluid efflux into the bowel lumen with resulting systemic hypotension and increase in blood viscosity. As a result, arterial flow is diminished leading to submucosal hemorrhage and bowel infarction. Up to 75% of patients with mesenteric venous thrombosis have an inherited thrombotic disorder. However, the true prevalence of these disorders in patients with mesenteric venous thrombosis is difficult to estimate because most studies include patients with all forms of deep venous thrombosis. The clinical presentation is often subtle early in the disease and becomes characteristic only when advanced and sev ...
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